Second stonehenge discovered near original егэ ответы - Exhelper.top

Задание №8929.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. The beginning of animation
2. Language differences
3. Fewer than in real life
4. Important rules
5. Keep it simple
6. Different parts in one
7. Drawn secretly
8. The best drawn character

A. While all of the characters and places in Disney’s animation film “Hercules” have Greek names, there’s one character that doesn’t: Hercules! Like “Mars” is for “Ares” and “Neptune” is for “Poseidon”, “Hercules” is actually the Roman name for the Greek figure “Heracles”. If the movie was consistent, the movie’s main character and title would be “Heracles”. However, Disney executives chose the Roman “Hercules” because they said it was more familiar to the general public.

B. In 1888, French scientist Charles-Emile Reynaud invented a device called the Theatre Optique. It could project a strip of pictures onto a screen. Reynaud painted individual images onto flexible strips of gel to run through the projection system. He made three animated short films to demonstrate his invention. The first was a 12-15 minute film called “Poor Pierrot”, which was shown in 1892. Some consider this to be the first animated movie.

C. The most common mistake which beginner animators make when they think of a story idea is that their plot is too detailed and long. It’s great to have an imagination and visualization of an epic storyline that involves lots of characters and several plot lines. But it’s important to keep in mind that the time frame and the available resources are usually limited. For a beginner, it’s more sensible to work on a story that is not too complicated and easy to follow.

D. One of the most difficult tasks in making “Beauty and the Beast” film was the animation of the beast. In the end, the character’s face and body represented a combination of several animals. Glen Keane, an experienced Disney animator, included the mane of a lion, the beard and head shape of a buffalo, the tusks and nose bridge of a wild boar, the strongly-muscled brows of a gorilla, the legs and tail of a wolf, and the big and bulky body of a bear.

E. A lot of cartoon characters have four fingers on their hands instead of five. The reason is simple – hands with four fingers are easier to draw and animate. Cartoon characters are always simplified versions of their real life equivalents. Four-fingered hand saves a lot of time in animating and it really does not make any difference to us while watching. It all started with the very first Mickey Mouse cartoon. Walt Disney said that this was both an artistic and financial decision.

F. Animators have hidden representations of Mickey Mouse in most of the Disney films and all of the parks. It started as a joke between Walt Disney and other animators and became a tradition carried out for decades. “Hidden Mickeys” usually consist of three circles drawn to represent Mickey’s head and ears, but sometimes they draw Mickey in a crowd scene. Nowadays people have made a game out of searching for Hidden Mickeys in Disney movies.

G. Disney’s Twelve Basic Principles of Animation is a set of principles of animation introduced by the Disney animators Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas in their 1981 book “The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation”. Johnston and Thomas based their book on the work of the leading Disney animators, and their effort to produce more realistic animations. The book and some of its principles have been adopted by some traditional studios. Many people call it the “Bible of animation”.

Решение:
Заголовок 2 (Language differences. — Языковые различия) соответствует содержанию текста A: «If the movie was consistent, the movie’s main character and title would be “Heracles”.»

Заголовок 1 (The beginning of animation. — Начало анимации) соответствует содержанию текста B: «He made three animated short films to demonstrate his invention.»

Заголовок 5 (Keep it simple. — Будь проще) соответствует содержанию текста C: «… their plot is too detailed and long.»

Заголовок 6 (Different parts in one. — Различные части в одном) соответствует содержанию текста D: «In the end, the character’s face and body represented a combination of several animals.»

Заголовок 3 (Fewer than in real life. — Меньше, чем в реальной жизни) соответствует содержанию текста E: «A lot of cartoon characters have four fingers on their hands instead of five.»

Заголовок 7 (Drawn secretly. — Нарисовано тайно) соответствует содержанию текста F: «Animators have hidden representations of Mickey Mouse…»

Заголовок 4 (Important rules. — Важные правила) соответствует содержанию текста G: «Disney’s Twelve Basic Principles of Animation is a set of principles…»

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Источник: ФИПИ. Открытый банк тестовых заданий

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Тест ЕГЭ-2011 по английскому языку.

