Cats leave their mark on centuries of books ответы егэ - Exhelper.top

1) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Russian inventions: holography

Do you know what holography is? It is a technique ___ (BASE) on lasers, which enable 3-D (three-dimensional) images to be made.

2) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

In 1962, Soviet physicist Yuri Denisyuk ___ (COME) up with the first reflection hologram also known as the “Denisyuk hologram”.

3) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Now the technology ___ (USE) in most holographic displays and it was the first to allow multi-color image reproduction in holograms.

4) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Grey hair

Johnny noticed a change in his mother’s appearance. “Mommy, some of your hairs ___ (TURN) grey. Why?” the curious child asked.

5) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: “It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of ___ (YOU) shows on my hair.

6) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

It ___ (TURN) one my hairs grey!”

7) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The child replied innocently: “Now I know why my grandmother has only grey hair on her head.” Most children are ___ (SMART) than adults think.

Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Can animals think?

In his quarters at the University of Arizona, Alex is commenting on all that he sees. “Hot!” he warns as a ___ (VISIT) picks up a mug of tea. Alex spots a plateful of fruit and announces his choice: “Grape.” Alex is an African grey parrot.

9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

For the last 16 years, ___ (BIOLOGY) Irene Pepperberg has been exploring the degree to which the bird understands what he is saying.

10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Alex also communicates what appear to be ___ (VARY) feelings.

11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Are the parrot’s words ___ (MERE) a collection of sounds he emits when frustrated, or does this one-pound bird know what he is saying?

12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

For centuries, philosophers argued that ___ (THINK) and language separate humans from other species. Later, scientists had reason to be critical of claims concerning animal intelligence.

13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Today innovative probes of animal intelligence have convinced most scientists that other species really share with humans some higher mental ___ (ABLE).

14) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Cats leave their mark on centuries of books

Once, an academic Emir Filipović was researching a medieval Italian manuscript. It was a book which he ___ from the State Library Archives. He discovered that the manuscript was stained with inky cat paw prints.

1) lent
2) borrowed
3) rented
4) hired

15) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The discovery has placed Filipović at the centre of a social media whirl, and he says he’s still surprised ___ how popular the photograph has proved to be.

1) at
2) with
3) in
4) of

16) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

“I ___ out that one of the main reasons why people had a positive response to it is down to the fact that it makes you imagine the scene in your head when the cat jumped onto the book.

1) looked
2) got
3) worked
4) took

17) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

This especially ___ to cat owners, who are familiar with such typical cases, but also to people who do not own pets since they can still identify with the unfortunate writer,” Filipović says.

1) attracts
2) appeals
3) favours
4) interests

18) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

“One other important thing is that some people ___ to associate the past times with history as a boring school subject focused on politics and wars.

1) look
2) see
3) show
4) appear

19) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

They forget that the past was full of ‘normal’ everyday events like today, and that ___ people who lived in the past were not much different from us.

1) yet
2) just
3) even
4) still

20) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

This picture with the cat paw prints ___ everybody about it.” The cat owners know how annoying it is to have a purring cat trying to climb onto our keyboards while we’re working, and I love the thought of a medieval writer being similarly irritated.

1) reminds
2) revises
3) recollects
4) recalls

Источник

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 – А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22 – A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа.

Cats leave their mark on centuries of books

Once, an academic Emir Filipovi ć was researching a medieval Italian manuscript. It was a book which he A22 _______ from the State Library Archives. He discovered that the manuscript was stained with inky cat paw prints. The discovery has placed Filipovi ć at the centre of a social media whirl, and he says he’s still surprised A23 _______ how popular the photograph has proved to be.

“I A24 _______ out that one of the main reasons why people had a positive response to it is down to the fact that it makes you imagine the scene in your head when the cat jumped onto the book. This especially A25 _______ to cat owners, who are familiar with such typical cases, but also to people who do not own pets since they can still identify with the unfortunate writer,” Filipovi ć says.

“One other important thing is that some people A26 _______ to associate the past times with history as a boring school subject focused on politics and wars. They forget that the past was full of ‘normal’ everyday events like today, and that A27 _______ people who lived in the past were not much different from us. This picture with the cat paw prints A28 _______ everybody about it.”

The cat owners know how annoying it is to have a purring cat trying to climb onto our keyboards while we’re working, and I love the thought of a medieval writer being similarly irritated.

Источник

Emir Filipović, an academic at the University of Sarajevo, was researching his PhD in the Dubrovnik State Archives when he stumbled across a medieval Italian manuscript from 11 March 1445, from «the 13th volume of a series of archival registers called ‘Lettere e commissioni di Levante'».

Doesn’t sound that exciting, does it? But the discovery has placed Filipović at the centre of a social media whirl – because the medieval manuscript was stained with inky cat paw prints. I dropped Filipović a line, and he says he’s still surprised at how popular the photograph has proved to be («Cats — walking all over your shit since the 15th century», says a Reddit post).

«I think that one of the main reasons why people seemed to have a positive response to it is down to the fact that it makes you imagine the scene in your head when the cat jumped onto the book. This especially appeals to cat owners, who are, I suppose, familiar with such typical cases, but also to people who do not own pets since they can still identify with the unfortunate scribe,» Filipović says.

«One other important thing is that some people seem to equate the past times with history as a (boring) school subject focused primarily on politics and wars. They forget that the past was full of ‘normal’ everyday events, just like today, and a picture such as the one with the cat pawprints tends to remind everybody that people who lived in the past were not much different than ourselves.»

I think that’s spot-on – those of us with cats know exactly how annoying/endearing it is to have a purring feline trying to climb onto our keyboards while we’re working, and I just love the thought of a medieval scribe being equally irritated. If not more – at least we can just delete.

Could it also be down to the fact that cats and literature, as Filipović puts it in a blogpost about his discovery, make a good combination? I’m now trying to think of my favourite literary cats, and I’m swamped with choice. Obviously there’s the Cheshire Cat, but thinking of children’s literature makes me remember how much I adored Barbara Sleigh’s Carbonel books, and Paul Gallico’s Jennie, as a child – and as a parent how much I am now enjoying Lynley Dodd’s Slinky Malinki books. («Slinky Malinki was blacker than black, a stalking and lurking adventurous cat.»)

Dodd comes up with some great names for her feline creations – Butterball Brown, Pimpernel Pugh, Greywacke Jones – but obviously, no one beats TS Eliot when it comes to the Naming of Cats. Mr Mistoffelees, old Deuteronomy, Rum Tum Tugger, Skimbleshanks – and my personal favourite, Macavity. I’ll leave you with a few lines to whet your appetite.

Macavity’s a Mystery Cat: he’s called the Hidden Paw —
For he’s the master criminal who can defy the Law.
He’s the bafflement of Scotland Yard, the Flying Squad’s despair:
For when they reach the scene of crime – Macavity’s not there!

Macavity, Macavity, there’s no one like Macavity,
He’s broken every human law, he breaks the law of gravity.

Just brilliant. And please do share your own favourite literary cats – it’s a purrfect way to spend Friday morning…

Источник

Вербицкая М. В. Forward. Английский язык для 10 класса. ЕГЭ

ЕГЭ Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

C-1. I like having the best of both worlds. — Мне нравится иметь лучшее из обоих миров.
E-2. Life in the countryside is good for my health. — Жизнь в сельской местности хороша для моего здоровья.
B-3. I love the countryside, because life there is very peaceful. — Я люблю деревню, потому что жизнь там очень спокойная.
F-4. The beauty of nature makes living in the country enjoyable. — Красота природы делает жизнь в сельской местности приятной.
Extra-5. I love the countryside, because life there is good for my children. — Я люблю деревню, потому что жизнь там хороша для моих детей.
A-6. I enjoyed moving to a town where life is more comfortable. – Мне нравится ездить в город, где жизнь более комфортная.
D-7. I dislike living in the country, because I need human company. — Я не люблю жить в деревне, потому что мне нужна человеческая компания.

2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительный, ни отрицательный ответ (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3-A John usually spends Christmas at his parents’ house. — Джон обычно проводит Рождество в доме своих родителей.
1-B Angela is rather pessimistic about her chances to get the job. — Анжела довольно пессимистична по поводу ее шансов получить работу.
2-C John considers Angela a workaholic. — Джон считает Анжелу трудоголиком.
2-D John is enthusiastic about Angela moving to Russia. — Джон с энтузиазмом относится к переезду Анжелы в Россию.
3-E Angela worked in an international company in Canada. — Анжела работала в международной компании в Канаде.
1-F John is more optimistic than Angela about her chances to get the job. — Джон более оптимистичен, чем Анжела о ее шансах получить работу.
3-G John is going to leave at 2 PM. — Джон собирается ехать в 2 часа дня.

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 7, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3. Tony Stevens 2) watches his films once. — Тони Стивенс смотрел свои фильмы один раз.

4. What is the most important thing about writing for Tony Stevens? – Какая наиболее важная вещь о писательстве для Тони Стивенса?
1) Writing is NOT a team work like acting. – Писательство НЕ является командной работой как игра актеров (актерство).

5. Tony Stevens says that if, as a child, you are fascinated by a literary character, 2) you want to become that character. — Тони Стивенс говорит, что если, будучи ребенком, вы очарованы литературным персонажем, то вы хотите стать этим персонажем.

6. Tony Stevens wished he had had on the school curriculum 1) “Pickwick Papers” by Charles Dickens. — Тони Стивенсу хотелось, чтобы в его школьной программе было произведение «Записки Пиквикского клуба» Чарльза Диккенса.

7. What advice does he give to beginning writers? — Какой совет он дает начинающим писателям?
3) Go by your experience and write clearly. – Следовать своему опыту и писать ясно.

8. What is his present attitude to critical reviews? — Каково его настоящее отношение к критическим отзывам?
3) He pays no attention to them. — Он не обращает на них никакого внимания.

9. What made his career as an actor successful? — Что сделало его карьеру как актера успешной?
2) Determination and decisiveness. – Целеустремленность и решительность.

ЕГЭ Раздел 2. Чтение

10. Установите соответствие между текстами А-G и заголовками 1-8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

F-1. Beware of rabbits — Остерегайтесь кроликов
A-2. Exotic pets — Экзотические домашние животные
B-3. Saving animals – Спасение животных
G-4. Teaching and entertaining – Обучение и развлечение
Extra-5. Protecting pets — Защита домашних животных
D-6. Tender pets — Нежные домашние животные
C-7. What’s in a name? — Что в имени?
E-8. Contribution to science — Вклад в науку

A. Little is known for certain about how guinea pigs were first introduced to Europe and North America as a domestic pet, but they most probably came during the 16th century. Holland, Portugal and Spain had colonies in South America, and the explorers brought to Europe gold and precious gems, along with other unusual and exciting finds. Colourful parrots became very popular status symbols in the homes of the wealthy, and with them came the guinea pig and other animals previously unknown in Europe.

