European union citizens have the right to live and work in other member егэ ответы

Задание №6978.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A — F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 — 7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя.

Language and mobility

European Union citizens have the right to live and work in other member states besides their home country. The European Union (EU) makes it possible for people to go where the jobs are. Knowing other languages is the key to real mobility in the EU, ___ (A) across the continent.

Learning the local language is not only the key to getting a job in another country, ___ (B). This often provides a whole new perspective on what it is to be European and on what the EU is creating jointly. The national histories and cultural heritage of the different countries may differ, ___ (C). Being able to speak to one another raises awareness of what people have in common and at the same time increases mutual respect for cultural differences.

A study undertaken for the European Commission shows ___ (D) through a lack of language skills. This is particularly the case for small and mediumsized enterprises ___ (E). According to the study, nearly 1 million firms have lost contracts with potential clients in other EU countries because of language barriers. The study also emphasizes the necessity of multilingualism for winning business in world markets. Multilingualism itself is an economic growth sector. In this context, English is the key language, ___ (F).

1. it also creates a bridge to the culture of the local people
2. that EU firms can lose business opportunities
3. but the EU’s collective objectives for the future are closely in tune
4. that are failing to use export opportunities in other EU countries
5. employing native speakers to work in export markets worldwide
6. but the study also stresses the importance of Chinese, Arabic and Russian
7. enabling all EU citizens to take advantage of job and travel opportunities

Решение:
Пропуску A соответствует часть текста под номером 7.
Пропуску B соответствует часть текста под номером 1.
Пропуску C соответствует часть текста под номером 3.
Пропуску D соответствует часть текста под номером 2.
Пропуску E соответствует часть текста под номером 4.
Пропуску F соответствует часть текста под номером 6.

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Источник: ЕГЭ. Английский язык: типовые экзаменационные варианты. Под ред. М.В. Вербицкой

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Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

Promoting language learning
The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate with each other. It does so by A_____________________ to promote the teaching and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often three or more, EU countries.
The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national education policy, B_____________________. What the EU programmes do is to create links between countries and regions via joint projects, C_____________________.
Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant languages, D_____________________. There are national information centres in each country, E_____________________.
The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and subtitling of European films for F _____________________. The “Culture” programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern authors into other EU languages.

1. and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners
2. which includes language teaching and learning
3. cinemas and television in other EU countries
4. which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning
5. funding a number of educational programmes
6. and encouraging people to learn new languages
7. where details about the application procedures are given

EU citizens exercising their right to free movement do not need a residence
card but family members who are not EU citizens may need one.

If they wish to, your spouse, civil partner and children also have the right
to work without restriction in your country of employment. You and your family
members have the right to the same social benefits as citizens of the host
member state. This includes the right to access education and benefits.

Members of your family who come from a non-EU country may be asked for an
entry visa by the country you are working in. This visa is granted quite easily
and should be free of charge.

Access to employment

You can work under the same conditions as citizens of the country where you
are looking for work. You cannot be asked to meet any additional requirements.
This means that you can apply for any job vacancy advertised in any EU country,
including public sector jobs. However, certain public service posts may be
restricted to citizens of a particular country if the job involves safeguarding
public order or the interests of the state, for example, the armed forces and
police.

Recognition of qualifications in the EU

The EU has set up systems
for recognising diplomas and training so you can use your training and
skills in another EU country. The basic principle is that if you are qualified
to exercise a profession in your home country, you are qualified to exercise
the same profession in any other EU country.

Professional qualifications

A general system of recognition
of qualifications to work in most regulated professions is in place across
the EU. If you wish to work in a profession (as a teacher, lawyer, engineer or
psychologist, for example) that is regulated in the country of employment, you
must apply for recognition of your qualifications in that country. The
authorities have 4 months in which to reply. If they consider that your
training is significantly different in terms of duration or content from the
training in the host country, you may be asked to get either additional
professional experience, or to take a training course or to take an aptitude
test.

If you are a doctor, a general nurse, a dentist, a midwife, a vet, a
pharmacist or an architect, your national qualifications are in principle
recognised automatically.

