I graduated with academic honours without ever meeting егэ текст

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Text 1: Read the following text carefully and then do Task A and Task B.

The real experience of an online-only university student

Adapted from: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/blogs/real-experience-online-

only-university-studentRainesford Stauffer

0. Online-only learning is on the rise among students – and blogger Rainesford Stauffer

explains how studying online gave her the flexibility to work and study.

1. I graduated with academic honours without ever meeting my professors, embarking on an

all-nighter with classmates and, technically, never having gone to a class at all. I was an

online-only student, and as online degree programmes grow in popularity, my past three years

of study were a crash-course in the unique challenges of learning online, as well as a glimpse

into what the future of higher education might look like.

2. My school day looked very different than most: rather than loading up my backpack and

heading to class, I would wake up, eat breakfast while doing my first round of schoolwork for

the day, and spend a few hours finishing assignments. Then, I’d head off to work, maybe

tucking in a study session during lunch before wrapping up homework or preparing for exams

in the evening. Saturday and Sunday became two of my busiest school days and I became an

expert at working everywhere from my desk to the car.

3. Some of my most vivid undergraduate memories were of completing a term paper on the

floor backstage at the ballet performance I was managing, and stumbling home after a full day

of work to begin school that evening. Just like traditional universities, I had papers, exams,

and grades – only, there were no office hours and no such thing as sick days. Enrolment in

online learning programmes has grown over the past few years, with more than a quarter of

students enrolled in at least one online course. But too many misconceptions still persist

around the experience of being an online-only student – for example, that an online degree

doesn’t carry the same level of prestige as a traditional one. By contrast, online learning

enabled me to hone skills such as self-motivation and time management that ultimately made

me a better student, and later, a more prepared young adult.

4. Autumn Steed, a professional dancer who just began an online degree programme in

kinesiology at California Baptist University, agrees that there are differences between

traditional university time management, and the commitment required to study online: “you

attend an in-person class for a select period of time in which you are entirely focused on that

subject,” she says. “In an online programme, you must be able to self-motivate and manage

multiple courses in the limited time that you are able to provide for yourself.”

5. Oliver Till, who is studying for a BA in business and environment at The Open University,

observes that “it is very easy, when studying at home, for little things to chip away at the time

you have set aside.” He points out the necessity of “making sure those closest to you

understand the commitment and choice you have made”.

6. With no set class hours, an online student defines their own schedule, a significant reason

why so many working students are drawn to online degree programmes. Steed believes that

this actually helps her education. “For someone who enjoys working at their own pace,

independent higher education seems like the ideal fit. Although online study may eliminate the

social aspect of in-person education, it can counter that loss through the ability to increase

personal productivity,” she says.

Task A: (2.5 points) Choose the correct option according to the text.

Example: (Paragraph 1) Rainesford Stauffer says she

a) graduated without meeting her teachers in person.

b) studied late into the night.

c) found online courses to be risky. Answer: a

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UNIT 1

MY STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY

CHOOSING A CAREER

Discuss the following questions in pairs:

Have you already made up your mind what you want to be?

Do you know what skills you need for the job?

Vocabulary Drill

Ex. 1. Arrange the following words in the appropriate groups.

Lawyer Architect Librarian Refuse collector Carpenter Engineer Tailor/dres smaker Plumber Hairdresser/barber

Firefighter Builder Cleaner Mechanic Vet Police officer Chef Designer Electrician

Dentist Priest Physiotherapist Accountant Civil servant Farmer Child-minder Scientist

Jobs      that      require considerable training and / or qualification	Trades   (skilled  manual jobs) requiring on-the-job and other training	Unskilled jobs

b) jobs suitable for men and those for women.

Calculate your score: Total A answers_______ Total B answers________ Ignore all C answers.

A = Caring B = Influencing 0-4 very slight interest 5-12 average interest 13+ strong interest

If you have more A than B answers, you are more interested in caring for people than influencing them. If you have more B answers, you are interested in influencing people.

C. Do the results of the test coincide with what you at first thought?

1. I began this (учебный год) as a student of Grodno State Univer­sity. 2. It was only ago that I (сдал свой последний экзамен). 3. I (сдал экзамены) successfully and (был принят) to the university. 4. Then the (декан) of the Faculty took the floor. 5. He spoke about the subjects we were to study and various (кафедрах) of the faculty. 6. He expressed hope that we should attend all the (лекции, семинары, практические). 7. Each year we must (представлять курсовую работу) to our scientific adviser and (делать доклады) in class on different themes. 8. In June, for instance, I will (готовиться к экзамену) in ar­chaeology, ancient history. 9. Our English teacher says we must (работать над языком) very hard.

Ex 3. Answer the questions:

1. What can students do in the canteen?

2. Do you attend your lectures? What do you do at them?

3. What are students supposed to do at the seminar?

4. You often work at the library, don’t you? Describe how you work there.

5. Why can students fail in an examination?  

Use the prompts:

to be admitted to to read for to attend to make to present  to pass to take to fail

classes lectures seminars tutorials a report on the university an examination notes of a course-paper

Make up your own sentences with the expressions.

Ex 6. Make the right choice:

to take (exams), to pass (exams)

1. They say the History of Sociology is very difficult. Do you think you’ll … ?

2. I … my driving test first time.

3. I had to … my driving test three times before I finally ….

4. I … the entrance exams successfully and was admitted to the university.

5. How many times did you have to … this credit?

6. You can … a credit only five times, then you’re going to be expelled.

7. My folk say if I … my exams successfully, they’ll buy me a car.

to take (notes), to make (notes)

1. … a note of how much money you spend.

2. She … good notes of everything that’s said in class.

3. Did you … notes of the lecture? — Certainly. I missed the lecture, but I copied up the notes.

4. Are you prepared for the seminar? — I read the book and … some notes.

Ex. 7. Insert the correct preposition:

1. Tomorrow there’ll be a lecture … the Sociology of Culture.

2. Who is going to lecture … Applied Statistics in Sociology?

3. When are we going to have a seminar … Methods of Teaching Sociology — Next week.

4. I passed the exams well and was admitted … this faculty.

5. How many students failed … the test?

6. Each year we must present a course paper to our scientific ad­viser and make reports … historical themes.

7. It’s a very tough job to read … exams. It’s much easier to pre­pare … exams.

8. The majority of students got satisfactory marks … the test.

9. What do you usually do … the lectures ? — We take notes . them. 

Hallo! It’s nice to see you. (I am) glad to meet you. How are you? причина Молодец! Не стыдно? Так тебе и надо! to be well by the way I wonder why. a roommate a classmate No wonder. Good for him! to get through one’s exam I was most fortunate  For shame!  It serves you right.  reason  to be frank with you  in general  You don’t say so!

вообще откровенно говоря Не может быть! (Что вы говорите!) Мне очень повезло. выдержать экзамен Неудивительно. товарищ по группе товарищ по комнате Интересно (знать), почему. между прочим быть здоровым, хорошо себя чувствовать Как поживаете? Рад тебя (вас) видеть. Привет!

Dialogue 1 

Ex 2. Read the following dialogue and say between whom the conversation is taking place: 

— Hallo, Bob! Glad to meet you? 

— Hallo, Pete. It’s nice to see you. How are you? 

— Thank you. Fine. Hope you are well too. By the way, I saw Vic­tor, your roommate, this morning. He looks very happy. I wonder why. 

— No wonder. He did well in his exams. 

— Good for him! And what about you? Did you get through? 

— No, I was most unfortunate. I failed in history. 

— Failed? You don’t say so. What’s the reason? 

— To be frank with you, I missed lectures rather often and some­times didn’t attend seminars. In general I didn’t work hard enough. 

— For shame! It serves you right. It’ll be a good lesson for you. 

Ex 3. Fill in the gaps and translate the expressions in brackets: 

— Hallo, Mike! … to meet you 

— It’s nice to … you, too. How … you? 

— Thank you. Fine. Hope you are … too. By……. , I saw your (товарища по комнате) the other day. He looks very happy. I wonder why. 

— … wonder. He did well … his exams. 

— Good … him! And what about you? Did you get … ? 

— No, I … in maths. 

— You don’t say so! What’s the …? 

Ex 2. Guess the meanings of the following words: 

Junior — having a low rank in an organisation or profession: a ju­nior student. 

Senior — having a higher position or rank: a senior lecturer, a se­nior student. 

Associate professor — a professor at an American university whose job is above the level of assistant professor and below the level of full professor. 

Assistant professor — the lowest rank of professor at an American university. 

Timetable — a list of the times of classes in a school, college, etc. 

Curriculum — the subjects that are taught by a school, college etc, or the things that are studied in a particular subject 

To play truant — to stay away from classes without permission. 

To cheat — to behave in an dishonest way, especially in an exami­nation. 

A crib — a book giving a translation or answers to questions, often used dishonestly by students. 

To cram — to prepare yourself for an examination by learning a lot of information very quickly. 

A postgraduate — someone who is studying after graduating from the university. 

An undergraduate — a student. 

To graduate with honours — to finish the university at a level that is higher than the most basic level. 

Graduation dissertation — a long research work that you do to grad­uate from the higher educational establishment. 

Finals — the exams that students are supposed to take at the end of their studies. 

Note that postgraduates often study for: an MA (Master of Arts), (I’m doing a Masters in English) or an MSc (Master of Science) (She did a Masters in biology) or a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) (He’s got a PhD in computer science).

Ex 3. Choose the right word: 

1. (Full-time, part-time) students have their classes two months a year. 2. (An applicant, an undergraduate) is a person who is taking his or her entrance exams. 3. (A postgraduate, an undergraduate) is some­one who is studying for their high academic degree. 4. (A monitor, a tutor) usually hands out student membership cards. 5. To be admitted to the library you need a (a student record book, a library card). 6. Fresh­men are (junior, senior) students. 7. If you missed the lecture, it means that you (attended it, played truant). 8. If a person has only excellent marks in his or her record book, it means that he or she is going to (be expelled, graduate with honours). 9. If you cram while reading up for an exam, it means that you (learn everything thoroughly, make cribs). 

Ex 4. Study the following example of the appropriate transla­tion of sentences with the pronoun one in the function of the subject: 

One never knows what his answer may be. — Никогда не знаешь, что он ответит. 

One should be careful when crossing the street. — Следует быть осторожным при переходе через улицу. 

Suggest your own variant of translation of the following sen­tences: 

One must always keep one’s word. 