Мало что наверняка известно о том, как морские свинки впервые были ввезены в Европу и Северную Америку в качестве домашнего питомца, но они, скорее всего, появились в 16-м веке. Голландия, Португалия и Испания были колониями в Южной Америке, и исследователи привезли в Европу золото и драгоценные камни, наряду с другими необычными и захватывающими находками. Красочные попугаи стали очень популярными символами статуса в домах богатых, а вместе с ними привезли морскую свинку и других животных, ранее неизвестных в Европе.

B. Many species of wild animals are in danger of complete extinction. This is usually due to loss of habitat as a result of human expansion, or it could be due to excessive hunting. A good, modern zoo has a valuable role to play in assisting with the protection of endangered species. This is both through education of the general public in the importance of conservation in general, and through breeding programmes to increase the population of endangered species in captivity and then reintroduce them into the wild.

Многие виды диких животных находятся под угрозой полного исчезновения. Это, как правило, из-за потери среды обитания в результате человеческой экспансии, или это может быть из-за чрезмерной охоты. Хороший, современный зоопарк играет ценную роль в оказании помощи в защите исчезающих видов. Это происходит как за счет образования широкой общественности в важности сохранения в целом, а также посредством программ разведения для увеличения популяции исчезающих видов в неволе, а затем вновь выпускать их в дикую природу.

C. The guinea pig is today one of the world’s most popular pets, ranking only a little way behind the rabbit. Though called guinea pigs, these animals are not pigs, nor do they come from Guinea. Why Guinea, then? Some say they could have originally changed hands at the cost of a guinea (twenty-one shillings — very expensive!). As for the “pig”, an explanation is much easier to guess — they run and squeal much as little piglets do!

Морская свинка сегодня является одним из самых популярных домашних животных в мире, лишь немного отстает от кролика. Хотя они и называются морскими свинками, эти животные не являются свиньями, и они не из Гвинеи. Почему тогда Гвинея? Некоторые говорят, что они первоначально были названы по стоимости «guinea» (двадцать один шиллинг — очень дорого). Что касается «свинка», объяснение гораздо проще угадать — они бегают и визжат как маленькие поросята!

D. Rabbits are among the most popular pets to keep due to their affectionate nature and love of cuddles. To show they are happy, they often grind their teeth softly when being petted, similar to cats purring. In general, rabbits are timid, non-aggressive and sociable with each other. With gentle handling they are generally quite tame. They are playful and entertaining to watch, but they need a great deal of interaction with their owners. Their cage should be relatively big, but they need some playtime outside it as well.

Кролики являются одними из самых популярных домашних животных, которых держат из-за их ласковой природы и любви объятий. Чтобы показать, что они счастливы, они часто скрипят зубами, когда их мягко поглаживаешь, похожие на кошачье мурлыканье. В общем, кролики пугливые, неагрессивные и общительные друг с другом. При бережном обращении они, как правило, совсем ручные. Они игривы и за ними интересно наблюдать, но они нуждаются во взаимодействии с их владельцами. Их клетка должна быть относительно большой, но им также нужно играть и за ее пределами.

E. For a long time guinea pigs were used as experimental animals. In 1890, the antitoxin for diphtheria was discovered using guinea pigs in the research, and as a result the lives of millions of children have been saved. In 1907 vitamin С was discovered due to guinea pigs. Like humans they cannot produce the vitamin and need it supplied in their diet. The guinea pig’s wide variety of hair types and colours has also made them a prime choice for studies of genetics and heredity. Later they were replaced by rats and mice.

Долгое время морских свинок использовали в качестве экспериментальных животных. В 1890 году антитоксин дифтерии был обнаружен с использованием морских свинок в исследованиях, и в результате жизни миллионов детей были спасены. В 1907 Витамин С был обнаружен из-за морских свинок. Как и люди, они не могут производить витамин и нужно, чтобы он присутствовал в их рационе. Широкое разнообразие морских свинок по типу шерсти и цвету также сделало их основным выбором для изучения генетики и наследственности. Позже они были заменены на крыс и мышей.

F. Security at Denver International Airport tries to protect cars from vandalism and theft, but there’s a new threat at its expansive parking lot. Ravenous rabbits. The animals are causing hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars in damage to cars by devouring the wires under the hood. At least 100 rabbits are removed every month, but the problem persists. The airport is surrounded by prairie, and the rabbits are seeking warmth and food in the parked vehicles.

Служба безопасности в международном аэропорту Денвера пытается защитить автомобили от вандализма и кражи, но есть новая угроза на открытой стоянке. Прожорливые кролики. Животные наносят ущерб в сотни, а иногда и тысячи долларов, в виде повреждения автомобилей, пожирая провода под капотом. По крайней мере, 100 кроликов, удаляются каждый месяц, но проблема не решена. Аэропорт окружен прерией, и кролики ищут тепло и еду в припаркованных транспортных средствах.

G. Our mission at Wild Adventures Zoo is to bring family entertainment back to Las Vegas, in an educational manner. Teaching respect for animals through hands-on applications, workshops and conservation efforts, as well as helping injured and abandoned wildlife and exotic pets, is the reason Wild Adventures Zoo was created. Our focus is on educating the public through fun and exciting activities that allow them to interact with the animals.

Наша миссия в зоопарке Уайлд Эдвенчерс принести развлечение для всей семьи обратно в Лас-Вегас, в образовательной манере. Обучение уважению к животным через практическое применение, мастерские и семинары по сохранению, а также помощь раненым и брошенным диким и экзотическим животным, это и есть причины создания зоопарка Уайлд Эдвенчерс. Наше внимание сосредоточено на просвещение общественности с помощью увлекательных и интересных мероприятий, которые позволяют им взаимодействовать с животными.

11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски А-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Father’s Day
Father’s Day has been celebrated for over 100 years. It is also an event celebrated in many countries around the world, A 3. although at different times of the year. In North America and the United Kingdom, Father’s Day is celebrated on the third Sunday in June. Here are some tips to help you В 7. celebrate Father’s Day in a special way. Use this opportunity to get everyone in the family together for a day of fun. You don’t have to stay at home; you could go to the beach, a local park, one of dad’s favourite places!
Having a picnic during the summer months can be entertaining and a blast for the entire family. It’s a great boredom buster, but it also helps the family to get together and С 2. eat some delicious food and play fun games. It doesn’t take more than a picnic basket and a few food items. Among the healthier items good for a picnic there are apples, a watermelon, celery, and raisins, to name a few. Ask other members of the family to D5. help you choose some of their favourite food items that they’d like to have. You need to realize that it acts as glue for family bonds.
When it comes to making gifts for Father’s Day, perhaps steer clear of the E 6. traditional store-bought gifts of tie and socks. He has probably still got last year’s socks stuffed at the back of a drawer. Expensive gifts are not necessary, but the time and F 1. effort you put in to create a personalized present will be deeply appreciated.

Extra — 4. give advice on the best spot for the picnic – дать совет о лучшем месте для пикника

День отца
День отца отмечается уже более 100 лет. Кроме того, это событие отмечается во многих странах по всему миру, хотя в разное время года. В Северной Америке и Соединенном Королевстве, День отца празднуется в третье воскресенье июня. Вот несколько советов, которые помогут вам отметить День отца особым образом. Используйте эту возможность, чтобы собраться вместе всей семьей и повеселиться. Вы не должны оставаться дома; вы могли бы пойти на пляж, местный парк, в одно из самых любимых мест папы!
Устроить пикник в летние месяцы может быть интересным и является глотком свежего воздуха для всей семьи. Это отличный способ борьбы со скукой, но также помогает семье собраться вместе и поесть вкусной еды и поиграть в веселые игры. Не потребуется ничего больше, чем корзина для пикника и несколько продуктов питания. Среди здоровых продуктов хороших для пикника есть яблоки, арбуз, сельдерей, и изюм, вот всего несколько. Попросите у других членов семьи помочь вам выбрать некоторые из их любимых продуктов питания, которые они хотели бы иметь. Вы должны понимать, что оно действует как клей для семейных уз.
Когда дело доходит до дарения подарков на День отца, возможно, лучше держаться подальше от традиционных купленных в магазине подарков, таких как галстук и носки. У него, вероятно, все еще есть носки, подаренные в прошлом году в задней части ящика. Дорогие подарки не нужны, но время и усилия, которые вы приложили для создания персонального подарка, будут высоко оценены.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Have you ever thought about cities of the future? Clean streets, flying cars and robots doing all the work? Almost half of the world’s population currently lives in cities, and by 2050 that is predicted to increase to 75%, but what kind of city will they be living in? Today, most city dwellers are dissatisfied because they have to live in overcrowded and polluted surroundings. Traffic jams are getting worse, queues longer, power cuts more common, bad air quality more threatening to human health.
There are various ideas about how a future city should look. Some of these revolve around the idea that better means greener. Experts predict carbon-neutral cities full of electric vehicles and bike-sharing schemes, with air quality so much improved that office workers can actually open their windows for the first time. Visions of a green city often include skyscrapers where living and office space comprises high-rise green-houses and vegetables growing on the roofs. Behind such greenification of cities lies a very pressing need.
Technology companies such as IBM believe that the best cities will become networks. In Rio de Janeiro, for example, IBM has already built an operations centre, which it describes as the “nerve centre” of the city. (отрывок из текста)

Вы когда-нибудь думали о городах будущего? Чистые улицы, летающие автомобили и роботы делают всю работу? Почти половина населения земного шара в настоящее время живет в городах, и по прогнозам к 2050 году увеличится до 75%, но, в каком городе они будут жить? В настоящее время большинство городских жителей недовольны, потому что они должны жить в перенаселенной и загрязненной среде. Пробки на дорогах становятся все хуже, очереди больше, отключения электроэнергии чаще, плохое качество воздуха представляет более серьезную угрозу для здоровья человека.
Есть различные идеи о том, как будущий город должен выглядеть. Некоторые из них вращаются вокруг идеи о том, что лучшее означает зеленее. Эксперты прогнозируют углерод-нейтральные города, полные электрических транспортных средств и схем движения велосипедистов, с качеством воздуха настолько улучшенным, что офисные работники могут фактически открыть свои окна в первый раз. Видения зеленого города часто включают в себя небоскребы, где жилые и офисные помещения включает в себя многоэтажные парники и теплицы, расположенные на крышах. За таким озеленением городов лежит очень острая необходимость.
Технологические компании, такие как IBM считают, что лучшие города станут электронными сообществами. В Рио-де-Жанейро, например, IBM уже построила центр управления, который она описывает как «нервный центр» города. Построенный изначально, чтобы помочь справиться с наводнениями, которые регулярно ставят под угрозу город, теперь он координирует 30 правительственных учреждений. Каждый человек с мобильным телефоном соединен с операционным центром. Оперативный центр отправляет сообщения на мобильные телефоны граждан и предоставляет информацию о потенциальных авариях, пробках и других обновлениях города.
Тот факт, что крупные корпорации стали настолько активно участвовать в проектировании городской инфраструктуры натолкнул критиков на вопрос, как быстро такой город может, как компьютерные системы, на которые они полагаются, стать устаревшими. Компьютеры и другие гаджеты обновляются все время, новые модели появляются два раза в год. Параллель также можно провести с офисными зданиями шестидесятых годов, которые могут быть описаны как места с низкими потолками стоящие грустные и пустые, так как передовые технологии посчитали их бесполезными.
Большинство проектов IBM обязуется привлекать сбор данных. Компания работает в тесном контакте с общественными группами, а также городскими советами. В штате Айова корпорация завершила проект, где домашним хозяйствам была предоставлена информация об их потреблении воды. Большинство быстро отреагировали и сэкономили воду при столкновении с данными. Интересно, что те, кто получил информацию о потреблении воды своих соседей, в два раза чаще вносили изменения.
Города имеют возможность предоставления чего-то для всех, только потому, и только тогда, когда они созданы всеми. Тем, кто строит города будущего, следует обратить внимание на эти советы.