If your profession is not regulated in the country in which you wish to
work, formal recognition of your qualifications is not needed.

Looking for a job in the EU

The EURES network
was established by the European Commission to help European citizens looking
for work in another country in the EU/EEA. EURES has a network of advisers,
known as EURES advisers, who can give you general practical information on
legislation, social security, living conditions, useful addresses, information
on pay levels, taxes, contracts, recruitment practices, and other
information.

EURES advisors have access to the EURES job vacancies database with
vacancies in the EU/EEA. If you are interested in working or seeking work
within the EU/EEA, you should make an appointment with your nearest EURES
advisor. Contact your
nearest employment services office or Intreo
centre for more information.

You can also access the EURES job vacancies
database yourself from the EURES site. Each vacancy in the database is
provided with contact details at the bottom of the page.

If you are unemployed, you have the right to live in another EU country for
a «reasonable period» of time in order to look for a job. In the absence of a
definition of «reasonable period», most EU countries are now operating a
6-month period, though some EU countries are still operating a 3-month period.

However, no matter how long it takes you to find a job, you cannot be asked
to leave the country if you can prove that you are genuinely looking for a job
and that you have a real chance of finding one. For example, if you still have
interviews or tests to attend.

You can register at employment agencies and centres without being resident
in the country in which you wish to work and you will be given the same help to
find work as nationals of that country.

Transferring your unemployment benefit

If you are getting unemployment benefit in one member state, you
may continue to get the payment from that same country for up to 13 weeks after
you move to another member state. You must have been getting the payment
for at least 4 weeks before you can transfer it to another country.

If you apply
to transfer your benefit it will be paid directly to you. You must still
register with the employment services of the country where you have gone to
look for work within a week. Also you may transfer your benefit more than once
while you are unemployed provided you do not exceed the maximum period of 13
weeks. If you do not find work, you must return to the first country within 3
months, otherwise you lose your right to unemployment benefit.

If you are leaving Ireland to move to Northern Ireland or Britain your
Social Welfare Local Office will issue you with the Form U2 (formerly Form
E303) which you take to the UK social services. If you are moving to another EU
country, the Department of Social Protection will send the U2 form to your new
address in that EU country.

Employment rights

All EU nationals working in another EU country have the right to live there.
You do not need a residence permit. You have the same working conditions as
citizens of the country you are working in, including pay, dismissal, hours of
work, discrimination, maternity leave and health and safety at work.

Social security

The basic aim
of EU policy is to ensure that you are part of a social security system and
that you do not lose your rights, regardless of the member state you decide to
work in.

In principle, you are insured for social security purposes in the country
you work in. You, and in certain circumstances, your family are entitled to the
same social security benefits as citizens of the country in which you work.
These rights cover sickness and maternity benefits, disability, old-age and
survivor’s benefits, benefits for accidents at work, occupational illness,
death and unemployment, as well as family allowances. You have to pay the same
level of contributions as host country citizens. You cannot be excluded from
benefits on grounds of nationality, for reasons of residence, or for any other
discriminatory reason.

You can find more information in, Leaving
Ireland and your social security entitlements.

Taxes

If you live and work in another member state, you are likely to become
«resident for tax purposes» there. Each country has its own definition of tax
residence. You must comply with the laws of the country you are resident in.
You may be liable for taxation in more than one country. In general, you are
subject to income tax in the country you live in but this may not be the case
if you are a “posted worker” – see below. In general, property is taxed
in the country in which it is situated but, again, there are variations.

Tax agreements intended to avoid double taxation if you get income from
different countries are in place between most of the member states of the
EU.

In general, national fiscal rules must respect the fundamental principle of
non-discrimination against nationals of another EU country.

Workers posted to another EU country

You have certain specific rights if you are a
posted worker, which means that you work for a limited period of time in a
member state that is not the one where you normally work. If you are posted for
more than a month, your employer must inform you in writing, before you leave,
of your pay and working conditions while you are abroad.

You usually remain affiliated to the social security system of your country
of origin. You may pay income tax in that country as well but the situation
varies between member states. You can find
out more about social security for posted workers or find more
information on Posted Workers below.

Freedom to provide services