One must never cross the street when the traffic lights are red. 

Read the text and say what subject the author has chosen to major in. 

The merry-go-round of college life is something that one never forgets. It’s a fascinating, fantastic, fabulous experience, irrespective of the fact whether one is a full-time or a part-time student. 

Who can forget the first day at the university when one turns from an applicant who has passed entrance exams into a first-year student? I did it! I entered, I got in to the university! A solemn ceremony in front of the university building and serious people making speeches. Hey, lad, do you happen to know who they are? Who? The rector, vice-rectors, deans, subdeans… and what about those ladies? Heads of departments and sen­ior lecturers? Okay. Some of them must be professors, some — associate or assistant professors, but, of course, all of them have high academic degrees. And where are our lecturers and tutors? Oh, how nice… 

The monitors hand out student membership cards, student record books and library cards — one feels like a real person. First celebrations and then days of hard work. So many classes, so many new subjects to put on the timetable! The curriculum seems to be developed especially for geniuses. Lectures, seminars and tutorials. Home preparations; a real avalanche of homework! 

If one can not cope with the work load of college he or she imme­diately starts lagging behind. It is easier to keep pace with the programme than to catch up with it later. Everyone tries hard to be, or at least to look, diligent. First tests and examination sessions. The first successes and first failures. «I have passed!» or «He has not given me a pass!» Tears and smiles. And a long-awaited vacation. 

The merry-go-round runs faster. Assignments, written reproduc­tions, compositions, synopses, papers. Translations checked up and marked. «Professor, 1 have never played truant, I had a good excuse for missing classes.» Works handed in and handed out. Reading up for ex­ams. «No, professor, I have never cheated — no cribs. I just crammed.» 

Junior students become senior. Still all of them are one family -undergraduates. Students’ parties in the students’ club. Meeting people and parting with people. You know, Nora is going to be expelled and Dora is going to graduate with honours. Yearly essays, graduation dis­sertations, finals… 

What? A teacher’s certificate? You mean, I’ve got a degree in Eng­lish? I am happy! It is over! It is over…Is it over? Oh, no… 

A postgraduate course, a thesis, an oral, and a degree in Philology. The first of September. Where are the students of the faculty of foreign languages? Is it the English department? Oh, how nice… 

the History of Sociology the Introduction into Sociology Applied Statistics in Sociology the Sociology of Marriage and Family Methods of Sociological Research the Sociology of Governing the Sociology of Labour the Sociology of Education Sociological National Schools the Sociology of Mass Media and communication Methods of Teaching Sociology the Sociology of the Personality the Sociology of Science the Sociology of Politics the Sociology of Economics the Sociology of Conflict the Sociology of Youngsters Theoretical Sociology the Sociology of Advertising the Sociology of Culture Gender Sociology the Sociology of Public Relations the Sociology of the City the Sociology of the Cinema

Социология образования Социология культуры Гендерная социология Социология Public Relations Социология города Социология кино Социология образования Методология и методы социол. исслед. Социология личности Методика преподавания социологии Социология науки Социология политики Социология экономики Введение в социологию Социология молодежи Социология рекламы Социология культуры Социология управления Социология труда Социологические национальные школы Социология СМИ и коммуникаций История социологии Прикладная статистика в социологии Социология конфликта

Ex. 4. Divide the titles of the subjects mentioned above into two columns (those with the definite article and those with no article) and explain the usage of articles before the names of subjects.

Ex. 5. Get acquainted with the university syllabus and say what subjects you are going to study in the course of your studies: 

Ex 6. Make up an oral presentation university. Make use of the following plan. 

1. Introduce yourself. 

2. Say a few words about your university: say what it is called, speak about its faculties and their specializations.

3. Speak about your entrance exams. Say how well you passed them.

4. Describe your first day at the university.

5. Speak about your studies at the university (how they are organ­ized, what subjects you study etc.).

6. Say what future perspectives the profession of a sociologist pro­vides you with (what kind of science sociology is, what kind of profes­sion/job it is, what opportunities it gives you).

Here is the list of words you have learnt so far:

an academic session (year)	to make a report (on)
a college	to read (prepare) for an exam
studies	to get an excellent (good, satisfactory
Dean	bad) mark in (for)
the Dean’s office	after (before) classes
a lecture (on)	classes finish (are over)
to lecture (in)	to work at (one’s English, history,
a lecturer	a problem)
a lecture room	to make/take notes (of)
a term (semester)	to do one’s homework (lessons)
a term (course)-paper	in class
a credit-test	Hallo!
a theme	It’s nice to see you.
archaeology	(I am) glad to meet you.
sources and literature	How are you?
a department	to be well
a foreign language	by the way
a gym	I wonder why.
a hostel (dormitory)	a roommate
a canteen	a classmate
to take (pass) an examination (in)	No wonder.
to be admitted to	Good for him!
to fail (in) the examination	to get through one’s exam
to attend classes (lectures, seminars, tutorials)	I was most fortunate
a seminar (on/in)	You don’t say so!
to miss classes	For shame!
to have a history class (a Latin class)	It serves you right.
to present a course (term)-paper	reason
to be frank with you	A crib
in general	To cram
normally (generally)	A postgraduate
a hot dish	To graduate with honours
juice	Graduation dissertation
to be hungry	To play truant
to be thirsty	the History of Sociology
to have a bite	Applied Statistics in Sociology
to take something for (breakfast)	the Introduction into Sociology
A full-time student	the Sociology of Marriage and Family
a monitor	the Sociology of Education
an applicant	Methods of Sociological Research
A part-time student	the Sociology of Governing
a student membership card	the Sociology of Labour
a high academic degree	Theoretical Sociology
Entrance exams	Sociological National Schools
a student record book	the Sociology of the Cinema
a rector	Methods of Teaching Sociology
a vice-rector	the Sociology of the Personality
A professor	the Sociology of Science
a student library card	the Sociology of Politics
a dean	the Sociology of Economics
a subdean	the Sociology of Conflict
Junior	the Sociology of Youngsters
Senior	the Sociology of Advertising
Associate professor	the Sociology of Culture
Assistant professor	Gender Sociology
Timetable	the Sociology of Public Relations
Curriculum	the Sociology of the City
To cheat	the Sociology of Mass Media and
Finals	communication

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Present Forms

A.

I. The verb «to be» in the Present Simple Tense

Ex. 1. Put in am, is or are.

1. The sky is very blue today. 2. I______not tired. 3. This shelf________very heavy. 4. These shelves______ very heavy. 5. The child______ sleep. 6. Look! This______ Mabel. 7. I______ cold. Can you shut the window, please? 8. The castle_______ one thousand years old. 9. My brother and I________good tennis players. 10. Amy_____ at home but her parents_____ in church. 11. I______ a student. 12. My sister_______ an archeologist.

Ex 2. Write full sentences. Use am / is / are each time.

1. (my grandparents / very old) My grandparents are very old.

2. (my desk / very comfortable) ____________________________

3. (your spectacles/ in your bag)____________________________

4. (I / not very clever today)      ____________________________

5. (this house/ very expensive)   ____________________________

6. (the shops / not open today)   ____________________________

7. (Mr. Wren’s grandson / six years old)_______________________

8. (the houses in this street/ very big)   _______________________

9. (the examination / not difficult)__________________________

10. (those flowers / very beautiful)__________________________

Ex 3. Write positive or negative sentences. Use am /am not / is / isn’t / are / aren’t.

1. (Brussels…the capital of Belgium) Brussels is the capital of Belgium.

2. (I…interested in hockey) I’m not interested in hockey.

3. (I.. .angry)____________________________

4. (It…cold today)________________________

5. (The Hague…in Switzerland)______________

6. (I…afraid of dogs)______________________

7. (My hands…dirty)_______________________

8. (Russia…a very big country)_______________

9. (The Amur…in Europe)___________________

10. (Diamonds…cheap)____________________

11. (Motor-racing… a dangerous sport)__________

12. (Squirrels…big animals)__________________

Ex 4. Write questions with What/ Who / How / Where / Why…? Use am / is /are.

1. (What colour your house?) What colour is your house?

2. (Where my key?)________________________________ ?

3. (Where my trousers?)_____________________________ ?

4. (How old your grandmother?)_______________________ ?

5. (What colour his hair?)____________________________ ?

6. (How much these shoes?)__________________________ ?

7. (Who your favourite actor?)________________________ ?

8. (Why you always late?)____________________________ ?

Ex 5. Ask questions. (Read the answers to the questions first)

1. (his name?) What’s his name?

Robert.

2. (single or married?) Are you single or married?

I’m single.

3. (British?) ________________________________

No, I’m not.

4. (where / from?)  ___________________________

From Australia.

5. (how old?)________________________________

I’m 18.

6. (a student?)_______________________________

No, I’m a secretary.

7. (your mother a teacher?)____________________

No, she’s a lawyer.

8. (where/from?)_____________________________

She’s Italian.

9. (her name?)______________________________

Rachel.

10. (how old?)______________________________

She’s 40.

II. The verb «to have» in the Present Simple Tense.

Ex 1. Put in have got (‘ve got), has got (‘s got), haven’t got or hasn’t got.

1. They like flowers. They_____ a lot of roses in their garden.

2. Jane_______ a car. She goes everywhere by bicycle.

3. Everybody likes Tom. He_____ a lot of friends.

4. Mr. and Mrs. Eastwood_____ two children, a boy and a girl.

5. An insect______ six legs.

6. I can’t open the door. I________ a key.

7. Quick! Hurry! We________ much time.

8. «What’s wrong?» — «I_________ something in my eye».

9. Ben doesn’t read much. He________ many books.

10. It’s a nice town. It_______ a very nice shopping centre.

11. Mother is going to the dentist. She________ toothache.

12. «Where’s my newspaper?» — «I don’t know. I__________ it».

13. Julia wants to go on holiday but she_________ any money.

14. I’m not going to work today. I_________ a bad cold.

Ex. 2. Write questions.

1. (you/ a bicycle?) Have you got a bicycle?

2. (you/ a VCR?)_______________________

3. (your father/a car?)___________________

4. (Carol/many friends?)_________________

5. (Mr. and Mrs. Lewis/any children?)________

6. (how much money/you?)_______________

7. (what kind of car/John?)________________

III. The Simple Present Tense. Ex 1. Write the he/she/it forms.

Ex.1. Write the he/she/it forms. 

catch	run	stand	drink	write	push
come	cook	fetch	fix	watch	miss
read	touch	live	smoke	wish	start

+ -s comes___________________________________

+ -es catches___________________________________

Ex. 2. Write the following sentences in the 3rd person singular.