12. Which of these problems of modern cities are NOT mentioned in paragraph 1? — Какие из этих проблем современных городов не упоминаются в пункте 1?
3) Water pollution — Загрязнение воды

13. The word “greenification” in paragraph 2 means… — Слово «озеленение» в пункте 2 означает
3) gardens on top of buildings — сады на крышах зданий

14. The pronoun “it” in sentence 3 of paragraph 3 refers to… — Местоимение «она» в предложении 3 пункта 3 относится к
1) the IBM company. — компания IBM.

15. What is the purpose of Rio de Janeiro’s operations centre? — Какова цель оперативного центра Рио-де-Жанейро?
1) To inform citizens on traffic density and emergency situations. — информировать граждан о плотности дорожного движения и чрезвычайных ситуациях.

16. Why does the author draw a parallel between the offices of the 60s and the cities of tomorrow? — Почему автор проводит параллель между офисами 60-х и городами завтрашнего дня?
2) To demonstrate the speed of progress. — Для того, чтобы продемонстрировать скорость прогресса.

17. How can access to information influence the behaviour of citizens? — Каким образом может доступ к информации влиять на поведение граждан?
3) They change their habits. — Они меняют свои привычки.

18. Choose the best title for the text. — Выберите лучший заголовок для текста.
2) A City of the Future — Город будущего

ЕГЭ Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содер¬жанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый про¬пуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25.

Around the world: the Seychelles
Welcome to the Seychelles! This is an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean. It’s not difficult to find a good tourist spot in the Seychelles. It’s difficult to say which of them is the 19) best.
As the Seychelles islands have a year-long warm, tropical climate, it’s always a good time to visit, although different times of year may be better suited to your particular interests. People interested in 20) diving can make a visit to Denis Island.
Families with 21) children should visit St Anne National Marine Park and the famous beaches.

По всему миру: Сейшельские острова
Добро пожаловать на Сейшелы! Это архипелаг из 115 островов в Индийском океане. Не трудно найти хорошее туристическое место в Сейшельских островах. Трудно сказать, какое из них является лучшим.
Поскольку Сейшельские острова имеют круглый год теплый, тропический климат, то это всегда хорошее время для посещения, хотя разные времена года могут лучше всего подходить для ваших конкретных интересов. Люди, заинтересованные дайвингом могут посетить Денис Айлэнд.
Семьи с детьми должны посетить Национальный морской парк Санкт-Энн и знаменитые пляжи.

Happy New Year
It was an exam before Christmas. One of the students 22) didn’t know how to answer the question.
He was trying hard, but couldn’t remember a single word from the textbook. So he 23) wrote, “God knows! I don’t. Merry Christmas!”
Some time 24) later, just before the New Year, the examination papers came back.
The student saw that the professor 25) had written on his paper, “God gets 100, you get 0. Happy New Year!”

С новым годом
Это был экзамен перед Рождеством. Один из студентов не знал, как ответить на вопрос.
Он изо всех сил старался, но не мог вспомнить ни одного слова из учебника. Таким образом, он написал: «Бог знает! Я нет. Счастливого Рождества!»
Через некоторое время, незадолго до Нового года, пришли экзаменационные работы.
Студент увидел, что профессор написал на его работе, «Бог получает 100, вы получаете 0. С Новым годом!»

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.

The history of radio
Radio started with the discovery of “radio waves”. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves that can transmit music, speech, pictures and other data 26) invisibly through the air.
Many devices work by using electromagnetic waves, including radio, microwaves, cordless phones, remote controlled toys, television broadcasts, and more.
During the 1860s, Scottish physicist, J.C. Maxwell predicted the 27) existence of radio waves.
In 1886, German 28) scientist, H.R. Hertz demonstrated that rapid variations of electric current could be projected into space in the form of radio waves.
G. Marconi, an Italian 29) inventor, sent and received his first radio signal in Italy in 1895.
By 1899 he flashed the first 30) wireless signal across the English Channel and two years later received the letter “S”, telegraphed from England to Newfoundland.
This was the first 31) successful transatlantic radiotelegraph message.

История радио
Радио началось с открытия «радиоволн». Радиоволны представляют собой электромагнитные волны, которые могут передавать музыку, речь, изображения и другие данные незримо через воздух.
Многие устройства работают с помощью электромагнитных волн, в том числе радио, микроволновые печи, беспроводные телефоны, игрушки с дистанционным управлением, телевизионные передачи и многое другое.
В течение 1860-х годов, шотландский физик, Дж. К. Максвелл предсказал существование радиоволн.
В 1886 году, немецкий ученый, Г. Р. Герц показал, что быстрые изменения электрического тока могут быть спроецированы в космическое пространство в виде радиоволн.
Г. Маркони, итальянский изобретатель, послал и получил свой первый радиосигнал в Италии в 1895 году.
К 1899 году он отправил первый беспроводной сигнал через Ла-Манш и два года спустя получил букву «S», телеграфированную из Англии в Ньюфаундленд.
Это было первое успешное трансатлантическое радиотелеграфное сообщение.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа.

Tests and test-takers
You don’t have to be a psychologist to guess how students are feeling during a test or an exam. Just by observing their body language you can tell whether they will pass or 32) fail.
Just before the test starts, they will often 33) tell silly things and try nervously to hide their nervousness. A little tension or stress before and during a test is normal. When the examinees get their papers, some of them will 34) smile to themselves — a sure sign they know the answers. 35) However, if they feel the exam is hard, you may hear how disappointed they are or see how annoyed they are when they frown. Some will try to glance quickly at their neighbours’ tests, and some will yawn to pretend that they are bored or tired, while, in fact, they are just waiting for the teacher to turn 36) away so that one of their mates can quietly 37) whisper the answers to them. When they finish, some will immediately dash out as if they were desperate to check their answers in their course book, while others will 38) stroll out slowly, relaxed and sure they have passed.

Тесты и тестируемые
Вам не нужно быть психологом, чтобы догадаться, как студенты чувствуют себя во время теста или экзамена. Просто наблюдая за языком их тела, вы можете сказать, сдадут они, или по терпят неудачу.
Как раз перед началом теста, они часто говорят глупые вещи и пытаются нервно скрыть свою нервозность. Небольшое напряжение или стресс до и во время теста нормально. Когда испытуемые получают свои задания, некоторые из них будут улыбаться себе — верный признак того, что они знают ответы. Тем не менее, если они чувствуют, что экзамен трудный, вы можете услышать, как они разочарованы или увидеть, как они раздражены, когда они хмурятся. Некоторые из них будут пытаться заглянуть быстро в тест своих соседей, а некоторые будут зевать, делая вид, что им скучно или они устали, в то время как, на самом деле, они просто ждут, когда учитель отвернется, чтобы один из их товарищей смог спокойно прошептать им ответы. Когда они заканчивают, некоторые из них немедленно выскакивают, словно они спешат проверить свои ответы в учебнике, в то время как другие выходят неторопливо, спокойные и уверенные, что они сдали.

ЕГЭ Раздел 4. Письмо

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки могут делаться прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в бланке ответов № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.

39. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes — Вы получили письмо от англоговорящего друга по переписке Тома, который пишет:

…This summer we are again going to Brighton. I wish I could go abroad to France or Spain — I have never been abroad. How do you usually spend your summer holidays? If you won a trip abroad, what country would you like to visit and what would you like to see there? How would you like to get there?
By the way, my sister is getting married in the autumn…
Write a letter to Tom.
In your letter
— answer his questions
— ask 3 questions about his sister
Write 100-140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.

Этим летом мы снова собираемся в Брайтон. Я хотел бы поехать за границу во Францию или Испанию — я никогда не был за границей. Как ты обычно проводишь свой летний отпуск? Если бы ты выиграл поездку за границу, какую страну ты хотел бы посетить и что ты хотел бы увидеть там? Как бы ты хотел туда попасть?
Кстати, моя сестра выходит замуж осенью …
Напишите письмо Тому.
В своем письме
— ответьте на его вопросы
— задайте 3 вопроса о его сестре
Напишите 100-140 слов.
Помните правила письма.

40. Comment on the following statement. – Прокомментируйте следующее утверждение.

There are no bad students — there are bad teachers. — Нет плохих учеников — есть плохие учителя.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? — Каково ваше мнение? Согласны ли вы с этим утверждением?
Write 200-250 words. — Напишите 200-250 слов.

Use the following plan — Используйте следующий план:
— make an introduction (state the problem) — введение (постановка задачи)
— express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion — выскажите свое личное мнение и дайте 2-3 причины за ваше мнение
— express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion – выразите противоположное мнение и дайте 1-2 причины для этого мнения
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion — Объясните, почему вы не согласны с противоположным мнением
— make a conclusion restating your position – сделайте вывод подтверждающий вашу позицию

Macavity’s a Mystery Cat: he’s called the Hidden Paw —

For he’s the master criminal who can defy the Law.

He’s the bafflement of Scotland Yard, the Flying Squad’s despair:

For when they reach the scene of crime – Macavity’s not there!

Macavity, Macavity, there’s no one like Macavity,

He’s broken every human law, he breaks the law of gravity.

Just brilliant. And please do share your own favourite literary cats – it’s a purrfect way to spend Friday morning…

Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами и их заголовками: к каждому тексту, обозначенному буквами А–G, подберите соответствующий заголовок, обозначенный цифрами 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

1. Activities for all tastes

2. Geographical features

3. Unstable and still growing

4. In order to protect

5. On the Red List

6. Scientific input

7. The people of the islands

8. Unique wildlife

A. The Galapagos Islands are situated to the north-west of South America, six thousand kilometers from the continent. The islands occupy the territory of about forty five thousand square kilometers. They consist of thirteen main islands and a great number of smaller ones. The largest island is Isabela. The Galapagos Islands belong to Ecuador.

B. The relief of the islands is constantly changing because of volcanic activity. In geological terms, the territory is quite ‘young’. Fields of lava still create rocks and form new islands. That is why the Galapagos Islands are called ‘a place born of fire’ and the region is still developing. Probably soon it will look different on the maps.