Демонстрационный вариант (II).

(Ответы в конце теста)

1. ЧТЕНИЕ (30 минут). Задания В2, В3, А15-А21

B2. Прочитайте тексты.

1. Her Majesty’s Government, in spite of its name, derives its authority and power from its party representation in Parliament. Parliament is housed in the Palace of Westminster, once a home of the monarchy. Like the monarchy, Parliament is an ancient institution, dating from the middle of the thirteenth century. Parliament is the seat of British democracy, but it is perhaps valuable to remember that while the House of Lords was created in order to provide a council of the nobility for the king, the Commons were summoned originally in order to provide the king with money.

2. The reigning monarch is not only head of state but symbol of the unity of the nation. The monarchy is Britain’s oldest secular institution, its continuity for over a thousand years broken only once by a republic that lasted a mere eleven years (1649-60). The monarchy is hereditary, the succession passing automatically to the oldest male child, or in the absence of males to the oldest female offspring of the monarch. In law the monarch is head of the executive and of the judiciary, head of the Church of England, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

3. The dynamic power of Parliament lies in its lower chamber. Of its 650 members, 523 represent constituencies in England, 38 in Wales, 72 in Scotland and 17 in Northern Ireland. There are only seats in the Commons debating chamber for 370 members, but except on matters of great interest, it is unusual for all members to be present at any one time. Many MPs find themselves in other rooms of the Commons, participating in a variety of committees and meetings necessary for an effective parliamentary process/

4. Britain is a democracy, yet its people are not, as one might expect in a democracy, constitutionally in control of the state. The constitutional situation is an apparently contradictory one. As a result of a historical process the people of Britain are subjects of the Crown, accepting the Queen as the head of the state. Yet even the Queen is not sovereign in any substantial sense since she receives her authority from Parliament, and is subject to its direction in almost all matters. This curious situation came about as a result of a long struggle for power between the Crown and Parliament during the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries.

5. Her Majesty’s Government governs in the name of the Queen, and its hub, Downing Street, lies in Whitehall, a short walk from Parliament. Following a general election, the Queen invites the leader of the majority party represented in the Commons, to form a government on her behalf. Government ministers are invariably members of the House of Commons, but infrequently members of the House of Lords are appointed. All government members continue to represent “constituencies” which elected them/

6. Each parliamentary session begins with the “State Opening of Parliament”, a ceremonial occasion in which the Queen proceeds from Buckingham Palace to the Palace of Westminster where she delivers the Queen’s Speech from her throne in the House of Lords. Her speech is drafted by her government, and describes what the government intends to implement during the forthcoming session. Leading members of the Commons may hear the speech from the far end of the chamber, but are not allowed to enter the House of Lords.

7. The upper chamber of Parliament is not democratic in any sense at all. It consists of four categories of peer. The majority are hereditary peers, a total of almost 800, but of whom only about half take an active interest in the affairs of the state. A smaller number, between 350 and 400, are “life” peers – an idea introduced in 1958 to elevate to the peerage certain people who rendered political or public service to the nation. The purpose was not only to honour but also to enhance the quality of business done in the Lords.

Установите соответствие между заголовками A – Н и текстами 1 – 7. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A) The House of Commons

B) Parliamentary Procedure

C) The House of Lords

D) Westminster

E) The System of Government

F) Parliamentary Committees

G) Whitehall

H) The Crown

B3. Прочитайте текст.

‘Second Stonehenge’ discovered near original

Archaeologists have discovered evidence of what they believe was a second Stonehenge located a little more than a mile away from the world-famous prehistoric monument.
The new find on the west bank of the river Avon has been called «Bluestonehenge», after the colour of the 25 Welsh stones of 1___________________.

Excavations at the site have suggested there was once a stone circle 10 metres in diameter and surrounded by a henge – a ditch with an external bank, according to the project director, Professor Mike Parker Pearson, of the University of Sheffield.

The stones at the site were removed thousands of years ago but the sizes of the holes in 2 _________________ indicate that this was a circle of bluestones, brought from the Preseli mountains of Wales, 150 miles away.