1. I think I am ill. 2. They often visit their granny. 3. We live in Leeds. 4. You usually speak too quickly. 5. Do you like boiled potatoes? 6. Good animals always obey their masters. 7. The boys box in the gym­nasium on Fridays. 8. His dogs always attack the neighbours. 9. Heavy trucks make a lot of noise. 

10. I achieve good results on the basis of his method. 

Do you know all these question words? 

what when where who why how how much how many what time

What do you think? (not What think you?) Where does Lucy live? (not Where lives Lucy?) 

How much does this cost? (not How much this costs?) 

What time does the train leave? (not What time the train leaves?) 

Ex. 6. Choose the correct subject. 

Pattern: How much does the ticket cost? (the ticket /the tickets 

1. Where do____________ live? (your daughter /your children)

2. What time does__________ start? (the lesson / the lessons)

3. What do________ want? (you / the girl)

4. When does_________ finish? (the holidays / the holiday)

5. Why do________ talk so fast? (that woman / those women)

6. What do__________ think of the new boss? (you / she) 

Ex 7. Make questions. 

Pattern: Where / she live? Where does she live? 

1. What / you want?_________________________

2. What / this word mean?_____________________

3. What time / the film start?____________________

4. How much / those shoes cost?_________________

5. Why / she need money?_____________________

6. How / this camera work?____________________

7. Where / you buy your meat?__________________

8. Who / you want to see?______________________ 

Be careful when questions have long subjects — the word order does not change. 

Where does Ann live? 

Where does your other sister live?

Where does your sister’s old English teacher live?

(not Where lives your sister’s old English teacher? or Where docs live your...) 

Ex 8. Make questions. 

Pattern: The President and his wife live in Madrid, Where do the President and his wife live? 

1. Peter and Ann’s children play football on Saturdays.

When________________    

2. The film about skiing in New Zealand starts at 8.00.

What time__________________            

3. The second word in the first sentence means ‘kind’.

What_________________        

4. The man in the flat downstairs wants to change his job.

Why_________________

5. A ticket for Saturday’s concert costs €15.

How much_______________              

B. 

Ex 1. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Indefinite. 

1. Oscar Wilde and Bernard Shaw (be) the most witty British writers.

2. Fishermen often (tell) tales about their catches.

3. Their children (go) to a private school.

4. Little Amanda (collect) all sorts of toy-pigs.

5. My father (like) a lot of milk in his tea and a few lumps of sugar.

6. Anything that he (say) (be) worth listening to.

7. We usually (spend) our holidays in Spain.

8. My English friends (live) in a nice house that (stand) on a hill that (overlook) lake Winder-mere which (be) in the Lake District.

9. What this sentence (mean)?

10. I (live) in Tver, which (be) my native town.

11. My brother (sing) in Italian opera.

12. My sister (have) a good appetite and she always (eat) heartily.

13. Let’s go outside. It (be) terribly hot in the house.

14. What you (see) over there?

15. In England the traffic (keep) to the left but on the Continent it (keep) to the right.

16. This map (be) the largest that we (have).

17. They often (come) to see me in my town house.

18. The twittering of birds in the trees in spring (be) a pleasant sound.

Ex. 2. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form. 

Pattern: The lecture begins at 10 o’clock. 

How many languages do you speak (you/speak)?

1. What time___________ (the museums/open) in St. — Petersburg?

2. I have a bike but I____________________ (not/use) it very often.

3. How many cups of tea________________ (you/drink) a day?

4. «What______________ (you/do)?» — «I am a chemical engineer».

5. «Where (your father/come) from?» — «He (come) from Minsk».

6. If you need help, why___________________ (you/not/ask) for it?

7. I________________ (play) the guitar, but I (not/play) very well.

8. I don’t understand the word «maintain». What «main-tain»____________ (mean)?

Ex 3. Expand the following into sentences in order to make true statements with doesn’t or don’t where necessary. 

Pattern: Water boils at 100 °C.

Rice doesn’t grow on trees.

1) water / boil / at 100 °C. 

2) nice / grow / on trees. 

3) chicks / hatch / from eggs 

4) kangaroos / live / in Spain 

5) plants / need / water to grow 

6) rain / fall / from clouds 

7) astronauts / travel / in submarines 

cows / lay / eggs 

9) pandas / live / in Italy 

10) elephants / eat / meat 

11) fish / walk / on land 

12) the sun / set / in the east 

13) bees / give milk 

14) caterpillars / turn / into butterflies 

15) wool / come / from sheep

Ex. 4. This time you have to read some sentences and correct them. The English is correct but the information is wrong. Write two correct sentences each time.

Pattern: The sun goes round the earth. The sun doesn’t go round the earth. The earth goes round the sun.

1. The sun rises in the west.______________________________

2. Mice catch cats._____________________________________

3. Carpenters make things from metal.______________________

4. The River Amazon flows into the Pacific Ocean._____________

Ex 5. Now you have to use these sentences to make questions. Begin your question with the word(s) in brackets. 

Pattern: Tom plays tennis. (How often?) How often does Tom play tennis? 

I get up in the morning. (What time/usually?) What time do you usually get up?

1. Ann watches television. (How often?)_____________________

2. I write to my parents. (How often?)_______________________

3. I have dinner in the evening? (What time/usually?)____________

4. Tom works. (Where?)__________________________________

5. I go to the cinema. (How often?)__________________________

6. People do stupid things. (Why?)__________________________

7. The car breaks down. (How often?)_______________________

Present Continuous

A.

Ex. 1. Make present progressive sentences.

Pattern: Ann / read / the newspaper? Ann is reading the newspaper.

1. The baby / cry / again.____________________

2. It / snow / again._________________________

3. You / look / very beautiful today.____________

4. Your coffee / get / cold.____________________

5. I / play / a lot of football this year.____________

6. We / wait / for a phone call.______________________________

7. Chris and Helen / spend / a week in France._________________

8. The students / make an experiment.______________________

9. John / interview the subjects._____________________________

10. They / watch the testing process._________________________

11. Mary /solve a problem._______________________________

12. She / register the students’ answers._______________________

13. The student / copy the experimental data.__________________

14. The subject / perform a task.___________________________

15. The scientist / compare the data._________________________

16. He / investigate sense-data._____________________________

Ex 2. Make present continuous negative sentences.

Pattern: Mother is talking on the phone. (sleep) She isn’t sleeping.

1. John is standing. (lie down)           __________________________

2. Father is shaving. (wash)               __________________________

3. The boys are playing. (fight)         __________________________

4. We are dancing. (jump)                 __________________________

5. They are speaking. (shout)            __________________________

6. Mary is running. (walk)                  __________________________

7. I am eating. (drink)                      __________________________

8. The teacher is speaking. (read)_____________________________

Ex 3. Answer the questions using the words in brackets.

Pattern: Are you drawing? (write a story) — No. I’m not. I’m writ­ing a story.

1. Is he writing a letter? (watch television)_______________________

2. Are you reading Byron’s poems? (learn them by heart)___________

3. Is Dad smoking in his study? (read a newspaper)________________

4. Are they listening to the radio? (talk with a friend)_______________

5. Are you hurrying to work? (go home)________________________

6. Is Joan playing the piano? (listen to a concert)_________________

7. Are you working at your essay? (write a film script)______________

8. Is she washing up? (cook)_________________________________

Ex. 4. Answer the questions using the words in brackets.

1. Is Jerry very busy just now? (finish his work)___________________

2. Are the students very busy just now? (perform a task)____________

3. Is Susan very busy just now? (have breakfast)_________________

4. Are the Greens very busy just now? (shop)____________________

5. Is Miss Black very busy just now? (sew)______________________

6. Is Jane very busy just now? (wash up)________________________

7. Is Henry very busy just now? (skate)_________________________

8. Are the girls very busy just now? (rehearse)____________________

Ex. 5. Complete the text with verbs from the boxes.

 

And Mrs. Alexander ►is coming down the steps of the plane now. It is very cold and it 1)____________ heavily, but she 2)___________ very happy. She 3)___________ a dark blue dress with a black coat and boots, but she 4)_________ a hat. She really is a very beautiful woman. Her husband 5)__________ down the steps with her.

 

Now Mrs. Alexander and her husband 6)___________at the crowd and smiling. The photographers 7)________ to get nearer, but the police are 8)____________ them. What a day! At last, after twenty years, this wonderful woman 9) to her own country. Now the President 10)________ her hand. What 11)________ he________ to her, do you think?

Present Continuous vs. Present Simple

A-B. 

Ex 1. Say whether the underlined verbs are right. Correct those which are wrong. 

Pattern:  I don’t go there often. RIGHT. 

Please don’t interrupt. He talks sense. WRONG — is talking

1. Look! Someone is coming up to the back door.____________

2. Do you talk about my book? I hope you like it.____________

3. Are you believing in ghosts?___________________________

4. Listen! Somebody tries to start the car.__________________

5. He always goes there in the springtime.___________________

6. I’m thinking he is a good chap.__________________________

7. The people are worried that the traffic is increasing._________

8. We’re usually going to Hampton by train.__________________

Ex 2. Put the verbs in brackets into Present Indefinite and Present Continuous. 

I. 

1. Mr. Smith (teach) us at present. He (substitute) for Mr. Reese, who (be) our regular teacher.

2. «I (go) to visit Peter tonight. He (leave) tomorrow morning». -«He (come) back the same day?» — «I (not/know)».

3. John often (stay) in a hotel when he (come) to town, but tonight he (stay) with us.

4. The fourth class always (meet) on the 18th floor, but our class (meet) on the 17th floor. However, since they (paint) our regular class­room now, we (go) to meet in the club-room today.

5. «Nick (leave) today». — «What train he (take) for his journey?» -«He (catch) the 5.50 train».

6. The mechanic (repair) my car today. So I must go to work by the underground.

7. «You/write) him tonight?» — «Yes, I always (write) him on his birthday. You (want) to send any message?» — «Certainly».

8. John (say) he (leave) for Chicago on the fifteenth.

9. I (go) to the seaside on my holiday. 

10. My brother (come) to see me next week.

11. Whenever I (call) at the Smiths’ home, they (play) cards. I really (think) they (play) every night. 

12. Jack (make) at least ten spelling errors in every lesson.

II. 