C. The Galapagos Islands are one of the few places in the world without a native population. The first documented trip by humans to the Galapagos Islands was in the 16th century. Another theory says that representatives of ancient Indian cultures had also made journeys there long before. For centuries, the land remained attractive for pirates. People only settled there on a permanent basis, as official residents, in the 19th century.

D. Due to its rich wildlife, the Galapagos Islands have always been attractive for visitors. Among them was the famous British scientist, Charles Darwin. He formulated his Theory of Evolution after his observations of Galapagos’ flora and fauna. Those observations helped him to explain the origin of species in other parts of the world and describe their evolution. In his memory, the Darwin Research Station was opened in the Galapagos in the 1950s.

E. The Galapagos are rich in exotic fauna. Most species of birds, the sea lion, the sea iguana and gigantic tortoises, that live over a hundred years, are not found anywhere else in the world but there. The Galapagos tortoise can weigh up to 250 kg and tourists come to the islands specially to see them. No wonder that the tortoise became the symbol of the islands. And the name of Galapagos comes from the Spanish word ‘tortoise’.

F. Tourism in the Galapagos is a fast developing industry. The number of people who come here for diving, animal watching, and exploring lava tunnels is growing each year. It is obvious that uncontrolled human activity could spoil the unique natural features. Because of this risk, the islands were declared a national park and the flow of tourists is limited.

G. The Galapagos Islands offer a kind of vacation and entertainment everyone would find unforgettable. While parents can enjoy the boat rides and beaches, children would be absolutely happy to see the blue-footed birds and amazing tortoises or to find out about pirates and hidden treasure. Hotels and sports facilities are of a high quality, though they are rather expensive.

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений 10–17 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). В поле ответа запишите одну цифру, которая соответствует номеру правильного ответа.

Books from all over the world

Ann Morgan, a modern British writer, had not read a book translated from another language before 2012. Her literature collection consisted mainly of stories and novels by British and American authors, and they were all in English of course. This was not enough to be called a cosmopolitan reader!

At the start of the New Year, Ann made a resolution to read a book from every country in the world, written by a national writer. She wanted to complete the task by the end of the coming year. She made a catalogue of the countries, the members of the United Nations. When her list came to one hundred and ninety-six items, she realized it would be practically impossible to find a book from each of these countries.

The first idea was to check the local bookshop but they only had a small range of books. So, Ann decided to ask the world’s readers for help. She created a blog called “A Year of Reading the World” and asked all the readers to suggest her titles of books from their country available in English. The responses came very fast.

Ann was greatly surprised to find out how many people wanted to share their ideas and opinions about books. Some of them posted her the books. Others spent hours looking for references and resources for her. In addition, two writers from Turkmenistan and Panama sent her unpublished English versions of their novels.

But, even with such a great team of helpers, finding foreign books translated into English was not easy. The biggest problem was the small states in Africa. They had very few written books, and instead had mostly manuscripts or even traditional performances by local storytellers. But Ann did not give up and managed to get some absolutely brilliant literary samples from the African continent.

In addition to language problems, politics disturbed her plans too. In 2011 the new country of South Sudan was founded in Africa. Ann began panicking as the half-a-year- old country had produced no books since its creation! The only chance of getting a literary sample from this country was to fly there and find a storyteller. Fortunately, a local Internet contact put Ann in touch with a Sudanese writer, who sent her a precious copy of their book.

Ann spent the whole year collecting the books, reading them and writing her blog. According to her plan, she had to read a new book in two days. As she had a job, this was not easy to do. She had to sit up at night reading until her eyes became tired.

But it was worth it! During the year of her imaginary literary journey, Ann discovered a lot about the people of the world, their lives and mentalities. She has changed her perception of the world and made lots of new friends. In her blog, Ann confessed that it had been the most interesting year of her life.

Before 2012 Ann’s personal library contained only books by British and American writers.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

For her project, Ann needed books written in their original languages, not their English versions.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

People from different countries became interested in Ann’s project.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

For her project, Ann needed books written in their original languages, not their English versions.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

Due to various reasons, Ann excluded some countries from her project.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

Ann had to fly to South Sudan to get a book from there.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

To do the project, Ann gave up her job.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

Ann did not regret that she had spent so much time on the project.

1. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. NOT STATED

Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A The Armoury is situated near the Kremlin.

B Originally the Kremlin was wooden.

C New walls and towers of red brick were built in the 15th century.

D The Trinity Gate leads to Red Square.

E The monument to Minin and Pozharsky is the oldest in Moscow.

F The monument to Alexander Pushkin is not far from the monument to Yuri Dolgoruky.

G You can watch ballets in the Maly Theatre.

Утверждение

Соответствие диалогу

Вы услышите интервью с автором детективных романов. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Which benefit of trees has not been mentioned by the speaker?
1) Protection from flooding.
2) Protection from the sun’s rays.
3) Protection from precipitation.
Ответ: .

The smell of pines in the forest is the result of trees releasing

1) oxygen.

2) carbon dioxide.

3) other gasses.

Ответ: .

Scientists want to study how
1) gasses are released by trees into the atmosphere.
2) organic compounds form tiny particles.
3) these particles influence the climate.
Ответ: .

Cloud droplets are unable to

1) absorb solar radiation.

2) reflect solar radiation.

3) scatter solar radiation.

Ответ: .

According to scientists, cloud droplets influence

1) the size of the cloud.

2) the colour of the cloud.

3) the movement of the cloud.

Ответ: .

The actual formation of the clouds is governed
1) only by the formation of cloud droplets.
2) primarily by the formation of cloud droplets.
3) by several different processes.
Ответ: .

A new way of addressing the problem of global warming is by reducing the amount of
1) greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere.
2) the sun’s radiation getting through the atmosphere.
3) the sun’s radiation reflected by the clouds.
Ответ: .

Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Exotic Pets
2. Going Back in Time
3. Small Screen Addiction
4. Body Language

5. Massive Destruction
6. Buried Treasure
7. Reason for Extinction
8. Intelligent Enemies

A. The VLT (Very Large Telescope) is the world’s largest telescope and it is taking scientists further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine, giving astronomers detailed views of events that took place in the earliest days of the cosmos. One day, we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born.

B. The latest development in the debate amongst scientists about what killed the prehistoric dinosaurs is the suggestion that acid rain was the cause. Some geologists suggest that a large meteor hitting the earth at 65 kilometres per second would have led to strongly acidic rain falling all over the world. This idea is fascinating but it would mean the dinosaurs would all have died within a very short time.

C. In 1948, a British farmer discovered an interesting lump of metal while ploughing his field. At first he thought the metal bits were parts of an old bed. Then more ‘parts of old beds’ turned up and the farmer took them to the local museum. ‘But these bits are priceless!’ exclaimed the keeper of the museum. ‘They are Iron Age jewellery and coins!’ Over the next 40 years, more and more items were found in the same field.

D. Rats may have had a bit of a hard time over the years but these days lots of people are forgetting about guinea-pigs and hamsters and are buying rats instead. Domestic rats aren’t the same as the ones that run around rubbish bins — they’re actually quite cute. They are very intelligent and can be trained like dogs. They come in different colours and — a big bonus — they will eat anything!

E. In Western cultures, people look each other in the eye during a conversation to show interest and trust, but in many Asian countries, it’s rude to look people in the eye, especially a superior such as a teacher. One of the most basic and powerful signals is when a person crosses his or her arms across the chest. This can indicate that a person is putting up an unconscious barrier between themselves and others.

F. Earthquakes happen all the time in all parts of the world but we don’t notice most of them because they are small. However, big earthquakes are really dangerous. They can make buildings fall down, set off landslides and do other deadly things. The highest death toll caused by an earthquake was in China in 1556, when at least 830,000 people died.

G. According to scientists, Americans watch more TV on average than any other nationality. In fact, many people, particularly children, sit for 35 hours or more per week glued to the box. What’s wrong with watching all that TV? Studies have linked it to everything from obesity to aggression in children not to mention that it puts your mind into a sort of sedated state. Habitual television watching, over long periods of time, has been known to cause depression, and anger.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.

The Man Booker Prize for Fiction is awarded every year for the best original full-length novel written by a writer from the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland. It aims to represent the greatest in contemporary literature and promotes the finest in fiction by rewarding the best book of the year. The prize was originally called the Booker-McConnell Prize, A ____________. However, it was better-known as simply the ‘Booker Prize’. In 2002, the Man Group became the sponsor and they chose the new name, keeping ‘Booker’.

Publishers can submit books for consideration for the prize, but the judges can also ask for books to be submitted B ____________. Firstly, the Advisory Committee gives advice if there have been any changes to the rules for the prize. Then it selects the people C ____________. The judging panel changes every year and usually a person is only a judge once.

Great efforts are made to ensure that the judging panel is balanced in terms of gender and professions within the industry. A writer, a critic, an editor and an academic are chosen along with a well-known person from wider society. However, when the panel of judges has been finalized, they are left to make their own decisions D ____________. The Man Booker judges include critics, writers and academics E ____________. The influence of the prize is so great that the winner will almost certainly see the considerable sales increase, in addition to the £50,000 F ____________. In 1992, a Booker Russian Novel Prize was introduced.

without any further interference from the prize sponsor
so as to maintain the consistent quality of the prize
who will judge the books
so as to sell them
which was the name of the company that sponsored it
that comes with the prize
they think should be included

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

‘Have you written a letter to the Froplinsons?’ asked Egbert.

‘No,’ said Janetta, with a note of tired defiance in her voice; ‘I’ve written eleven letters today expressing surprise and gratitude for sundry unmerited gifts, but I haven’t written to the Froplinsons yet.’

‘Someone will have to do it,’ said Egbert.

‘I don’t dispute the necessity, but I don’t think that someone should be me,’ said Janetta. ‘I wouldn’t mind writing a letter of angry recrimination or heartless satire to some suitable recipient. In fact, I should rather enjoy it, but I’ve come to the end of my capacity for expressing servile amiability. Eleven letters today and nine yesterday, all couched in the same strain of ecstatic thankfulness: really, you can’t expect me to sit down to another. There is such a thing as writing oneself out.’

‘I’ve written nearly as many,’ said Egbert, ‘and I’ve had my usual business correspondence to get through, too. Besides, I don’t know what it was that the Froplinsons sent us.’ ‘A William the Conqueror calendar,’ said Janetta, ‘with a quotation of one of his great thoughts for every day in the year.’

‘Impossible,’ said Egbert; ‘he didn’t have three hundred and sixty-five thoughts in the whole of his life, or, if he did, he kept them to himself.’

‘Well, it was William Wordsworth, then,’ said Janetta; ‘I know William came into it somewhere.’

‘That sounds more probable,’ said Egbert; ‘well, let’s collaborate on this letter and get it done. I’ll dictate, and you can scribble it down. ‘Dear Mrs. Froplinson, thank you and your husband so much for the very pretty calendar you sent us. It was very good of you to think of us.’ ’

‘You can’t possibly say that,’ said Janetta, laying down her pen. ‘We sent them something on the twenty-second,’ said Janetta, ‘so they simply had to think of us. There was no getting away from it.’