The standing stones marked the end of the avenue 3 __________________, a 1¾-mile long processional route constructed at the end of the Stone Age. The outer henge around the stones was built about 2400BC but arrowheads found in the stone circle indicate the stones were put up as much as 500 years earlier.

Parker Pearson said his team was waiting for results of radiocarbon dating
4 __________________ whether stones currently in the inner circle of Stonehenge were originally located at the other riverside construction.

Pearson said: «The big, big question is when these stones were erected and when they were removed – and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.».

He added: «We speculated in the past 5 ____________________ at the end of the avenue near the river. But we were completely unprepared to discover that there was an entire stone circle. Another team member, Professor Julian Thomas, said the discovery indicated 6 _________________ was central to the religious lives of the people who built Stonehenge. «Old theories about Stonehenge that do not explain the evident significance of the river will have to be rethought,» he said. Dr Josh Pollard, project co-director from the University of Bristol, described the discovery as «incredible».

Заполните пропуски 1 – 6 частями предложeний, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G лишняя.

A) which could reveal

B) which they stood

C) which it was once made up

D) that this stretch of the river Avon

E) that there might have been something

F) that it should be considered as integral part

G) that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании выберите вариант ответа: 1, 2, 3 или 4.

Getting What He Deserved?

There were seven or eight of us in the line, waiting to pay the cashier for our lunches. We were all in a hurry because that’s the way of the American business-day lunch. At the front of the line there was a pretty woman with a small boy of about eight. He was a cute little fellow wearing black jeans, white sneakers and a blue pullover sweater. A shock of dark hair fell over his eyes. He looked very much like his mother. The boy had a charming face with chiseled features but he was depressed.

As the woman fumbled in her purse, looking for money to pay her check, the kid noticed a display of candy bars beside the cash register and immediately wanted one.

“You can’t have any candy”, said his mother. “You had pie with your lunch”. She took out her handkerchief, then put it back and went on fumbling in her purse.

“But I want some candy”, said the kid. His tone was surprisingly insistent. Almost aggressive.

The mother continued her search for money in her purse, and the kid continued to whine about the candy. Then he began to stamp his feet and shout.

The rest of us in line were beginning to get fidgety. We bunched a little closer together and several folks began mumbling under their breath. “Ought to snatch him bald”, said one man quietly.

The kid by now was reaching for the candy display in open opposition to his mother. She grabbed his arm and pulled it away, but not before he clutched a Snickers bar in his hand.

“Put it back”, she said.

“No!” shouted the child. It was an arrogant “No!”.

The line bunched even more closely together, and the man who had suggested snatching the kid bald appeared ready to do so himself. So much for the kid’s shock of dark hair, I thought.

But the mother moved suddenly and with purpose. She paid the cashier, took back her change and dropped it into her purse. Then with one quick motion, she grabbed hold of the child’s pullover sweater and lifted him off the floor. The moment his sneakers came back to earth, she turned his back toward her and began flailing him. A look of disbelief came across the kid’s face. His eyes filled with tears. He tried to break away but that made his mother flail him again.

When she had finished administering the punishment, she turned the child around and pointed a finger squarely in his sobbing face. With a voice strong and certain, she said, “The next time I tell you do something, young man, will you do it?”

The child looked at the floor. Meekly and sincerely, he replied, “Yes, ma’am.”

The mother turned to go. The child returned the Snickers bar without further hesitation and marched dutifully out behind her.

The people in a line broke into spontaneous applause.

“Did the kid deserve the punishment he had? What would I do if I were his mother? She may have been absolutely right for all I know. I have no children. I have no right to argue with the mother” I thought. “There is nothing I can do but wait. Perhaps the best way to get an idea of normal behavior of children is to get married and raise a few”.

А15. The people in the cafe were all in a hurry because

1) they had to buy their lunch far away from the office.

2) they wanted to be the first in line to pay for the food.

3) it was the way they normally behaved at lunch time.

4) they had to buy their lunch before the cashier left for her lunch.

А16. The woman was fumbling in her purse because she wanted to

1) pay for her food.