1. A. Where (be) Andrew? 

B. He (smoke) on the terrace. 

A. I (think) he (smoke) too much. 

B. Yes, he (be) a chain-smoker. 

2. A. What (be) this music? 

B. It (be) Ann. She (play) the piano. 

3. A. You (come) with us? 

B. I’d love to come. Where you (go)? 

A. We (drive) to the Lake District. 

B. You (take) the children along? 

A. No, we (leave) them with our parents. 

B. You (mind) if I (bring) my dog? 

A. No. 

4. A. Mike (come) tonight? 

B. No, he (work) hard at present. 

A. What he (do)? 

B. He (read up) for his examinations. 

A. But it (be) Saturday. I (be) sure he (not/go) to take his examination on Sunday. 

B. No, but he (say) he (meet) his girl-friend on Sunday, and the examination (be) on Monday, so he (have) only tonight for his studies.

Ex 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present continuous or the present simple. 

1. A: Where’s James? 

B: He is/’s playing (play) football in the garden right now.

2. A: Bill (dance) very well.

B: Yes, he’s a good singer, too.

3. A: Lucy is very busy. 

B: Yes. She (work) very hard these days.

4. A: What (you/do) on Saturdays?

В: I clean the house and go shopping.

5. A: Why (you/pack) your suitcase? 

B: Because I (fly) to Paris tomorrow morning.

6. A: Fred (not/know) how to swim.

B: That’s because he’s only three.

7. A: Max looks very fit. 

B: Yes. He (take) a lot of exercise these days.

Ex 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present continuous or the present simple. 

Charlie Foster 1) works (work) at a bakery. He 2)_____________ (always/get up) very early because he 3)____________ (start) work at four o’clock every morning. Charlie 4)_________ (not/be) at work this morning. At the moment he 5)_____ (pack) a suitcase because he 6)_______ (go) on holiday today. Charlie 7)__________ (sing) to himself. He’s very happy. Right now he 8)_________________ (look for) his aeroplane tickets. Where are they? He can’t find them. There they are; under his bed! Charlie 9) _______ (call) a taxi now. His plane 10)____________ (leave) in an hour. Where 11)_______ (leave) (Charlie/go)? To Hawaii!

Ex 5. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present continuous or the present simple. 

Dear Martin, 

How are you and Sally? I 1) hope (hope) you’re well. I 2)___________ (write) to give you some good news. I have got a summer job for the holidays! 3)________ (repair) telephone lines for a telephone company. I 4)_______ (usually/ride) my bicycle to work because it’s only a ten minute ride from home. We 5)___________ (start) work at 8:30. We 6) ______ (finish) at 4:30 on Mondays to Thursdays, but at 2:30 on Fridays, so I 7)________ (have) long weekends. I 8)__________ (work) very hard at the moment. To tell you the truth, I 9)_________ (be) a bit nervous because my boss 10)__________ (leave) for Scotland on business next week, so I’ll be on my own. Lizzie says I 11)____________ (worry) about it too much. She’s probably right!

Ex 6. Correct the mistakes.

1. Steve goes fishing tomorrow.

2. Rebecca wash her hair every day.

3. I am visiting my grandparents every week.

4. Tim doesn’t wants to do his homework.

5. He sits on the floor at the moment.

6. Do you watch TV in the evenings always?

7. Sarah is drinking coffee every morning.

8. They don’t go usually on holiday in May.

9. Does she work late? No, she does never.

10. Peter looks for a new house at the moment.

C.

Ex 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the present continuous or the present simple.

1. A: Do you know (you/know) that man over there?

B: Actually, I do. He’s Muriel’s husband.

2. A: Are you doing anything tomorrow evening?

B: Yes. I_____(see) Jack at nine o’clock.

3. A: I_____ (see) you’re feeling better.

B: Yes, I am, thank you.

4. A: What’s that noise?

B: The people next door_____ (have) a party.

5. A: Graham______ (have) a new computer.

В: I know. I’ve already seen it.

6. A: This dress______ (not/fit) me any more.

B: Why don’t you buy a new one?

7. A: Your perfume_______ (smell) nice. What is it?

B: It’s a new perfume called Sunshine.

8. A: What is Jane doing?

B: She____ (smell) the flowers in the garden.

9. A: What______ (you/look) at?

B: Some photos I took during my holidays. They aren’t very good, though.

10. A: You_______ (look) very pretty today.

B: Thank you. I’ve just had my hair cut.

11. A: I_______ (think) we’re being followed.

B: Don’t be silly! It’s just your imagination.

12. A: Is anything wrong?

B: No. I_______ (just/think) about the party tonight.

13. A: This fabric________ (feel) like silk.

B: It is silk, and it was very expensive.

14. A: What are you doing?

В: I_______ (feel) the radiator to see if it’s getting warm.

15. A: She________ (be) generous, isn’t she?

B: Yes, she has never been a mean person.

16. A: He________ (be) very quiet today isn’t he?

B: Yes, I think he has some problems,

17. A: Would you like some cherries?

B: Yes, please. I_____ (love) cherries. They’re my favourite fruit.

18. A: I’m sorry, but I_________ (not understand) what you mean.

B: Shall I explain it again?

19. A: The children are making lots of noise today.

В: I know, but they   (have) fun.

20. A: This cake________ (taste) awful.

В: I think I forgot to put the sugar in it!

Ex. 2. In this exercise you have to decide whether the verbs in these sentences are right or wrong. Correct those which are wrong. The verb is underlined.

Pattern: I don’t know your telephone number.       RIGHT.

Please don’t make so much noise. I study.  WRONG — am studying.

1. Look! Somebody is climbing up that tree over there._____________

2. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about?___________

3. Are you believing in God?_____________

4. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car.

5. The moon goes round the earth._____________

6. I’m thinking it would be a good idea to leave early. _

7. The government is worried because the number of people without jobs is increasing.       

8. I’m usually going to work by car.______________

Ex 3. Now you have to put the verb into the correct form, present continuous (I am doing) or present simple (I do).

Pattern: Please don’t make so much noise. I am studying (study).

How many languages does Tom speak (Tom/speak)?

This machine doesn’t work (not/work). It hasn’t worked for years.

1. I________ (not/belong) to a political party.

2. Hurry! The bus________ (come). I________ (not/want) to miss it.

3. The River Nile_________ (flow) into the Mediterranean.

4. The river__________ (flow) very fast today — much faster than usual.

5. ___________ (it/ever/snow) in India?

6. We usually_________ (grow) vegetables in our garden but this year we_________ (not/grow) any.

7. A. Can you drive?

B. No, but I_________ (learn). My father____________ (teach) me.

8. You can borrow my umbrella. I____________ (not/need) it at the moment.

9. (at a party) I usually___________ (enjoy) parties but I__________ (not/ enjoy) this one very much.

10.  George says he’s 80 years old but I_________________ (not/believe) him.

11. Ron is in London at the moment. He_________________(stay) at the Hilton Hotel. He usually______ (stay) at the Hilton Hotel when he’s in London.

In these sentences think about whether the situation is tempo­rary or permanent.

12. My parents_________ (live) in Bristol. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. Where_________ (your parents/live)?

13. She___________ (stay) with her sister at the moment until she finds somewhere to live.

14. A. What___________ (your father/do)?

B. He’s a teacher, but he_____________ (not/work) at the moment.

Present Perfect Tense

A.

Ex 1. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect.

1. I don’t know this girl. I never (meet) her before. 2. «Where is Mother?» — «She just (go) out». 3. «Don’t you know what the film is about?» — «No, I (not/see) it». 4. Don’t worry about the letter. I already (post) it. 5. «Is he a good teacher?» — «Oh yes, he (help) me a lot». 6. I know London perfectly well. I (be) there several times. 7. I can’t find my umbrella. I think, somebody (take) it by mistake. 8. «Do you speak Spanish?» — «No, I never (study) it». 9. «Do you know where they have gone?» — «No, they (sell) their house and (not/leave) their new address».

Ex 2. Answer the questions. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect.

Pattern: Is his article ready? (write)

Yes, he has written it.

1. Are her rooms clean? (do)

2. Is our dinner ready, Mother? (cook)

3. Does she know the poem? (learn)

4. Do you know this sort of pencil? (use)

5. Does he know how nice the cake is? (eat)

6. Do you know that your gloves are on the table? (find)

7. Is Bobby‘s face clean? (wash)

8. Do you know how beautiful these songs are? (hear)

Ex. 3. Make present perfect sentences.

Pattern:

I / never/ read / Shakespeare I / break / my arm / three times Peter / pay / for his lessons?

I’ve never read Shakespeare I’ve broken my arm three times Has Peter paid for his Lessons?

1. Joe / change / his job / twice this year.________________________

2. you / ever / write / a poem?________________________________

3. I / never / climb / a mountain.______________________________

4. how often I she / ask / you for money?_______________________

5. I / often / try / to stop smoking._____________________________

6. Alex / phone / me / six times this week._______________________

7. Charles / speak / to you / today?____________________________

8. Mary / not / tell / me / her new address._______________________

9. you / ever / break / your leg?_______________________________

10. We / not / play / football / this year.________________________

Ex 4. You are writing a letter to a friend and giving news about people you both know. Use the words given to make sentences and put the verb into the correct form.

Pattern: Phil/find a new job      Phil has found a new job.

Dear Chris,

Lots of things have happened since I last wrote to you.

1. Charles/go/Brazil Charles.____________________________

2. Jack and Jill/decide/to get married._____________________

3. Suzanne/have/a baby.______________________________

4. Monica/give up/smoking.____________________________

5. George/pass/his driving-test.___________________________

Ex 5. In this exercise you have to read the situation and then write a suitable sentence. Use the verb given.

Pattern: Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it. (lose) He has lost his key.

1. Ann’s hair was dirty. Now it is clean. (wash) She________________

2. Tom was 80 kilograms. Now he weighs 70. (lose weight)__________

3. The car has just stopped because there isn’t any more petrol in the tank. (run out of petrol)           

4. Yesterday Bill was playing football. Now he can’t walk and his leg is in plaster. (break)   

Ex 6. You are asking someone about things be has done in his life. Use the words in brackets to make your questions.

Pattern: (you ever/be/to Italy?)      Have you ever been to Italy?