‘What did we send them?’ asked Egbert gloomily.

‘Bridge-markers,’ said Janetta, ‘in a cardboard case, with some inanity about ‘digging for fortune with a royal spade’ emblazoned on the cover. The moment I saw it in the shop I said to myself ‘Froplinsons’ and to the attendant ‘How much?’ When he said ‘Ninepence,’ I gave him their address, jabbed our card in, paid tenpence or elevenpence to cover the postage, and thanked heaven. With less sincerity and infinitely more trouble they eventually thanked me.’

‘The Froplinsons don’t play bridge,’ said Egbert.

‘One is not supposed to notice social deformities of that sort,’ said Janetta; ‘it wouldn’t be polite. Besides, what trouble did they take to find out whether we read Wordsworth with gladness? For all they knew or cared we might be frantically embedded in the belief that all poetry begins and ends with John Masefield, and it might infuriate or depress us to have a daily sample of Wordsworthian products flung at us.’

‘Well, let’s get on with the letter,’ said Egbert. ‘How clever of you to guess that Wordsworth is our favourite poet.’

Again Janetta laid down her pen.

‘Do you realise what that means?’ she asked; ‘a Wordsworth booklet next Christmas, and another calendar the Christmas after, with the same problem of having to write suitable letters of thankfulness. No, the best thing to do is to drop all further allusion to the calendar and switch off on to some other topic.’

‘But what other topic?’

‘Oh, something like this: ‘What do you think of the New Year Honours List? A friend of ours made such a clever remark when he read it.’ Then you can stick in any remark that comes into your head; it needn’t be clever. The Froplinsons won’t know whether it is or isn’t.’

‘We don’t even know on which side they are in politics,’ objected Egbert; ‘and anyhow you can’t suddenly dismiss the subject of the calendar. Surely there must be some intelligent remark that can be made about it.’

‘Well, we can’t think of one,’ said Janetta wearily; ‘the fact is, we’ve both written ourselves out.’

There was a long silence, the forlorn silence of those who are bereft of hope and have almost ceased to care. Then Egbert started from his seat with an air of resolution. The light of battle was in his eyes.

‘Let me come to the writing-table,’ he exclaimed; ‘I’m going to write to the editor of every enlightened and influential newspaper in the Kingdom, I’m going to suggest that there should be a sort of epistolary Truce of God during the festivities of Christmas and New Year. From the twenty-fourth of December to the third or fourth of January it shall be considered an offence against good sense and good feeling to write or expect any letter or communication that does not deal with the necessary events of the moment. Answers to invitations, arrangements about trains, renewal of club subscriptions, and, of course, all the ordinary everyday affairs of business, sickness, engaging new cooks, and so forth, these will be dealt with in the usual manner as something inevitable. But all the devastating accretions of correspondence, incident to the festive season, these should be swept away to give the season a chance of being really festive.’

‘But you would have to make some acknowledgment of presents received,’ objected Janetta; ‘otherwise people would never know whether they had arrived safely.’

‘Of course, I have thought of that,’ said Egbert; ‘every present that was sent off would be accompanied by a ticket bearing the date of dispatch and the signature of the sender, and some conventional hieroglyphic to show that it was intended to be a Christmas or New Year gift; there would be a counterfoil with space for the recipient’s name and the date of arrival, and all you would have to do would be to sign and date the counterfoil, add a conventional hieroglyphic indicating heartfelt thanks and gratified surprise, put the thing into an envelope and post it.’

‘It sounds delightfully simple,’ said Janetta wistfully, ‘but people would consider it too perfunctory.’

‘It is not a bit more perfunctory than the present system,’ said Egbert; ‘I have only the same conventional language of gratitude at my disposal with which to thank dear old Colonel Chuttle for his perfectly delicious Stilton, which we shall devour to the last morsel, and the Froplinsons for their calendar, which we shall never look at. So you see the present system of acknowledgment is just as perfunctory and conventional as the counterfoil business would be, only ten times more tiresome and brain-racking.’

‘Your plan would certainly bring the idea of a Happy Christmas a step nearer realisation,’ said Janetta. ‘Meanwhile, what am I to say to the Froplinsons?’

(Adapted from ‘Down Pens’ by H. H. Munro)

Egbert and Janetta were writing

1) application letters.
2) thank-you letters.

3) letters of recrimination.
4) letters of complaint.

Ответ: .

Egbert and Janetta didn’t want to write a letter to the Froplinsons because they
1) had both written themselves out.
2) didn’t like this couple.
3) didn’t know what the Froplinsons had sent them.
4) had a lot of work to do.
Ответ: .

Janetta liked her present to the Froplinsons because it was

1) expensive and useless.
2) cheap and useless.

3) expensive and useful.
4) cheap and useful.

Ответ: .

Janetta didn’t want to mention that Wordsworth was their favourite poet because
1) she actually didn’t like his poems.
2) her favourite poet was John Masefield.
3) the Froplinsons would send them new Wordsworth-related presents.
4) she didn’t want the Froplinsons to know the truth.
Ответ: .

Janetta considered the Froplisons to be

1) stupid.

2) clever.

3) kind.

4) mean.

Ответ: .

Egbert suggested that at Christmas people should
1) stop writing letters at all.
2) put off all the everyday affairs of business.
3) not make any acknowledgment of received presents.
4) send counterfoils instead of thank-you letters.
Ответ: .

Janetta considered a new system

1) absolutely impossible.
2) too perfunctory.

3) easy to implement.
4) totally unacceptable.

Ответ: .

Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.

Обратите внимание, что по правилам ЕГЭ ответы нужно писать без пробелов и других знаков, например, правильный ответ ‘have done’ нужно будет записать как ‘havedone’, иначе ваш ответ не засчитается.

Swimming Pools

The first heated swimming pool by Gaius Maecenas of Rome in the first century BC.

CON-
STRUCT

Swimming pools became popular in Britain in the beginning of the 19th century. By 1837, London authorities six indoor pools with diving boards.

BUILD

The surviving swimming club in the world is the Arlington Baths Club in Glasgow. It is still an active club and continues to own its original Victorian building with a large pool.

OLD

After the start of modern Olympic Games in 1896, the popularity of swimming pools off. Nowadays there are lots of different swimming pools, both public and private.

TAKE

Most enjoy swimming and swimming pools with their wave-making machines, water slides and tropical vegetation are something unique for them.

CHILD

If they could, kids to spend their entire summer in the swimming pool.

CHOOSE

However, not everyone their own backyard pool.

HAVE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

Waste Management

Waste affects our environment — everything that surrounds us including the air, water, land, plants, and man-made things. We need a healthy environment for our own health and .

HAPPY

The waste we create has to be controlled to be sure that it does not harm our environment and our health.

CAREFUL

So waste management is very important.

EFFECT

Waste reduction and recycling have a wide range of environmental benefits and promote public awareness and personal for the waste we create.

RESPON-
SIBLE

The best place to start making a is our home. Learn how you can reduce, reuse, and recycle materials to decrease household waste.

DIFFER

If we recycle what we can’t use any more, we save resources because the materials replace some of the natural resources including water and energy, which we use to make new products.

RECYCLE

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Globalization and Communication Growth

The 21st century has 32____ in a new era in man’s ongoing quest for a better life and a better world. For the first time in history, we can now claim to live in ‘One World.’ Globalization has removed many of the gaps that have existed between and among nations. While the physical divide is still present, the 33____ of the Information Highway on how we communicate and live in the present day is simply staggering. Rapid improvements in information technology have allowed us to exchange information and communicate almost everywhere, anywhere, and anytime.

Globalization, as a general term, is best understood as the spread of ideas about the environment, democracy, human rights, and less complicated issues like fashion and fads. Global exchange is now taking place as the market of ideas, culture, and beliefs expand through the use of technology. The nature of business and how it is done has also improved by 34____ and bounds because of globalization.

An example of the remarkable effects of globalization is the invention of the telephone and the television. Television has enabled young people and adults to have the ability to share cultural and ethnic experiences with others. Telephones have also greatly improved communication. Gone are the weeks and even months of waiting for a letter. Anybody can talk to anyone who has another phone 35____ of distance or location on the planet. With the aid of satellites, 3rd generation phones allow us to make a phone call, send a video, or even receive an e-mail. These 36____ in communication have revolutionized business, commerce, and even the personal lives and relationships of millions of people.

Because of the electronic media, vast amounts of important information can reach any parts of the globe in 37____ time. Business establishments, whether big or small, are using the Internet in many ways to build or expand their company’s growth. With the ever improving technology come new markets, high 38____ for products, and also greater competition. Making investments in information and communication technology is now a must for any business enterprise.

1) started

2) began

3) ushered

4) launched

Ответ: .

1) cause

2) impact

3) consequences

4) result

Ответ: .

1) bonds

2) gaps

3) jumps

4) leaps

Ответ: .

1) regardless

2) despite

3) notwithstanding

4) because

Ответ: .

1) breakbeats

2) breakdowns

3) breakouts

4) breakthroughs

Ответ: .

1) any

2) no

3) none of

4) some

Ответ: .

1) access

2) claim

3) demand

4) rise

Ответ: .

Ваш результат: пока 0.

Далее вы можете набрать еще 40 баллов. Автоматически это проверить нельзя, поэтому сделайте реалистичный прогноз о том, сколько бы вы смогли набрать баллов, и получите ваш итоговый результат ЕГЭ.

Если возник вопрос по ответу, в котором вы ошиблись, можете задать его в комментариях.

Раздел 4. ПИСЬМО

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Jessica who writes:

… By the way, we are doing a project at college on the fashion industry in different countries. It would be nice if you could tell me what clothes are popular with teenagers in Russia. Do you have any special fashion for teens? What kind of clothes do you prefer? Why?

As for me, I bought a new dress yesterday …

Write a letter to Jessica.
In your letter
— answer her questions
— ask 3 questions about her tastes in clothes
Write 100 — 140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.

За это задание вы можете получить 6 баллов максимум.

Comment on the following statement.

Lots of people enjoy celebrating holidays. However, for some people a holiday is just a day off.

What is your attitude to celebrations? Which way of celebrating holidays do you find more enjoyable?

Write 200 — 250 words.

— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give 2—3 reasons for your opinion
— express an opposing opinion and give 1—2 reasons for this opposing opinion
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
— make a conclusion restating your position

За это задание вы можете получить 14 баллов максимум.

Раздел 5. ГОВОРЕНИЕ

— За 1,5 минуты нужно подготовиться и в следующие 1,5 минуты выразительно прочитать текст вслух — 1 балл.
— Составление 5 вопросов на основе ключевых слов. На подготовку отводится 1,5 минуты, затем каждый вопрос надо сформулировать в течение 20 секунд — 5 баллов.
— 3 фотографии. Нужно выбрать 1 и описать ее по предложенному тут же в задании плану за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
— 2 картинки. Нужно сравнить их, описать сходства и различия, объяснить, почему выбранная тематика близка выпускнику, за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.