2) buy a candy bar.

3) find her phone.

4) pay with a check.

А17. The mother would not let the child buy a candy bar because she

1) didn’t have enough money to pay for it.

2) was unreasonably strict with the little kid.

3) thought that he had enough candy already.

4) didn’t trust the quality of the candy from the display.

А18. The boy was persistent in getting what he wanted and the people in the line

1) supported him.

2) started to show irritation.

3) started to shout at the kid.

4) remained indifferent to the incident.

А19. Judging by the child’s reaction to the punishment we can say that

1) it did not teach him anything.

2) he wasn’t used to being spanked.

3) he was indifferent to being spanked.

4) he wasn’t ready to change his behavior.

А20. The people in a line broke into spontaneous applause because the child

1) was forced to obey.

2) managed to get his way.

3) Had already eaten the candy bar.

4) manipulated his mother skillfully.

А21. Reflecting on the incident the narrator thought that

1) The mother had overreacted.

2) The mother was right in her reaction.

3) he/she wanted his/her own children badly.

4) One should be a parent to have a right to judge.

2. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА (40 минут)

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце предложений, так чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

Where did basketball come from?

B4.

Basketball is now a major sport in the USA. Basketball __________________ by Dr. James Naismith at Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1891. Basketball is a game played between two teams of five players, in which each team tries to win points by throwing a ball through a net.

INVENT

В5.

Basketball is a very spectator-oriented sport. It is the __________________ most popular game in the USA. People enjoy both watching and playing it.

THREE

В6.

There__________________ many basketball centers in cities and towns of every state. They do not often produce sportsmen or sportswomen who are successful in world basketball championships but they help young people to keep fit and look athletic.

В7.

Basketball __________________ by men and women at all levels, from the professional level to high schools and clubs.

PLAY

В8.

One of the __________________ and the most famous basketball teams is the Harlem Globetrotters, formed in 1926. It has a lot of fans in the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, and New Zealand.

OLD

В9.

This team __________________ crowds of fans especially for final or championship matches. One can see photos of its members in newspapers and magazines all over the USA.

ATTRACT

В10.

The name of the team __________________ a symbol of a fast and furious play.

BECOME

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце предложений, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11 – В16.

The Opening Night

В11.

The Phantom of the Opera, Cats, Mama Mia… They are all stage musicals. The opening night of a new musical is always a ________________ event.

MARVEL

В12.

After years of __________________ and weeks of rehearsals the production has to be ready for the public and the critics.

PREPARE

В13.

First nights usually start earlier than the regular __________________ so that the critics can write their reviews in time to include them in the next morning’s newspapers.

PERFORM

В14.

The critics are the most __________________ people on the first night because their opinions will either help make the show a hit or force it to close.

FRIGHT

В15.

The rest of the audience on the first night is usually made up of friends of the cast and famous celebrities. The celebrities attract newspaper __________________ and help give the musical maximum publicity.

PHOTOGRAPH

В16.

There will also be some angels there who will __________________ be more nervous than the performers. And then after the curtain has come down and the show is over, there’s the opening night party.

PROBABLE

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22–А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям A22–A28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Укажите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

The Fruitcake Special

I was a chemist at the Amos Cosmetics factory in New Jersey, USA, trying to design a new perfume when it happened. I never thought I would discover something quite so amazing by A22______. Not me. I was only 23 and it was my second year at the factory. I liked my job very much but I was not a lucky person. I had come straight from the university then, but now I was a chemist in one of the biggest factories in New Jersey. It was an important position to have and meant lots of work

I was A23______ out all the usual mixes of flowers and things- just as I always did — when I decided to throw in a A24______ of the fruitcake Momma had packed for my lunch. I don’t know why I did it –just did it. I put it into the mix with all the other things.

I thought it A25______ nice, but there was nothing special about it, so I put the bottle into my handbag. I couldn’t give something like that to my boss. After all, I was a chemist and my job was to make perfumes in the proper A26______.

If I told him how I made this one he would tell me not to be a silly girl. Later, he would probably A27______ a joke about it to his friends at the golf club.

“Anna!”