1. (you ever/be/to South America?)___________________________

2. (you/read/any English books?)_____________________________

3. (you/live/in this town all your life?)__________________________

4. (how many times/you/be/in love?)__________________________

5. (what’s the most beautiful country you/ever/visit?)______________

6. (you ever/speak/to a famous person?)_______________________

Ex 7. Answer these questions using the words in brackets.

Pattern: When did you last smoke? (for two years) I haven’t smoked for two years.

1. When did it last rain? (for ages) It________________ for ages.

2. When did they last visit you? (since June) They_________________

3. When did you last play tennis? (for a long time)________________

4. When did you last eat caviar? (never)________________________

5. When did you last drive? (for six months)_____________________

6. When did you last go to Spain? (never)_______________________

7. When did she last write to you? (since last summer)______________ 

Ex 8. In this exercise you have to make questions with the words given.

Pattern: (you hear from George recently?) Have you heard from George, recently?

1. (you/read/a newspaper recently?)___________________________

2. (you/see/Tom in the past few days?)_________________________

3. (you/play/tennis recently?)________________________________

4. (you/eat/anything today?)________________________________

5. (you/see/any good films recently?)__________________________

6. (you/have/a holiday this year yet?)_________________________

B.

Ex 1. Circle the words for a finished time.

a few days ago always this week last week never now then today yesterday in 1990

Ex 2. Correct (R) or not (WR)?

Pattern: My father has changed his job. R

Andy has gone to Scotland last week. WR

1. Look what Peter has given me yesterday!_______________

2. I’ve seen a great programme last night._________________

3. I think everybody has arrived now.___________________

4. Mary has written to me three weeks ago.________________

5. Sorry — I’ve forgotten your name.______________________

6. I’ve forgotten Mike’s birthday last Tuesday._____________

7. Everybody has gone home at 10 o’clock.________________

8. There’s nobody here! What has happened ?______________

Ex 2. Make present perfect progressive sentences. Usefor or since.

Pattern:

John started learning Chinese in February. Now it’s July. (for)                                                John has been learning Chinese for five months. It started raining on Sunday. It’s still raining. (since) It’s been raining since Sunday.

1. Mary started painting the house on Monday. Now it’s Friday. (for)

2. We started driving at six o’clock. Now it’s ten o’clock. (for)

3. Ann started working at Smiths in January. (since)

4. Joe started building boats when he was 20. Now he’s 40. (for)

5. We started waiting for the bus at 8.30. (since)

6. Prices started going up last year. (since)

Ex 3. Make questions beginning with How long…?

Pattern: you / study / maths How long have you been standing maths?

1. Jane / talk / on the phone_______________________________

2. your brother / work / in Glasgow_________________________

3. Eric / drive / buses____________________________________

4. that man / stand / outside_______________________________

5. you / play / the piano__________________________________

Ex. 4. Choose the correct form.

Pattern: How long have you learnt / been learning the piano?

Look! I have bought/been buying a coat.

1. It has rained / been raining since Tuesday.

2. John has broken / been breaking his leg.

3. He hasn’t told / been telling me his address.

4. How long have we driven/been driving now?

5. Have you ever read / been reading this book?

6. Hello! I’ve waited / been waiting for you for hours!

7. How long have you played/ been playing tennis?

8. How many games have you played / been playing?

Ex. 5. Put in the present perfect or present perfect progressive.

Pattern:  I have had these shoes for a year. (have)

How long have you been waiting? (wait)

1. It________________________ all day. (snow)

2. We_____________ this dog for years. (have)

3. Ann_________________ all day. (work)

4. John_________________ ill this week. (be)

5. How long_______ you_______ Andrew (know)?

Ex 6. Put in the present perfect or continuous, using short forms where appropriate.

1. A. How long have you known (you/know) Alison?

B. We (be) friends since we were children.

2. A. Who (use) the car?

B. I have. Is there a problem?

3. A. What are Andrew and David doing?

B. They (work) in the garden for three hours

4. A. Why is Sally upset?

B. She (lose) her bag

5. A. I (always/believe) that exercise is good for you.

B. Of course, it’s good to keep fit.

6. A. Emily (teach) maths since she left university.

B. Yes, and she’s a very good teacher, too.

7. A. Fred (open) a new shop.

B. Really? Where is it?

8. A. This pie is delicious.

B. Is it? I (not/taste) it yet.

9. A. Have you found your umbrella yet?

B. No, I (look) for it for an hour now.

10. A. You look exhausted.

B. Well, I (clean) the windows since 8 o’clock this morning.

11. A. Can I have some more lemonade, please?

B. Sorry, your brother (just/drink) it all.

12. A. Have you got new neighbours?

B. Yes, they (just/move) to the area.

Ex. 7. Choose the correct answer.

1. «What time does the train leave?»
«I think it Aat 2 o’clock».

A. leaves В. has been leaving С. has left

2. «Where are Tom and Pauline?»

«They_____ to the supermarket».

A. have just gone В. have been going С. go

3. «What is Jill doing these days?»

«She_______ for a job for six months».

A. is looking В. has been looking С. looks

4. «Is Mandy watching TV?»

«No. She________ her homework right now».

A. is always doing В. is doing С. does

5. «Have you been for a walk?»

«Yes. I often_______ for walks in the evenings».

A. have gone В. am going С. go

6. «Have you seen any films lately?»

«Yes. Actually, I___________ two this week».

A. have seen В. am seeing С. see

7. «What_______ ?» «It’s a piece of cherry pie. Mum made it yesterday?»

A. are you eating В. do you eat С. have you eaten

8. «Are you going on holiday this summer?»

«Yes. I_______ enough money».

A. am saving В. have already saved С. save

9. «Is Todd reading the newspaper?»

«No. He________ dinner at the moment».

A. has been making В. makes С. is making

10. «Have you bought any new CDs recently?»

«Yes. Actually, I___________ two this week».

A. have bought В. have been buying С. am buying

11. «What time does the play start?»

«I think it_________ at 8 o’clock».

A. has been starting В. starts С. has started

12. «Where is Mark?»

«He_______ to the library to return some books».

A. has gone В. has been С. is going

Ex. 8. Underline the correct tense.

1. Liz and I are good friends. We know/have known each other for four years.

2. Sarah is very tired. She has been working/is working hard all day.

3. «Where is John?» «He’s upstairs. He does/is doing his homework».

4. I can’t go to the party on Saturday. I am leaving/ have been leaving for Spain on Friday night.

5. Jane has finished/is finishing cleaning her room, and now she is going out with her friends.

6. I didn’t recognize Tom. He looks/is looking so different in a suit.

7. I don’t need to wash my car. Jim washes/has washed it for me already.

8. Ian has been talking/is talking to his boss for an hour now.

9. Claire’s train arrives/has arrived at 3 o’clock. I must go and meet her at the station.

10. «Would you like to borrow this book?» «No, thanks. I have read/have been reading it before».

11. «Where are you going/do you go?» «To the cinema. Would you like to come with me?»

12. Have you seen my bag? I am searching/have been searching for it all morning.

13. «Is Colin here?» «I don’t know. I haven’t seen/ haven’t been seeing him all day».

14. Sophie is very clever. She is speaking/speaks seven different languages.

15. We are moving/have moved house tomorrow. Everything is packed.

Ex 9. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. A. What are you doing (you/do)?

B. Nothing. I (just/finish) my lunch.

2. A. Where (you/be) all morning?

В. I (clean) my house since 8 o’clock.

3. A. (you/do) anything next weekend?

B. No, I (not/make) any plans yet.

4. A. Jane looks great (she/lose) weight?

B. Yes, she (exercise) a lot recently.

5. A. (be/you) busy fight now?

B. Yes, I (just/start) typing this report.

6. A. Where is Peter?

B. He (wash) the car at the moment.

7. A. Who (be) your favourite actor?

B. I (like) Sean Connery since I was a child.

8. A. (you/do) your homework yet?

B. Almost, I (do) it now.

Ex 10. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

1. Who has been using (use) my toothbrush?

2. «What (you/do)?» «I (write) a letter».

3. Samantha (play) tennis with friends every weekend.

4. Tim and Matilda (be) married since 1991.

5. Uncle Bill (just/decorate) the bathroom.

6. Pauline and Tom (sing) in the school choir twice a week.

7. Who (you/speak) to?

8. Sarah is very happy. She (win) a poetry competition.

9. He (drink) two cups of coffee this morning.

10. My friend (live) in America at the moment.

11. They (usually/change) jobs every five years.

12. I (normally/cut) my hair myself.

13. Linda (study) in the library for three hours.

14. We (play) in a concert next weekend.

15. Who (read) my diary?

16. Tim (leave) the house at 7 o’clock every morning.

17. (your mother/work) in a bank?

18. (you/drink) coffee with your breakfast every day?

19. We (make) plans for our summer holidays right now.

20. They (move) house in September.

Ex. 11. Choose the correct answer.

1. «Have you seen your sister recently?

«Yes, she came to visit last weekend».

A. Have you been seeing B. You have seen C. Have you seen

2. «I didn’t know Sarah could drive».

«Oh, yes, she________ since last April».

A. has been driving B. has driven C. is driving

3. «Where is Jason?»

«He_________ at the swimming pool».

A. is being B. is C. has been

4. «This is a great book.».

«I know. I_____________ it twice already».

A. have read B. am reading C. have been reading

5. «Hello, Jane. I’m home».

«Where have you been? I___________ for you all day».

A. have been looking B. look C. am looking

6. «Are you having a holiday this year?»

«Yes, I_________ to Hawaii».

A. am going B. have been C. have gone

7. «Who does your hair for you?»

«My mother usually_______________ it».

A. is cutting B. cuts C. has cut

8. «Your socks are all wet!»

«Don’t worry I_______________ another pair with me».

A. am bringing B. bring C. have brought

Ex. 12. Correct the mistakes.

1. They have been to the shops. They’ll be home soon.

2. Joe plays in the garden at the moment.

3. I am going to work by car every day.

4. The builders finish the block of flats already.

5. He has been breaking his arm.

6. Sam have just finished reading a very interesting book.

7. Water is boiling at 100 ^oC.

8. John is living here since 1986.

9. I study this subject for five years.

10. Who has use me scissors?

C.

Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Continuous

Ex 1. Translate into English.