Подробности: 53998


Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4-В10 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 11 (part 1)

Russian inventions: holography

B4	Do you know what holography is? It is a technique based on lasers, which enable 3-D (three-dimensional) images to be made. (Participle II, “основанная на”, подходит по смысловому контексту)	BASE
B5	In 1962, Soviet physicist Yuri Denisyuk came up with the first reflection hologram also known as the “Denisyuk hologram”. (past simple, т.к. событие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом, в 1962.)	COME
B6	Now the technology is used in most holographic displays and it was the first to allow multi-color image reproduction in holograms. (present simple passive, т.к. технология используется, а не использует)	USE

Grey hair

B7	Johnny noticed a change in his mother’s appearance. “Mommy, some of your hairs are turning / have turned grey. Why?” the curious child asked. (present continuous, т.к. говорящий хочет сосредоточиться на процессе, становятся седыми. present perfect,т.к. говорящий сосредотачивается на результате, уже стали седые.)	TURN
B8	The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: “It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of yours shows on my hair. (твоё действие)	YOU
B9	It turns one my hairs grey!” (present simple, 3-е лицо)	TURN
B10	The child replied innocently: “Now I know why my grandmother has only grey hair on her head.” Most children are smarter than adults think. (степень сравнения)	SMART

n01 n02 n03 n04 n05 n06 n07 n08 n10 n11 n12 n13 n14 n15 n16 n17 n18 n19 n20

Источник

“I meant,” said Ipslore bitterly, “what is there in this world that truly makes living worthwhile?”
Death thought about it.
‘CATS, he said eventually. CATS ARE NICE!’

Terry Pratchett, Sourcery

Catwoman with every fictional cat ever, from The Mary Sue
Why Cats Are Ousting Dogs In Literature from The Telegraph
Something they don’t tell you about pet ownership, from Persephone Magazine
“Your Affectionate Pussy”: Hilarious and Charming 19th Century Animal Books from Studies In Crap
Cats Improve Everything, Including Famous Paintings from The Mary Sue
10 Excellent Bookstore Cats from Mental Floss
Why Do Cats Run The Internet? A Scientific Explanation from Perry Stein.
A Herringbone Newsboy Cap Made Just for Cats from Laughing Squid
10 Excellent Bookstore Cats from Mental Floss
Tumblr Blog – Cat Scientists of the 1960s with, you guessed it, pictures of scientists with cats for heads.
Cats in Clothes from BF
Literary Pet Names: Feline Edition from Book Riot
Cats leave their mark on centuries of books from The Guardian
Literary Pets: The Cats, Dogs, and Birds Famous Authors Loved from Brain Pickings
More pictures of cats, somehow adjacent to books from Buzz Feed

Источник

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Lots of fun in Cardiff

As you would expect of a capital city, Cardiff offers a huge choice of exciting sport and entertainment throughout the year.

Every March the city celebrates St. David, Wales’ patron saint, with parades and music. August sees the International Festival of Street Entertainment, with the heart of the city A _________________________. Family fun days in the parks and at the waterfront are part of this sensational summer scene. Brass and military bands are often to be seen on Cardiff s streets. Between May and October the world’s only seagoing paddle steamer cruises from Cardiff’s seaside resort.

In autumn the fun continues with Cardiff s Festival of the Arts В _________________________. Music is at the centre of the festival, with international stars С _________________________. Christmas in Cardiff is full of colour and festivities. The truly spectacular Christmas illuminations have earned Cardiff the title of «Christmas City». And there is entertainment for all the family, D _________________________.

There is always something happening in Cardiff. The BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Welsh National Opera can both be heard here. Cardiff previews many London «West End» shows E _________________________.

The city’s range of accommodation facilities is truly impressive, F _________________________. And with a city as compact as Cardiff there are places to stay in all price brackets.

1.  from international names to family-run guest houses

2.  joining some of Wales’ most talented musicians

3.  having their summer holidays in Cardiff

4.  that usually attract hundreds of theatre lovers

5.  which features music, film, literature and graphics

6.  from pantomimes to Christmas tree celebrations

7.  beating with dance and theatrical performances

Пропуск	A	B	C	D	E	F
Часть предложения

Источник

Тест №01 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык (Ответ)

Honesty is the best policy

B4	To learn more about her students, my younger brother’s teacher sent home a lengthy questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. There were a lot of questions about this and that. (past simple, были, мн.ч. oт was )	BE
B5	She asked them about their likes and dislikes and about many other things. (их)	THEY
B6	She asked what they would think about their school in twenty years’ time. (reported speech, при переходе из прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)	THINK
B7	I was 6 years older than my brother but some questions seemed very difficult even to me. (степень сравнения)	OLD
B8	I couldn’t / could not answer them offhand. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	NOT CAN
B9	The worst question, in my opinion, was the one relating to their self-image: ‘When you look in a mirror, what do you see?’ (превосходная степень)	BAD
B10	But my ten-year-old brother had no trouble with his answer: ‘Myself, and everything behind me.’ (за мной)	I

Тест №02 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Where did the Olympic Games come from?

B4	There are many different stories about the beginning of the Olympics. One myth says that Zeus himself started the Games. Athletic games were held as an important part of many religious festivals in ancient Greek culture. (past simple passive, игры проводились)	HOLD
B5	Olympia was one of the oldest religious centers in the ancient Greek world. (степень сравнения)	OLD
B6	The most impressive sight at Olympia was the gold and ivory statue of Zeus. (степень сравнения)	IMPRESSIVE
B7	The statue was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This explains why Olympiawas chosen as the site for the most important athletic competition. (past simple passive, Олимпия была выбрана)	CHOOSE
B8	Some athletes travelled hundreds of miles, from colonies. These colonies were as far away as modern Spain, Egypt, Ukraine and Turkey. Any freeborn Greek (a man or a boy)could take part in the Olympics.	CAN
B9	Women did not compete, they were also barred from attending the games, under penalty of death. Unmarried girls were allowed to attend. (could–прошедшая форма от can)	WOMAN
B10	Unlike the modern Olympics, judges did not come/ didn’t come from all over the world, but were drawn from Elis, the local region which included Olympia. (past simple, действие происходило тогда, в далёком прошлом)	NOT COME

Тест №03 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Albert Schweitzer, a Nobel Peace Prize Winner

B4	Albert Schweitzer is known throughout the world for his missionary work in Africa. He was born on January 14, 1875 in Alsace, which was part of Germany and later Part of France after World War I. (степень сравнения)	LATE
B5	He was a talented person. By the age of thirty, he was known as an author, a lecturer, and a musician. (past simple passive, он был известен)	KNOW
B6	It was at this time that he learned of the great need of medical doctors in Africa. He decided to become a doctor of medicine. In 1913, Doctor Schweitzer and his wife left for Africa. (past simple, прошедшая форма от leave)	LEAVE
B7	The morning after the Schweitzers arrived, they started to treat their patients in an old farmhouse. However, a new hospital buildingwas built with the help and the trust of African people. (past simple passive, т.к. новая больница была построена, а не построила что-то сама)	BUILD
B8	Their work was interrupted by World War I Only in 1924, Dr. Schweitzer was finally able to return to Lambarene to rebuild the hospital. When Mrs. Schweitzer came back to Africa in 1929, the hospital was much larger. (степень сравнения)	LARGE
B9	There was a growing staff of doctors and nurses. In 1953 Dr. Schweitzer was given the Nobel Peace Prize. (past simple passive, т.к. ему была дана премия, а не он дал )	GIVE
B10	He was grateful, but said, ‘No man has the right to pretend that he has worked enough for the cause of peace or declare himself satisfied.’ (present perfect, обратите внимание, что это цитата. Тесты построены по принципу, что необходимо выбрать наиболее подходящий вариант. В подобных высказываниях делается акцент на результат. Человек уже работает и будет еще работать)	WORK

Тест №04 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Gymnastics

B4	Modern world of sports knows many kinds of gymnastics. One of them, rhythmic gymnasticsgrew out of modern gymnastics and the Swedish system of free exercise in the 19-th century. (past simple, действие произошло тогда, в прошлом. grow — grew)	GROW
B5	It was called ‘aesthetic gymnastics’ as the students could express feelings and emotions through body movement. It combined elements of ballet, gymnastics, and theatrical dance. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	CAN
B6	Young women exercised to music, moving from simple calisthenics to more energetic activities. A growing number of men are participating in this kind of sport now. (ед. — мн. число, woman – ед.ч. women-мн.ч.)	WOMAN
B7	In the 1880s in Switzerland various exercises to music were created. They were designed to give grace of movement, and a much betterpose. (степень сравнения)	GOOD
B8	A degree of difficulty for each movement was developed by the European Sport Association after the World War I. So all the elements were graded accordingly. (past simple passive, она была разработана, а не разработала что-то сама)	DEVELOP
B9	In 1906 rhythmic gymnastics was introduced to North America, but the sport didn’t gain /did not gain much popularity. (past simple, событие произошло в опредёленное время в прошлом)	NOT GAIN
B10	Ten European countries took part in the first world championship, held in 1973 in Budapest, Hungary. The United States did not begin competing in the biennial world championship until 1973. (past simple, событие произошло в опредёленное время в прошлом)	TAKE

Тест №05 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The History of Man

How long has man been on earth? Let us travel 5,000 years into the past. We are in the days before man learned to write. Recorded historyhasn’t begun / has not begun yet.
(present perfect, т.к. мы перемещаемся в прошлое. Также перемещается и точка отсчета. Мы в 3000 году до нашей эры и запись истории еще не началась)

NOT BEGIN

Yet there are people, about five million of them, living on all five continents.