It was my boss, David Amos. He happened to be walking past where I worked. I couldn’t A28______ being nervous. He was fairly sure of his good looks and never spoke to ordinary-looking girls like me. I was thrilled.

В каждом задании выберите один ответ.

А22.

1) incident

2) accident

3) event

4) occasion

А23.

1) producing

2) making

3) trying

4) doing

А24.

1) piece

2) lump

3) bunch

4) pinch

А25.

1) heard

2) touched

3) tasted

4) smelled

А26.

1) way

2) road

3) path

4) method

А27.

1) Do

2) produce

3) make

4) have

А28.

1) hold

2) feel

3) keep

4) help

Ответы:

Раздел 1	Раздел 2
B2	1D,2H,3A,4E,5G,6B,7C	B4	was invented
B3	1C,2B,3G,4A,5E,6D	B5	third
A15	3	B6	are
A16	1	B7	is played
A17	3	B8	oldest
A18	2	B9	attracts
A19	2	B10	has become
A20	1	B11	marvellous
A21	4	B12	preparation
		B13	performance
		B14	frightful
		B15	photographers
		B16	probably
		А22	2
		А23	3
		А24	1
		А25	4
		А26	1
		А27	3
		А28	4

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Демоверсия ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку с ответами

Демоверсия ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку с ответами. Демонстрационный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 г. АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК, 11 класс. Единый государственный экзамен по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. Письменная часть скачать Устная часть скачать Кодификатор — скачать Спецификация — скачать Смотрите также: Демоверсия ЕГЭ 2021 по английскому языку с ответами

Установите соответствие тем 1 — 8 текстам A — G. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

1. The invention of a highlighter

2. For drawing angles

3. Three-ring binder

4. Shaped like breadbaskets

5. An ancient writing tool

6. Important properties

7. Regional differences

8. For carrying textbooks

A. An ancient Roman writing instrument, the stylus, gave rise to the modem pencil. Some early styluses were made of lead. When graphite was documented in Borrowdale, England, in 1564, the mineral replaced the heavy metal. Graphite left a darker mark on papyrus, but it was so soft that it crumbled easily. To protect the graphite, a holder had to be fashioned for it. The first holders were nothing more than string wound around graphite sticks. Later, hollow wooden sticks replaced the string.

B. In the United States and Canada, it’s an eraser. But in the United Kingdom, India, Ireland, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand, the object used to eradicate pencil or ink marks is known as a rubber. Before 1770, when erasers first appeared, many people used small rubber or wax slabs to rub out their penciled mistakes. To eradicate errors in ink, they employed sandstone or pumice. Japanese writers used soft bread to erase pencil marks.

C. Starting in 1888, when American tanner John Loud patented his version of a ballpoint pen to mark hides, over 350 other inventors began patenting additional designs for a ballpoint pen, but none of them saw production. The viscosity, or thickness, of the ink had to be just right: too thin, and it leaked; too thick, and it clogged. The ink’s viscosity was often at the mercy of the temperature. In 1935, Ladislas and Greg Biro set out to invent a better pen and made their Biro pen.

D. Before the 1960s, when Japanese inventor Yukio Horie invented a felt-tip pen that used water-based ink, students kept track of important textbook information by making marginal notes and underlining key words and passages. In 1963, Carter’s Ink produced the Hi-Liter, a marker similar to Horie’s pen. Both instruments rely on capillary action to draw ink into their tips. Fluorescent colours were introduced in 1978. Since then, polyethylene beads molded into porous heads have replaced felt tips, and there are retractable and scented models.

E. The protractor has been measuring angles for 500 years. Mapma- ker Thomas Blundeville first described the instrument in his 1589 monograph. By the early 17th century, protractors were commonly used by maritime navigators. By the 20th century, their use among students in elementary and intermediate schools became prevalent. The variety of uses for protractors dictates their range of shapes. Protractors made of brass, steel, ivory, and plastic appear in the forms of circles, rectangles, squares, semicircles and quarter-circles.