1. В этой части света солнце садится рано. 2. Джойс едет в Лондон завтра, потому что ее дядя хочет ее видеть. 3. Некоторым людям больше всего нравится лето, некоторые любят весну или осень, а другие предпочитают зиму. 4. «Где Лиззи?» — «Она катается верхом на лошади». 5. «Что делают дети?» — «Они слушают сказку и рисуют». 6. Джейн прекрасно рисует. 7. Отец обычно ездит на работу поездом, но сегодня он на машине. 8. Каждый год он проводит каникулы в горах. 9. Я пишу, чтобы пригласить вас к нам на лето. 10. Я сижу у окна и смотрю на море. Какое-то судно уплывает (sail away) в вечернее золото горизонта.

Ex 2. Translate into English.

1. «Когда он обычно приходит домой?» — «Он обычно приходит домой в 7 часов вечера». 2. Каким поездом вы уезжаете в Петербург на следующей неделе? 3. В следующее воскресенье ко мне приезжают друзья из Шеффилда. 4. Алекс делает новую полку для книг. Он всю мебель для своей комнаты всегда делает сам. 5. На ней сегодня шляпа и голубое платье. 6. Я не могу сейчас дать вам эту книгу, потому что я ее читаю. «Вы много читаете?» — «Да, много». -«Вы покупаете книги или берете их в библиотеке?» — «Я обычно беру по пять книг в центральной библиотеке и меняю их через месяц». «Что вы делаете под столом?» — «Я ищу иголку». 9. «Что у вас обычно на завтрак?» — «Я обычно ем бутерброд и выпиваю чашку кофе». «Куда ты так бежишь?» — «Я бегу на десятичасовую электричку. Я встречаюсь сегодня с Ником. Он не любит, когда я опаздываю». В следующее воскресенье я уезжаю в Данию.

Ex 3. Translate into English.

1. Почему у тебя черные губы? — Я ела чернику. 2. Ты съел весь кекс? 3. Что вы делаете? — Мы собираем яблоки. — Сколько вы уже собрали? — Мы собрали 5 корзин. 4. Я сегодня делала покупки и наконец нашла тебе летние туфли. 5. Какой чудный запах! Бабушка варит варенье. 6. Я полирую этот стол с самого завтрака. Я очень устала. 7. Что ты делаешь в гараже так долго? — Я накачиваю шины (pump the tires). Я уже накачал три. Ты поможешь мне с четвертой? 8. Ты знакома с Томом? — Я знаю его целую вечность. 9. Почему вы так шумите (make a horrible noise)? — Я потерял ключ и пытаюсь разбудить жену, поэтому я бросаю камни в окно спальни. — Вы бросаете камни не в то окно. Вы живете в следующем доме. 10. Он только что продал две свои картины. — Ему повезло. Мой муж рисует уже пять лет и еще не продал ни одной картины. 11. Я все утро занимаюсь домашней работой и еще ничего не сделал. 12. Почему вы не принесли мне письма? Вы их еще не напечатали? 13. Куда ты дела мои ботинки? Я нигде не могу их найти. — Майк только что ушел в них. 14. Тот человек стоит на автобусной остановке последние полчаса. Сказать ему, что последний автобус уже ушел? 15. Мой муж собирает картины современных художников с тех пор, как мы поженились. Он уже собрал так много, что не знает, куда их повесить.

Pronouns

A.

Ex. 1. Fill in the gaps in the following grammar table: 

I	me	my	mine	myself
	you
he		his		itc
			hers
	it
		our
				yourselves
they

Ex. 2. Insert the appropriate pronouns:

1. I made up … mind to enter the university.

2. You made up … mind to enter the university.

3. He made up … mind to enter the university.

4. She made up … mind to enter the university.

5. We made up … mind to enter the university.

6. They made up … mind to enter the university.

Ex. 3. Circle the correct answer.

Pattern: I/Me don’t understand.

1. «Who said that?» «It was she / her«.

2. Tell we / us your address.

3. This isn’t for you, it’s for he /him.

4. I don’t think they / them are here today.

5. «Where’s your brother?» «That’s he / him over there».

6. Where are the children? Can you see they / them?

7. Ask she / her why she / her is crying.

Ex. 4. Put in he, him, she, her, they or them.

1. «Does your father speak English?»… understands a little».

2. «I’m seeing Lucy and Pete on Tuesday.» «Oh, give … my love».

3. «Mr. Carter’s here.» «Ask … to wait downstairs».

4. Where are your friends?… ‘re very late.

5. «Have you spoken to Mrs. Lewis?» «Not yet. I’m going to phone … this evening».

6. «Where’s Ann?» «… ‘s in Germany all this week».

Ex. 5. Put in it, they or them.

1. «Where are my keys?» «… ‘re on that chair».

2. ‘Where did that cat come from?» «.came in through the window».

3. «What did you think of the film?» «…’s not very good».

4. «What shall I do with these letters?» «Just put … on the table».

5. «Can I have John’s address?» «I’ll give …to you this afternoon».

6. «Did you enjoy your holiday in Ireland?» «Yes, …’s a wonderful place».

7. «Where are your glasses?» «I’ve lost

8. «Would you like tickets for the concert?» «How much do … cost?»

Ex. 6. Put in the correct possessives.

Pattern: Ann’s lost her keys.

Would you like to wash your hands?

1. Peter says … wife is ill.

2. We’re taking … holiday in June.

3. … car is that outside?

4. My bank has changed … name.

5. I’m going to sell … motorbike.

6. My students have got … exam next week.

7. John writes to … girlfriend every day.

8. Ann lives with … father in Portugal.

9. Please put … coats upstairs.

10. Robert broke … leg skiing last winter.

11. «What film did you see?» «Sorry, I’ve forgotten … name».

Ex. 7. Circle the correct answer.

1. She doesn’t love him / himself.

2. She likes looking at her / herself in the mirror.

3. Old people often talk to them / themselves.

4.  I’m going out tonight, so you will all have to cook for yourself / yourselves.

5.  I like Bill, but I don’t understand him / himself.

Ex. 8. Put in myself, yourself etc.

1. I’m teaching … to play the guitar.

2. «Who’s John talking to?» «…».

3. Get a drink for… .

4. We really enjoyed … last night.

5. Mary talks about … all the time.

6. Find chairs for … and sit down.

7. They just want to make money for… .

Ex. 9. Rewrite the sentences in brackets so that the noun is not repeated. Use one or ones.

Model. These cups are nice. Each one is hand-painted. (Each cup is hand-painted.)

1. I need to fill in a form about my driving test, but … (I haven’t got a form.)

2. I’ve watched all these videos. … (I must get some new videos.)

3. These photos are good. …(Have you seen this photo?)

4. I need a dinner-jacket for the party, so … (I’ve hired a dinnerjacket.)

5. Those socks are horrible. …(Can you find any nice socks?)

6. This map isn’t very good. … (The map in the car is better.)

Ex 10. Rewrite the repeated noun by one (the one) or ones in the following sentences:

1. This picture is more beautiful than that picture.

2. As to the students’ reports made at the conference I liked the report on the economic struggle in capitalist countries.

3. These are yesterday’s papers. Take fresh papers.

4. This article is not so difficult to translate as the article you gave us last week.

5. Put all the books except that book on the shelf.

6. You have got several maps of the Roman Empire. Will you give me a map for a short time?

B.

Ex. 1. Choose the correct form of the pronouns in brackets.

I. 1. It may be (our, ours) dictionaries. 2. He has not read a line of (your, yours). How can he criticize (your, yours) poems? 3. His composition is much more interesting than (your, yours) or (my, mine). 4. (Their, theirs) knowledge of the subject is not much superior to (our, ours). 5. I’m afraid they will take (her, hers) advice not (your, yours). 6. All (our, ours) clothes were extremely dirty, and (my, mine) especially so. 7. Will you help me to sort out the things? I cannot tell which are (your, yours) and which are (my, mine). 8. This is (your, yours) notebook, but where is (my, mine)?

II. 1. She got to (her, hers) feet and took (his, him) hand. 2. «Let me see your passports», I gave him and Catherine got out of handbag (my, mine; her, hers; her, hers). 3. Mind (your, yours; my, mine) own business and I’ll mind (your, yours; my, mine). 4. Mr. Black gave (his, him) wife a leather bag for (her, hers) birthday. 5. The next voice to speak up was not the Lieutenant’s but (my, mine). 6. I looked at (her, hers) and at none other from that moment. 7.________ was not a marriage that could last (their, theirs). 8._______ nerves are as bad as_______ (your, yours, my, mine). 9. His eyes were as bright as_____________ (her, hers). 10. After all, this is_______ home just as much as______ (your, yours, my, mine). 11. My sister likes much sugar in______ tea, but I like little in______(her, hers, my, mine). «Who can drink tea as sweet as (your, yours)», I wonder. 12. His own hand shook as he accepted a rose or two from_______and thanked her (her, hers).

Ex 2. Use the appropriate form ofpersonal pronouns in the fol­lowing sentences.

1. He patted Jack heartily on (he) shoulder. 2. He put (he) hand in (she). 3. «This foolish wife of (I) thinks I’m a great artist», said he. 4. (They) say there’s been a great earthquake in the Pacific. 5. Then he stopped and pointed and said: «Those are peas». I said, «We’ve got some peas, too». «I expect (you) are bigger than (our)», he said politely. 6. Don’t show this letter to (you) brother. 7. There’s, a ghastly article of (he) in the evening’s paper. 8. She folded the letter and replaced it in (it) envelope. 9. The children had had (they) tea. Kate was late for (she) as usual, Mary and Paul were having (they). 10. This demand of (they) is quite ridiculous. 11. She makes all (she) clothes herself. 12. There was a cold wind blowing so I put on (I) heavy coat.

Ex 3. Complete these sentences using myself/yourself, etc.

Pattern: Here is the money, go and buy yourself an ice-cream.

1. Be careful! That pan is very hot. Don’t burn__________ .

2. I want to know you better. Tell me about____________ .

3. It isn’t her fault. She really shouldn’t blame___________ .

4. Did you make the dress_________________________ ?

5. The boy was lucky when he fell down the stairs. He didn’t hurt_____ .

6. Tom cut________ while he was shaving this morning.

7. He spends most of his time alone, so it’s not surprising that he .

8. Don’t worry about us. We can look after____________ .

Ex 4. Complete these sentences, using myself, etc. only where necessary.

Pattern: I really don’t feel well today, I’ll stay in bed.