(живущие)

LIVE

The earliest true human being, Homo sapiens, appeared in Europe more than 50,000 years ago.
(степень сравнения)

EARLY

Greek myths: Daedalus

B7	Daedalus was a brilliant architect and inventor of ancient Greece. He was so brilliant that King Minos of Grete kept him as a prisoner. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло тогда, в прошлом)	KEEP
B8	The King didn’t want / did not want to let him go back to his home in Athens. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время, в прошлом)	NOT WANT
B9	Daedalus lived with his son Icarus in a tower of the palace, and King Minos made him invent weapons of war that would make his army and navy even more powerful than they already were. (степень сравнения)	POWERFUL
B10	Although Daedalus and Icarus had every comfort, they longed to return home to Athens. Daedalus looked at the sea, and he realised that even if they managed to slip out of the tower and find a little boat, they world not be able to sail far. One of King Minos’sseamen would spot and catch them very soon. (seaman – ед.ч. seamen – мн.ч. )	SEAMAN

Тест №06 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Pizza

B4	The evolution of pizza was quite long and many cultures contributed to it. Let us have a glimpse of its history. (позволим «нам»)	WE
B5	Women of ancient Egypt, Greece and later Rome had recipes similar to modern ones. (woman – ед.ч., women – мн.ч.)	WOMAN
B6	The Egyptians had a tradition to celebrate the Pharaoh’s birthday with flat loaves lookingvery much like our modern pizza. (которые выглядят, выглядевшие)	LOOK
B7	The word ‘pizza’ appeared in printing at the end of the 10th century for the first time. (первый раз)	ONE
B8	A remarkable event took place in June 1889. The Italian queen Margarita was staying in her summer palace in Naples. It was her birthday and the owner of a very popular pizzeria cooked a special kind of pizza for her. He named it ‘Margarita’. It was the best way to make this pizza famous all over the world. (good–better-the best)	GOOD
B9	Now pizza is cooked with tomatoes. However, when tomatoes appeared in Europe they were grown as an ornamental plant. (present simple passive, общее утверждение)	COOK
B10	For a long time people could not / couldn’tbelieve that tomatoes were edible. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	NOT CAN

Тест №07 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The largest snowfall in decades

B4	This week’s snowfall in Brazil is one of the largest in decades. As snow on the ground is not a very common landscape in a so-called tropical country, everybody felt excited when they saw streets in snow. (past simple, т.к. мы говорим об определённом времени в прошлом feel-felt)	FEEL
B5	In the cities by the sea people are used to spending the summer sun bathing. They were surprised very much when they saw snow covering the city. (past simple passive, т.к. они были убеждены, а не они убедили)	SURPRISE
B6	It was not / wasn’t long before social media became loaded with pictures of white fields and roads, and snowmen. (past simple, т.к. этобыловпрошлом be-was/were-been)	NOT BE

Flood in Santa Claus’ home

B7	The usual images of the North Pole are impressive ice sheets, but scenes from a webcam there reveal a different story. Meteorologists have reported that temperatures in early July were one to three degrees Celsius higher than the year’s average over most of the Arctic Ocean. (степень сравнения)	HIGH
B8	Thanks to rapidly melting ice, Santa Claus nowhas his own swimming pool. The North Pole is currently a lake, Canada.com reports. (3-е лицо have-has)	HAVE
B9	The lake is about a foot deep, consistingentirely of the melted ice itself. It shows a dramatic change is the Arctic climate. (состоящая)	CONSIST
B10	In fact, a pool of melted water has formed at the North Pole every year now since 2002. The mythical home of Santa Claus has been officially flooded! (present perfect, т.к. он начал формироваться и до сих пор формируется)	FORM

Тест №08 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Why do the Chinese call the Yellow River in China “China’s Sorrow”?

B4	The Huang He, or Yellow River, in China is called “China’s Sorrow” by the Chinese themselves. Since long ago, flooding has beena serious problem. (present perfect, т.к. с тех пор и до сих пор)	BE
B5	The worst, most sorrowful flood on record happened in 1931. (bad – worse — the worst)	BAD
B6	The waters began to rise in July, and by November of that year, more than 40,000 square miles had been flooded, leaving 80 million people homeless. (оставляя)	LEAVE

A rabbit and a tortoise

B7	Once there lived a rabbit and a tortoise. The rabbit challenged the tortoise to have a race with him. The tortoise agreed and they started the race. (с ним)	HE
B8	The rabbit ran faster than the tortoise, and in a few minutes he was near the crossing line. He couldn’t see the tortoise, so he decided to rest for a while till the tortoise arrived and then he would quickly cross the line. (степень сравнения)	FAST
B9	The rabbit lay down under a tree and soon he was asleep. When he awoke, he saw that the tortoise had crossed / was crossing the line. (past perfect, он увидел, что черепаха пересекла линию до того, как он проснулся. past continues, он увидел, что черепаха пересекала линию в тот момент, когда он просыпался)	CROSS
B10	The tortoise won the match, showing that it’s more important to be steady and active than to be fast. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)	WIN

Тест №09 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

New Zealand: geography

B4	New Zealand consists of two main islands and a number of smaller islands so scattered that they range from the tropical to the Antarctic. New Zealand is located about 2,012 km southeast of Australia. (present simple passive)	LOCATE
B5	The two main islands are the North Island and the South Island, separated by Cook Strait. The North Island is 829 km long and volcanic in its south-central part. (разделённые)	SEPARATE
B6	South Island has the Southern Alps along its west coast, with Mount Cook being thehighest point. Other inhabited islands include Stewart Island, the Chatham Islands, and Great Barrier Island. (степень сравнения)	HIGH

Enough is enough

B7	A woman came to President Abraham Lincoln and told him with a commanding air: “Mr. President, you must make my son a general. Sir, I demand it not as a favor, but as a right. My grandfather fought at Lexington. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время в прошлом.)	FIGHT
B8	My father was the only man who did not run /didn’t run away at Bladensburg. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённое время в прошлом.)	NOT RUN
B9	My husband was killed at Monterrey.” (past simple passive, он был убит, а не убил)	KILL
B10	“I guess, madam,” said Lincoln, “your familyhas done / have done enough for the country. It is time to give somebody else a chance.” (present perfect, т.к. цитата. Твоя семья сделала “уже” достаточно, есть результат)	DO

Тест №10 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Does it ever snow in Brazil?

B4	During winter and sometimes even autumn and spring it snows in some cities of southern Brazil. There are several cities known for their snow, like Urupema and Urubici. (известные)	KNOW
B5	These cities are all in high areas, but even places at sea level can have snow, although in small amounts and not every year. (they — are)	BE
B6	Brazil is thought to be a “tropical paradise” which is very wrong. Foreigners who travel to southern Brazil during autumn or winter in search for some heat and beaches are often disappointed. (present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. О Бразилии думают, а не Бразилия думает)	THINK

The North Pole is melting

B7	Do you know how the global warming affects the Arctic? A survey by the Japan Agency for Science and Technology shows that Arctic ice is melting at a far quicker rate than anticipated. Today Arctic ice is melting at previously unseen rates. (степень сравнения)	QUICK
B8	The coastal ice in parts of Canada and Alaska has become quite brittle. Ice easily breaks away in large pieces and melts in the open ocean. Now there is also less sea ice in the Arctic Ocean. (степень сравнения)	LITTLE
B9	It happens because ice floats/has floatedinto the Atlantic Ocean. (present simple, лёд плывет в Атлантический океан – общее утверждение. present perfect, автор хочет показать, что лёд плывет в Атлантический океан, и уже есть результат)	FLOAT
B10	Scientists say that the lack of ice represents clear proof that the planet is warming. Back in the past it could take three years to get through the waterway’s thick ice successfully, now — just a few weeks. (present continues, т.к. это изменение, развитие. Планета постепенно нагревается)	WARM

Тест №11 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Russian inventions: holography

B4	Do you know what holography is? It is a technique based on lasers, which enable 3-D (three-dimensional) images to be made. (основанная на)	BASE
B5	In 1962, Soviet physicist Yuri Denisyuk cameup with the first reflection hologram also known as the “Denisyuk hologram”. (past simple, т.к. событие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом, в 1962.)	COME
B6	Now the technology is used in most holographic displays and it was the first to allow multi-color image reproduction in holograms. (present simple passive, т.к. технология используется, а не использует)	USE

Grey hair

B7	Johnny noticed a change in his mother’s appearance. “Mommy, some of your hairs are turning / have turned grey. Why?” the curious child asked. (present continuous, т.к. говорящий хочет сосредоточиться на процессе, становятся седыми. present perfect,т.к. говорящий сосредотачивается на результате, уже стали седые.)	TURN
B8	The mother tried to use this occasion to teach her child: “It is because of you, dear. Every bad action of yours shows on my hair. (твоё действие)	YOU
B9	It turns one my hairs grey!” (present simple, 3-е лицо)	TURN
B10	The child replied innocently: “Now I know why my grandmother has only grey hair on her head.” Most children are smarter than adults think. (степень сравнения)	SMART

Тест №12 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A cup of coffee

B4	Once I was travelling in Italy. It was a lovely day. I wandered along the street until I came upon some parasol-shaded tables which seemed to me very nice. I settled and opened my book. (мне)	I
B5	It was taking a long time for the waiter to arrive, but I was in no hurry. I was sure that the waiter would come soon. (reported speech, т.к. мы переходим из прошлого в будущее.)	COME
B6	But finally, becoming impatient, I turned to signal for service and saw the neon sign. That was the worst moment … I discovered that I was sitting outside a store selling garden furniture. (bad – worse — the worst)	BAD

The Great Wall of China

B7	The Great Wall of China runs for 6,700 kilometers from east to west of China. It is one of the greatest wonders of the world. (степень сравнения	GREAT
B8	The Great Wall was built in order to protect the country form different aggressors. (past simple passive, т.к. стена была построена, а не сама построила что-то)	BUILD
B9	The construction of the Wall began in the 6thcentury BC and lasted until the 16th century AD. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)	BEGIN
B10	Since then, the Great Wall of China has become a Symbol of wisdom and bravery of the Chinese people and a monument to Chinese nation for many hundreds of years. (present perfect, т.к. действие началось в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор)	BECOME

Тест №13 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A phone call

B4	Among the e-mails waiting for me at work one morning was one from a member of my staff. It was sent from his personal e-mail address and there was only his home phone number. Thinking something was wrong, I immediately called him. (ему)	HE
B5	A sleepy female voice answered and told me he was at work and would come home late in the evening. (reported speech, при переходе из прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)	COME
B6	The worst moment was when I remembered that I had recently asked staff members to give me their home numbers. I went right down to the employee’s office to apologize for my call. (bad – worse — the worst)	BAD
B7	Later, however, he thanked me. I had awakened his daughter, who had an exam that morning but had forgotten to set her alarm. Thanks to my call, she hadn’t missed the exam. (степень сравнения)	LATE

March 8 in Russia

B8	In English-speaking countries they celebrate Valentine’s Day and Mother’s Day. In Russia we celebrate the International Women’s Day. Though it is called ‘International’, it is observed only in Russia and some CIS countries. (present simple passive, т.к. это называется, а не само называет)	CALL
B9	Boys and men bring flowers and small presents to girls and women they work or study with. (man – ед.ч. men – мн.ч.)	MAN
B10	It has become a tradition for husbands to do all house work on that day. There are many jokes about it being the only day of the year when they do this. (present perfect, т.к. действие началось в прошлом, и продолжается до настоящего)	BECOME

Тест №14 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Singing in the car

B4	My elder brother likes all kinds of music. He prefers jazz but also listens to pop music and sometimes goes to classical music concerts. But when driving me in his car, he insists on listening to heavy-metal music. (меня)	I
B5	For a long time I couldn’t/could notunderstand why he was doing it. (can – настоящее время, could – прошедшее время)	NOT CAN
B6	He knew very well that for me it was theworst kind of music. (bad – worse — the worst)	BAD
B7	One day I decided to ask him why he always chose this type while driving. “Well, sister,” he reluctantly replied, “to be frank, it’s mainly so you can’t sing along.” He added that he would listen to anything else if only I promised not to sing along. (reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)	LISTEN