F. German inventor and office supplier Friedrich Soennecken invented the ring binder in 1886. Later, two holes in the side of the binder were added, 80 millimeters apart from one another, setting the standard distance between these openings. When loose-leaf paper appeared in 1854, Henry T. Sisson invented the two- and three- ring binders, but they weren’t mass-produced until 1899, when the Chicago Binder and File Company began to sell the product. The three-ring version remains the most favoured by today’s students.

G. Backpacks haven’t been around for very long. Before their advent, students strapped stacks of books together and carried them at the end of leather or cloth thongs. Alternatively, they carried them by hand, boys slung under their arms, girls cradling them as though they were babes in arms. In 1938, outdoor clothing and gear retailer Gerry Outdoors invented the first zippered backpack, but students weren’t interested in them at the time. They sold mostly to campers, hikers, and skiers. Students stuck with straps or used small briefcases called satchels.

Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. (курсивом отмечено то, как будет написано в оригинале, здесь же вы сами должны послушать два раза, если послушаете больше, то можете считать ваш результат неправильным. Ответы вводить нужно в формы ввода — места на странице, в которых можно печатать.)

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.

A Ricky’s songs are about the lives of famous people.

B The message in Ricky’s songs is difficult to understand.

C Ricky’s popularity is on the increase.

D Money is unimportant to Ricky.

E Ricky has followed the advice of some of his fans.

F Ricky thinks his fans are disappointed when they meet him.

G Ricky is anxious about his new album.

Утверждение

Соответствие диалогу

Вы услышите выступление специалиста по проблемам ядерной энергии. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

According to the narrator, nuclear power
1) is a solution to climate change.
2) is protected against climate change.
3) can be susceptible to climate change.
Ответ: .

Nuclear power plants are usually located

1) in the mountains.

2) near rivers, seas or oceans.

3) in the deserts.

Ответ: .

Nuclear power plants face the greatest danger from

1) hurricanes.

2) rising water temperatures.

3) flooding.

Ответ: .

During hurricanes,
1) preventive measures are always taken.
2) all doors in a nuclear plant should be left open.
3) safety equipment must be protected from flying debris.
Ответ: .

In the future, floods are going to become

1) quite rare.

2) rather infrequent.

3) more common.

Ответ: .

During the 2003 heat wave, the French government relaxed the environmental regulations

1) to keep up the supply of energy.

2) to increase the amount of electricity.

3) to reduce their power output.

Ответ: .

New nuclear reactors are likely

1) to be less vulnerable to climate change.

2) to be too expensive.

3) to have higher water requirements.

Ответ: .

Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Necessary Components
2. Important Conclusion
3. Useful Advice
4. Significant Difference

5. Health Risks
6. Moderation Is the Key!
7. Diet and Exercise
8. Benefits of Good Nutrition

A. Developing healthy eating habits is simpler and easier than you might think. You will look and feel better if you make a habit of eating healthfully. You will have more energy and your immune system will be stronger. When you eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables you are lowering your risk of heart disease, cancers and many other serious health ailments. Healthy eating habits are your ticket to a healthier body and mind.

B. A four-week clinical trial that tested the new regimen found that overweight adults who consumed a high-protein, entirely vegan diet were able to lose about the same amount of weight as a comparison group of dieters on a high-carbohydrate, low-fat vegetarian dairy diet. But while those on the high-carbohydrate dairy diet experienced drops of 12 percent in their cholesterol, those on the high-protein vegan diet saw cholesterol reductions of 20 percent.

C. ‘The idea preyed on me for a long time. If the Atkins Diet looks good, and it’s got so much saturated fat and cholesterol in it, suppose we took that out and put vegetarian protein sources in, which may lower cholesterol,’ Dr. Jenkins said. ‘We know that nuts lower cholesterol and prevent heart disease, and soy is eaten in the Far East, where they don’t get much heart disease. So we put these foods together as protein and fat sources.’

D. The first official warning about the dangers of the Atkins diet was issued by the government amid concern about the rising number of people opting for the high-fat, high-protein diet. Cutting out starchy foods can be bad for your health because you could be missing out on a range of nutrients. Low-carbohydrate diets tend to be high in fat, and this could increase your chances of developing coronary heart disease.