1. Tom is growing a beard because he doesn’t like shaving_________ .

2. The telephone rang while I was taking a shower. I dried_______ and ran into the room.

3. I tried to study but I just couldn’t make_____________ .

4. Jack and I first met______ at a party five years ago.

5. You’re working too much. Why don’t you relax___________ more?

6. It was a lovely holiday. We really enjoyed________ very much.

7. The routine is the same every morning I wash______________ and have breakfast.

Ex. 5. In these sentences you have to write -selves or each other.

Pattern: Look at yourself. Your face is dirty.

How long have Tom and Ann known each others.

1. At Christmas friends often give______________ presents.

2. I enjoyed____ very much at the party.

3. Jack and Jill are very happy together. They love_______ very much.

4. She has no reason to blame____________ .

5. I think this poor dog has hurt___________ .

6. Nora and I don’t see__________ very often these days.

Ex 6. Complete these sentences using on my own/by myself, etc.

Pattern: Learner-drivers are not allowed to drive on their own.

1. She hated being in the house on______ . She was afraid to be alone.

2. The box was too heavy for me to lift by________ .

3. You can’t expect them to do everything by____________ .

4. Very young children should not be allowed to go swimming by________.

5. Mothers shouldn’t leave children in the house on__________ .

6. We’ve often made that mistake________ .

7. Do you like working with other people or do you prefer working .

8. If the rest of you can’t, help we’ll have to do it on_____________ .

Ex. 7. Use one of the demonstrative pronouns in the following sentences.

1. __________is cooking oil, I always buy________one. 2. She gave me the______ present as a year before. 3. What do you want me to do with______ 4. He was one of________ men whom women all like. 5. Do you see_____ bushes on the other side of the river? 6. Let us leave _____ subject. 7. He continued to frequent the________ cafe as when he had stayed at the hotel. 8. I believe you but there are______________ who wouldn’t. 9.______ is what I thought last year. 10._______ life. 11.______ is what I want you to do. 12. I have divided the books into two piles._____ are to be kept.________ are to be sold. 13. Our house was next to__________ of June’s.

Ex. 8. Fill in many, much or a lot of.

1. A. Let’s go for a walk.

B. I can’t. I’ve got a lot of work to do.

2. A. Do you want to come in for a while?

B. No, thank you. I haven’t got … time.

3. A. Mr. Brown looks very happy.

B. Yes. He won… money last week.

4. A. You’ve got … pets!

B. Yes, three dogs and four cats!

5. A. I must go to the bank today.

B. I’ll come with you. I haven’t got … money either.

6. A. Have you got … lessons today?

B. No. I’ll be home at three o’clock.

7. A. Have you seen … horror films?

B. No. I don’t like horror films.

8. A. There isn’t … coffee left.

B. I know. I’ll buy some today.

9. A. Are there … children in your class?

B. Yes, about twenty-five.

C.

Ex. 1. Fill in the correct possessive adjective or pronoun.

1. A. Have you met your new neighbours yet?

B. No. I’ve seen … children in the garden, though.

2. A. You took … coat home last night.

В. I know, I’m sorry. I thought it was … because they’re both black.

3. A. What’s wrong with Rosie?

B. Oh, she’s been having problems with … back recently.

4. A. James is doing well at school.

В. I know … teacher says he’s very advanced for his age.

5. A. Is this bag … ?

B. Oh, yes, thank you. I nearly forgot it.

6. A. Julie and Frank are so lucky … house is beautiful.

B. Yes, and it’s so much bigger than    I envy them.

7. A: I like … shirt. It’s like Sandra’s.

B: Actually, it is … I borrowed it from her yesterday.

8. A: Why did you lend Tom … car?

B: Because … is being repaired at the moment.

Ex. 2. Fill in a possessive adjective or the.

1. A dog bit him on the leg.

2. I banged … head on the cupboard door.

3. Karen put … arm around Jane’s shoulder.

4. Don’t put … feet on the table!

5. You shouldn’t have punched Tom in … stomach.

6. Paul patted Lisa on … shoulder.

Ex 3. Frank and Kim are having a picnic by a lake. Read the dialogue and underline the correct item.

A. There’s 1) nothing/something I like more than having a picnic here by Lake Tahoe.

B. Yes, it’s 2) anything/something I really enjoy, too. It’s great to go 3) anywhere/somewhere where there is no noisy traffic and 4) anything/nothing to disturb us from our lunch. I can’t think of 5) somewhere/anywhere I’d rather be than here.

A. I know. There’s 6) no one/somebody else here, so we can enjoy the peace and quiet.

B. Well, I’d like 7) any/some more of that chicken. Is there no/any left?

A. Yes, there’s plenty in this basket. But there’s 9) some/ no mayonnaise, I’m afraid.

B. That’s okay. Wait a minute. Did you hear 10) something/nothing?

A. Don’t be silly. It was 11) anything/nothing.

B. No, look! A group of school children are coming for a picnic, too!

A. Oh no! I can’t think of 12) something/anything worse! Let’s go home!

Ex. 4. Fill in the gaps with some, any, no or one of their com­pounds.

1. A. Is anything the matter with Dawn? She looks upset.

B. She had an argument with her friend today.

2. A. I think … is trying to break into that house.

B. You’re right. We should call the police.

3. A. We’ve got … time to make a cake before the party!

B. I’ll go out and buy one then.

4. A. I’m thinking of moving … to London.

B. Really? My boss has a house near London.

5. A. It was very busy in town today.

B. I know. There was hardly … to park.

6. A. I suppose I should make … for dinner.

B. I’ll help you if you like.

7. A. What’s on TV tonight?

B. I looked in the TV guide. There’s hardly … good on tonight.

8. A. Do you like living in Brighton?

B. Yes, but … will ever mean as much to me as my home town.

9. A. Did you have a good holiday in England?

B. Yes. There was hardly … rain all week.

10. A. Did you call Sarah this evening?

B. Yes, but … was at home, so I left a message on the answering machine.

Ex. 5. Choose the correct answer.

1. «Did you buy a new skirt?» — «No. I looked in C shop in town».

A. everything В. everywhere C. every

2. «Who is coming to your party?» — «I’ve invited … I know».

A. everything В. everyone С. everywhere

3. «Have you found your keys yet?» — «No. I’ve looked but I can’t find them».

A. everything В. everywhere С. every

4. «The children must have been hungry». — «I know. They ate … on their plates».

A. every В. everywhere С. everything

5. «Where shall I put the shopping?» — «Put … in the kitchen, please».

A. everything В. everywhere С. everybody

6. «How often do you go to the gym?» — «I usually go … day».

A. everything В. everywhere С. every

7. «Do I have to tidy my room?» — «Yes. There are clothes and toys …!»

A. everyone В. everywhere С. every

8. «Is there a problem?» — «No, don’t worry … is fine».

A. Everywhere В. Every С. Everything

9. «Has Jim gone out again?» — «Yes. He’s been out … night this week».

A. every В. everything С. everywhere

Ex. 6. Fill in the gaps using each or every.

1. In a basketball match each team has five players.

2. She has a piano lesson … Wednesday.

3. The Jones’ house has ten rooms and they … have a television in … room.

4. The teacher told us to spend five minutes on … question.

5. He visits us … weekend.

6. My aunt gave … one of us a present.

7. I love this group. I’ve got … record they’ve ever made.

8. There are three glasses, but … one is a different shape.

9. I think about him … moment of the day.

10. … of these two bottles holds one litre.

Ex 7. Fill in the gaps with a few, very few, a little or very little.

1. A. How was your exam today?

B. Actually, I would have liked a little more time to finish it.

2. A. How do you like your tea?

B. With no sugar and just … milk, please.

3. A. Are you ready to take your driving test?

B. No. I think I need … more lessons.

4. A. Do you want me to bring anything for the party?

B. Well, I’ve got … wine glasses. Could I borrow some of yours?

5. A. Did you get that job?

B. No. I didn’t get it because I’ve got … experience.

6. A. Why didn’t Alan’s business succeed?

B. Unfortunately, he had … clients.

7. A. Shall we go shopping this evening?

B. I’m sorry, I’ve got… time today.

8. A. Have you finished your garden yet?

B. Not yet, but I’ve planted … trees.

9. A. Are you hungry?

B. Not really. I’ll just have … soup for lunch.

10. A. How was your first day at work?

B. Not very good, really. I made … mistakes.

Ex. 8. Fill in the gaps with both, all, neither, either or none.

Dear Beth,

Thank you for your letter. I was good to hear 1) all your news. I get lots of letters, but 2) … of them cheer me up as much as yours. Bill and I are 3) … very tired at the moment. He’s very busy because he’s been promoted to manger of his firm. I’ve started a new job, so don’t have much spare time, 4) … I love my job and 5) … of the people I work with are friendly, but the long hours seem to take up 6) … of my energy. My parents are coming to visit us tomorrow. 7) … of them have seen the new house yet, so I’ll have to show them … around. Bill has decorat­ed 9) … of the rooms, so 10) … of them looks the way they did when we moved in. I hope 11) … you and Toby will be able to visit us again soon, then you can see 12) … the changes. Write soon. I’m looking forward to 13) … hearing from you or seeing you soon. 

With love. Chloe

Ex 9. Translate into English using reflexive pronouns.

1. Вы сделали это совершенно самостоятельно?

2. Возьмите себя в руки.

3. Когда мы приехали, сам губернатор встретил нас в аэропорту.

4. Через несколько минут он снова был самим собой.

5. Девушка шла, тихо напевая про себя.

6. Ведите себя как следует.

7. Они слишком много о себе думают.

8. Вы можете разделить это между собой.

9. Я очень горжусь собой, что нашел выход из этой трудной ситуации.

10. Ты можешь сделать это самостоятельно?

11. Вам не надо приходить самому, можете прислать секретаря.

Ex 10. Translate into English paying attention to the use of per­sonal and demonstrative pronouns as the subject.

1. Чьи это брюки? — Это мои брюки.

2. Я принес вам важные новости. Это самые последние новости.

3. Кто-то постучал в дверь. Это мой сосед.

4. Куда вы положили деньги? — Они в кошельке, на полке.

5. Вы помните его? Какой это был мужественный человек!

Ex. 11. Translate into English.

1. Кто знает этого человека?

2. Кто из вас разбил эту вазу?

3. Кого из них вы спрашивали об этом?

4. Кого вы ждете здесь?