St. Patrick’s Day, March 17

B8	St. Patrick is the patron saint of Ireland. On March 17 there is a great celebration with the major parade in Dublin and smaller parades all over Ireland. In New York the first St.Patrick’s Day celebration took place in 1762. (первый)	ONE
B9	On March 15, 1992 St. Patrick’s Day was celebrated in Moscow. Thousands of delighted Muscovites gathered at Novy Arbat to watch the parade of marching bands, Cossack horsemen and floats of Russian and Irish companies. (past simple passive, т.к. этот день празднуется, а не он сам что-то празднует)	CELEBRATE
B10	Since then, St. Patrick’s Day parades have been held in Moscow every year. (present perfect passive, т.к. действие началось в прошлом и продолжается по сей день)	HOLD

Тест №15 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Excuses, excuses…

B4	For years my husband, Tom, and I had complained bitterly about the lack of sidewalks in our village. We didn’t have enough exercise but we couldn’t / could not jog because there were no sidewalks. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	NOT CAN
B5	Tom had often told me, «If only we had sidewalks, we would jog or walk daily and become models of fitness». (мне)	I
B6	So we were thrilled when a community sidewalk project was announced, and watched eagerly as paving neared completion. Then theworst thing happened: wishful thinking and reality collided. (bad – worse — the worst)	BAD
B7	«Well, dear,» Tom said. «What’ll we use as an excuse for not walking now?» I said I would think of some excuse. (reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)	THINK

Memorial Day

B8	In the USA, Memorial Day is the last Monday in May. Memorial Day was declared a national holiday in 1971. (past simple passive, т.к. этот день был провозглашён, а не сам что-то провозгласил)	DECLARE
B9	But the tradition of honoring those who died in defense of their country goes back to the Civil War. The tradition to hold memorial services, visit the cemeteries, decorate the graves with flowers and wreaths originated in Waterloo, New York, in 1866. (их)	THEY
B10	Since then, the tradition has changed. Nowadays, on Memorial Day Americans honor not only soldiers who perished in wars but those loved ones who have died. (present perfect, т.к. традиция изменилась и остается изменённой до сих пор)	CHANGE

Тест №16 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

As old as a brontosaurus

B4	As we walked around the Prehistoric Park in Calgary, I had my six- year-old son, Jordie, pose for a picture with a brontosaurus in the background. After I took the photo, I couldn’t/ could not help crying. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	NOT CAN
B5	«What’s wrong, Моm?» Jordie asked. I explained that when I was his age, my parents had taken my picture standing in exactly the same spot, and I was feeling rather nostalgic. I added that perhaps one day he would takehis son’s picture here. (reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)	TAKE
B6	Puzzled, he looked several times from the brontosaurus to me. (мне)	I
B7	And then came the worst moment of my life. My son said, «But … when you were a girl … it was alive then, right?» (bad – worse — the worst)	BAD

Victory Day

B8	On this day, Russia celebrates the victory over Nazi Germany and honours 20 million Soviet people who died in the war. May 9 was chosen, since on the night of the 8th/9th of 1945, the Nazi Germany surrendered to the Soviet Union and the Allies in Berlin. (past simple passive, т.к. этот день был выбран, а не сам что-то выбрал)	CHOOSE
B9	In Russia, almost every family has at least one person who took part in the war. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)	TAKE
B10	Older citizens who did not fight during the war worked in factories to make weapons, which was not easier than fighting. They, too, are honoured on Victory Day. (степень сравнения)	EASY

Тест №17 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

A Smart Boy

B4	Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the same office. Their wives were good friends. One day Mr. Jones invited Mr. Brown to a small party. (wife – ед.число, wives – мн.ч.)	WIFE
B5	Mr. Brown went into the other room and telephoned. He was surprised very much by his telephone conversation. (past simple passive, он был удивлён, а не он удивил кого-то)	SURPRISE
B6	When he came back Mr. Jones asked him, “Have you spoken to your wife already?” “No, she wasn’t/was not there when I phoned. My small son answered the phone. I asked him, “Is your mother there?” And he said, “She is somewhere outside”. (past simple, т.к. действие произошло в определённый момент в прошлом)	NOT BE
B7	“Why is she outside?” I asked. “She is lookingfor me”, he answered. (present continues, т.к. действие происходит в настоящий для говорящего момент)	LOOK

Maslenitsa

B8	Have you ever celebrated Maslenitsa? It is one of the most popular festivals in Russia. It signals the end of winter and welcomes the coming of spring. (степень сравнения)	POPULAR
B9	Russian pancakes — blini — are very important in the celebration of Maslenitsa. Blini are eaten with jam, sour cream, and of course, lots of butter. (present simple passive, т.к. это общее утверждение. Также, блины едят, а не сами блины едят кого-то)	EAT
B10	Warm, round, and golden — blini are the symbol of the sun! Ancient Russians actually believed that when eating a pancake, theywere getting a part of the Sun’s life energy. (past continues, т.к. это параллельное действие, когда они ели, они получали)	GET

Тест №18 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Natural Wonders: Meteor Crater

B4	Some of the natural wonders are known for their beauty. The Meteor Crater is not one of them. It looks like a big hole in the desert. Itwas caused by a meteorite hitting the earth thousands of years ago. (past simple passive, т.к. метеоритный удар по земле послужил причиной, а не большая дыра в земле послужила причиной )	CAUSE
B5	The crater is 4,145 feet across, and 570 feet deep. It is the largest impact crater in the entire world. (степень сравнения)	LARGE
B6	When Europeans discovered it in 1871, theythought it was the top of a volcano. (past simple, т.к. говорится об определенном событии в прошлом)	THINK
B7	Since then, scientists have explored/have been exploring the crater for many years, but there are still many secrets and mysteries hiding inside it. (present perfect, т.к. говорящий хочет акцентировать внимание на результате. Исследование началось с какого-то момента в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор. present perfect continues, т.к. говорящий хочет акцентировать внимание больше на процессе, который начался в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор. )	EXPLORE

It was simple

B8	One day last summer my nine-year-old daughter went off to the camp. All her thingswere packed in a small bag. (past simple passive, т.к. её вещи были упакованы, а не сами упаковали ч.л.)	PACK
B9	Two weeks later, Anna came back home and I unpacked her things. Everything was clean and well folded. “Camp sure has changed you. Your things look much better than usual.” (степень сравнения)	GOOD
B10	“It was simple, Mom,” she answered. “I didn’t unpack. Many children did the same.” (child – ед.ч, children – мн.ч.)	CHILD

Тест №19 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Climate of Russia

B4	Russia has a varied climate. Almost all of Russia is situated in the North Temperature Zone. (present simple passive, т.к. она находится, а не она расположила)	SITUATE
B5	The climate is continental; however, the fluctuations in temperature are greater than in other European countries. (степень сравнения)	GREAT
B6	The extreme north is a cold bare region — the tundra. For more than six months it is buriedin snow. (present simple passive, т.к. она находится, а не она расположила)	BURY
B7	This region can be called the land offrozen rivers. (замёрзший)	FREEZE
B8	In May the temperature begins to rise. The gloomy night is succeeded by continuous daylight, when the sun does not sink/doesn’tsink below the horizon for several months. (present simple, т.к. это общее утверждение. это происходит всегда, регулярно.)	NOT SINK
B9	The better part of Russia is not influenced by the warm winds of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There are no mountains in the north to form a barrier against the cold windsblowing from the Arctic Ocean. (дующий)	BLOW
B10	The extreme west of Russia has a temperate climate. Thus, the summers in the Baltic are cool and the winters mild. If we go further/farther east, the climate will become more continental. (степень сравнения)	FAR

Тест №20 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

Who really discovered America?

B4	Everybody knows that Christopher Columbus discovered America. Was he really the first to reach the continent? The great Norwegian explorer Thor Heyerdal believed that ancient people were able to build boats that couldcross oceans. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	CAN
B5	То test his ideas, Heyerdal decided to build a copy of the ancient Egyptian boat and sail across the Atlantic. On May 25, 1969 the boat called Ra left a port in Morocco and headed across the widest part of the Atlantic. (степень сравнения)	WIDE
B6	On May 17, 1970 Ra successfully crossed the Atlantic, proving that ancient civilizations had enough skill to reach America long before Columbus. (доказывая)	PROVE

Greek myths: Apollo and Cassandra

B7	In ancient Greece there were many temples built for Apollo. He was the god of youth, beauty, music and poetry. Besides, Apollo had one very special skill — he could see the future. One day Apollo came to the temple in Troy. Among other women he saw Cassandra, a young and beautiful priestess, who worked at the temple. (woman – ед.ч., women – мн.ч.)	WOMAN
B8	Apollo was impressed by her grace. (past simple passive, т.к. он был впечатлён, а не он впечатлил)	IMPRESS
B9	The minute Apollo saw Cassandra, he fell in love. It was love at first sight. Apollo offered her a deal. He would give Cassandra the gift of being able to see the future, if she gave him a kiss. Cassandra agreed. (past simple, т.к. это случилось тогда, в определённый момент в прошлом, fall-fell-fallen)	FALL
B10	With a laugh, Apollo gave her the gift,dreaming about the reward. Instantly, Cassandra could see the future. She saw Apollo, in the future, helping to destroy Troy. (мечтая)	DREAM

Тест №21 по ЕГЭ. Английский язык

The Emperor’s Seed

B4	Once there lived an old emperor who had no children. He couldn’t /could not choose his successor for a long time. (could – прошедшая форма от can)	NOT CAN
B5	Then he called all the young people in the kingdom together and said, «I’ll give each one of you a seed today. I want you to go home, plant it, water it and come back here one year from today with what you have grown from this one seed.» A boy named Ling also got a seed. He came home and told his mother that he would grow the best plant. (reported speech, при переходе их прошлого в будущее will меняется на would)	GROW
B6	She helped him plant the seed. Every day he watered it but nothing grew. (ему)	HE
B7	A year passed and Ling took his empty pot to the palace while all the rest brought some beautiful plants. The emperor said, «Lying is the worst thing in the world. I gave you all spoilt seeds. Nothing grows from spoilt seeds.» So Ling became the new emperor. (bad–worse-the worst)	BAD

Roald Dahl

B8	Roald Dahl, a famous British writer, was Norwegian by birth. Dahl was named after the Polar explorer Roald Amundsen, a national hero in Norway at the time. During the Second World War Dahl served in the Royal Air Force as a fighter pilot. (past simple passive, т.к. он был назван, а не он назвал к.л.)	NAME
B9	Dahl became well-known in 1940s with works for both children and adults. (child – ед.число, children – мн.число)	CHILD
B10	One of his highly popular tales was ‘Charlie and the Chocolate Factory’. Since 1945 his books have been published in almost 50 languages. (present perfect passive, т.к. действие началось в прошлом, и не закончилось до сих пор.)	PUBLISH

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