5. Кому вы дали свой словарь?

Ex 12. Translate into English.

1. Они ехали по широкой дороге, по обе стороны которой росли деревья.

2. Оба, я и мой брат, были молоды и сильны.

3. Передай это сообщение папе или маме, боюсь, я не увижу ни того, ни другого.

4. Ты не можешь взять с собой оба моих фотоаппарата.

5. Они оба служат в армии. 

____________________________________

¹ pros and cons — «за» и «против»

² experience — опыт

³ job qualifications — сумма качеств, необходимых для приема на работу

⁴ aptitude-tests — тесты на профпригодность

⁵ trade — занятие; ремесло; профессия 

⁶ remains to be seen — покажет будущее

I graduated with academic honours without ever meeting my professors, embarking on an all-nighter with classmates and, technically, never having gone to a class at all. I was an online-only student, and as online degree programmes grow in popularity, my past three years of study were a crash-course in the unique challenges of learning online, as well as a glimpse into what the future of higher education might look like.

My school day looked very different than most: rather than loading up my backpack and heading to class, I would wake up, eat breakfast while doing my first round of schoolwork for the day, and spend a few hours finishing assignments. Then, I’d head off to work, maybe tucking in a study session during lunch before wrapping up homework or preparing for exams in the evening. Saturday and Sunday became two of my busiest school days and I became an expert at working everywhere from my desk to the car.

Some of my most vivid undergraduate memories were of completing a term paper on the floor backstage at the ballet performance I was managing, and stumbling home after a full day of work to begin school that evening. Just like traditional universities, I had papers, exams, and grades – only, there were no office hours and no such thing as sick days.

Enrolment in online learning programmes has grown over the past few years, with more than a quarter of students enrolled in at least one online course. But too many misconceptions still persist around the experience of being an online-only student – for example, that an online degree doesn’t carry the same level of prestige as a traditional one. By contrast, online learning enabled me to hone skills such as self-motivation and time management that ultimately made me a better student, and later, a more prepared young adult.

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Studying for an MA in a new and unusual subject
Five benefits of a part-time postgraduate degree
A day in the life of a university student in the UK
Going to university at the age of 37

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Autumn Steed, a professional dancer who just began an online degree programme in kinesiology at California Baptist University, agrees that there are differences between traditional university time management, and the commitment required to study online: “you attend an in-person class for a select period of time in which you are entirely focused on that subject,” she says. “In an online programme, you must be able to self-motivate and manage multiple courses in the limited time that you are able to provide for yourself.”

Oliver Till, who is studying for a BA in business and environment at The Open University, observes that “it is very easy, when studying at home, for little things to chip away at the time you have set aside.” He points out the necessity of “making sure those closest to you understand the commitment and choice you have made”.

With no set class hours, an online student defines their own schedule, a significant reason why so many working students are drawn to online degree programmes. Steed believes that this actually helps her education. “For someone who enjoys working at their own pace, independent higher education seems like the ideal fit. Although online study may eliminate the social aspect of in-person education, it can counter that loss through the ability to increase personal productivity,” she says.

Line Dalile, who completed her degree in visual culture online at Curtin University, noted that “the biggest challenge has to be connecting with fellow classmates. While discussion forums encourage participation and allow for feedback or exchange of ideas, they lack the ‘real-time’ aspect. Online study offers the student a considerable amount of freedom, which sometimes blurs the boundaries between school and life,” she explained.

Laura Ross, who took a sports law class online at Asbury University while studying for her accounting degree echoed the sentiment. “The biggest difference I noticed was the lack of interaction,” she says. “I felt like the learning was very much on my own.”

That is the simultaneous blessing and curse of the online experience. Learning on my own enabled me to craft an education that was unique to me. Given that about 70 per cent of students work while attending school and that students in the US and UK want more flexibility than ever from their education, gone are the days of a “typical” university experience.

In terms of academic tradition, it is important to point out that distance learning is hardly new, although developments in technology are recent. The concept of higher learning through “correspondence courses” is more than 170 years old, and with the addition of modern technology and desire for increased flexibility, is an inarguable part of the future of universities.

We have a world and economy that is adaptive and flexible. The rise of online learning points to a future of higher education that is equally accessible and innovative. In fact, 90 per cent of academic leaders believe that the majority of all university students will be taking at least one online course in the next five years.

I may not have spent afternoons sprawled out on the campus quad, but my online experience added more things to my education than it subtracted. As the world changes rapidly and the workforce evolves with it, options like online learning create opportunity for students to take charge of what their learning and life will look like. What more can we ask from education, really?

Read more: Five tips to make the most of your university experience 

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Всего: 536    … 281–300 | 301–320 | 321–340 | 341–360 | 361–380 | 381–400 | 401–420 | 421–440 …

After graduating from medical school, Eugene Alford built a lucrative career as an ear, nose, and throat specialist and a facial plastic surgeon at Methodist Hospital. In the summers, he and his wife Mary, a dentist and former paediatric nurse, would join a church-sponsored medical mission to Honduras, where he operated on the needy in a rural clinic.

At home, Alford treated many prominent Houston residents, but he also waived his fee for less fortunate patients. Carolyn Thomas, for instance, went to see him with a large gauze bandage over a cavity in her face. She had been shot by her boyfriend, who had also killed her mother. The bullet had blown away Thomas’s nose, upper jaw, and right eye. Reconstruction would have cost a million dollars, but Alford, his medical team, and his hospital did it for free.

Whenever Alford needed to relax after a particularly gruelling period of work, he’d drive to his ranch in Bellville and lose himself in farm chores. He didn’t make it out there as often as he would have liked. As a plastic surgeon at Methodist Hospital, he had performed 800 operations over the previous year and was booked solid for months ahead.

So on a chilly Sunday a few days after Christmas, Alford headed out through the pine bush, intending to clear a trail for deer hunting. As he cut through underbrush in the south pasture, Alford brought the tractor to a halt in front of a dead white oak standing in his path. He nudged the trunk with the tractor’s front-end loader, expecting the tree to topple neatly to the ground. Instead the top half of the oak swayed towards him. In seconds, more than a ton of hardwood slammed down on him, crushing his spine.

Pinned to the steering wheel, Alford could barely breathe. He tried to hit the brakes, but his legs failed to respond. When he found he could move his hands, he turned off the ignition, then with great effort pulled his cell phone from his shirt pocket and called his wife on speed dial. ‘Mary,’ he gasped, ‘a tree fell on me. I’m going to die.’ ‘Don’t quit!’ she shouted. ‘We’re coming to get you!’ Alford was still conscious when his neighbours Kevin and Snuffy, alerted by Mary, hauled the tree off him. A rescue helicopter touched down minutes later, and Alford advised the paramedics on which drugs to administer to him. Then he blacked out.

He was flown to the trauma unit at Medical Centre in Houston, then quickly transferred to Methodist. The operation was successful, but the patient was still in danger. After almost two weeks in the TCU, Alford awoke, and his condition improved enough for him to be taken to a rehabilitation unit, where he began physical therapy and learned to use a wheelchair. In February 2008, six weeks after the accident, Alford returned to his 100-year-old home in Houston. At first, he was so weak that he could sit up only when strapped into a wheelchair.

Before the accident, Alford had been a solidly built six-footer and was used to being in charge. Now, entirely dependent on others, he fell into despair. ‘If it weren’t for my wife and kids, I would have killed myself,’ he says. But then the love started pouring in. Alford’s brother maintained a blog to provide updates about Alford’s recovery. Over the next three months, he received 40,000 messages from colleagues, former patients, acquaintances, even strangers. The outpouring raised his spirits. It also gave Mary a new perspective on him. For years, Alford’s schedule of 15-hour days hadn’t left him much time for her and the kids. ‘I’d just about decided you liked work more than us,’ Mary told him one day over lunch. ‘But now I realize you didn’t want to leave the hospital because there were so many folks that needed you. You couldn’t just abandon them.’

The couple refurbished their house with ramps, a wheelchair-accessible bathroom, and an elevator. They bought an extended-cab pickup truck and fitted it with a wheelchair hoist, a swivelling driver’s seat, and hand controls so Alford could drive himself.

But Alford’s goal was to make such adjustments temporary. After a month of physical therapy, he graduated from an electric to a manual wheelchair. The daily workouts built strength in his back and abdominal muscles, improving his ability to hold himself upright. Soon he was able to stand with the aid of a tubular steel frame; seated in his chair, he could now draw his legs toward his chest.

In May, Alford began the next phase of treatment. By putting a paralyzed patient through his paces, therapists hoped to grow new neuromuscular connections. After three months of this routine, Alford’s coordination had improved markedly. He felt ready to pick up a scalpel again, with the hospital’s approval. Alford still goes for four hours of rehab every morning and spends his evenings stretching and riding a motorized stationary bike to keep muscle spasms at bay. But in the hours between, he sees patients or performs surgeries—as many as five a week.

He’s eager to do more complex surgeries and plans to increase his workload. Walking remains uncertain. ‘I always tell him if I had a crystal ball, I’d be a millionaire,’ says Mar-cie Kern, one of his physical therapists. Still, the doctor considers himself a lucky man.

ВОПРОС 1 Eugene Alford
1) treated only prominent Houston residents.
2) did some charity work.
3) had fixed fees.
4) often visited his ranch in Bellville.

ВОПРОС 2 In paragraph 3 ‘gruelling’ means
1) extremely boring.
2) quite exciting.
3) very tiring.
4) highly uncomfortable.

ВОПРОС 3 As a result of the accident, the oak broke Alford’s
l)neck.
2) legs.
3)back.
4) chest.

ВОПРОС 4 Before the accident, Alford
1) was in charge of the hospital.
2) liked his work more than his family.
3) worked 15 hours a week.
4) could not spend much time with his wife and children.

ВОПРОС 5 To make Alford feel more comfortable
1) the family equipped their house with necessary facilities.
2) his 100-year-old house was redecorated.
3) the family bought a new house.
4) his old pickup truck was fitted with a wheelchair hoist.

ВОПРОС 6 After physical therapy and daily workouts
1) Alford didn’t need a wheelchair.
2) Alford’s stamina came back.
3) Alford started to perform simple operations.
4) Alford’s coordination improved markedly.

ВОПРОС 7 At present Alford
1) feels sorry for himself.
2) is planning to practise medicine as well as he used to.
3) is going to start walking.
4) wants to become a millionaire.