E. Earlier this year, a large study that compared different kinds of diets — including low-fat and low-carbohydrate plans — found that the method didn’t matter as long as people cut calories. That study also found that after two years, most people had regained at least some of the weight they had lost. Dr. Tuttle said that while different weight loss plans offer people different ‘tricks’ and strategies, ultimately, ‘It really comes down to calories in and calories out.’

F. When you think about nutrition, be aware of serving sizes. Many people will eat everything on their plate, regardless of how hungry they actually are. If you know you tend to clean your plate, make an effort to reduce your serving size. If you’re eating out or dining at a friend’s house, don’t be shy about asking for smaller portion sizes. Too much of any one food is a bad thing. There are no bad foods, just bad eating habits.

G. Your body has to stay well hydrated to perform at its best and to properly process all the nutrients in the food you eat. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising. If you are trying to lose weight, add plenty of ice to each glass of water. Your body will burn energy to warm the water up to body temperature.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу. (в поля ввода под текстом)

Stonehenge is probably the most important prehistoric monument in Britain. The Stonehenge that we see today is the final stage A ____________. But first let us look back 5,000 years.

The first Stonehenge was a large earthwork or Henge, comprising a ditch, bank, and the Aubrey holes, all probably built around 3100 BC. The Aubrey holes are round pits in the chalk, about one metre wide and deep, B ____________. Excavations have revealed cremated human bones in some of the chalk filling, but the holes themselves were probably made not for the purpose of graves but as part of the religious ceremony. Shortly after this stage Stonehenge was abandoned, left untouched for over 1000 years.

The second and most dramatic stage of Stonehenge started around 2150 BC. Some 82 bluestones from south-west Wales were transported to the site. It is thought that these stones, some weighing 4 tonnes each, were dragged on rollers and sledges to the headwaters and then loaded onto rafts. This astonishing journey covered nearly 240 miles. Once at the site, these stones were set up in the centre C ____________.

The third stage of Stonehenge, about 2000 BC, saw the arrival of the Sarsen stones. The largest of the Sarsen stones weigh 50 tonnes and transportation by water would have been impossible D ____________. These stones were arranged in an outer circle with a continuous run of lintels. Inside the circle, five trilithons were placed in a horseshoe arrangement, E ____________.

The final stage took place soon after 1500 BC F ____________. The original number of stones in the bluestone circle was probably around sixty. They have long since been removed or broken up. Some remain only as stumps below ground level.

when the bluestones were rearranged in the horseshoe and circle that we see today
to form an incomplete double circle
which form a circle about 284 feet in diameter
which were almost certainly brought from the Marlborough Downs
so the stones could only have been moved using sledges and ropes
whose remains we can still see today
that was completed about 3,500 years ago

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

My room faces the sun in the morning and on clear summer mornings it wakes me bright and fresh, no matter what time I stayed up till. I get up and make breakfast, watch TV, have a shower. If it’s before six in the morning, I usually have a cup of tea and go back to bed where I’ll doze until seven. If I stay at my sister’s, I sleep until the kids wake me or until she comes rolling in, poured from the back of some taxi, whichever is earlier. I’m an early riser, and a dead sleeper.

This morning I wake up with a twitch, like the alarm clock in my head has given me a little electric jolt. It isn’t sunny outside. I pull back the curtains and the sky is dark grey, the same colour as the sea and it looks like the sun won’t appear before tomorrow. Today is Dad’s birthday. Every year on my Dad’s birthday I draw a picture of him and each year he looks a bit different. I’m an artist. There, I said it. It’s not that I draw a straighter line or a truer circle, as they try to teach us to do at school. I just get the message across more clearly than other people. More truthfully. I know it.

I read a lot of books too, mainly about artists, and I go through phases when I like a certain artist or a movement. And I try to paint like them. When my dad comes back, I’ll be able to say ‘this is you when I was twelve and I was in love with Monet’ or ‘this is you on your thirty-eighth birthday, when I was fourteen and I wanted to paint like Dante Gabriel Rossetti.’ And he’ll look at each painting and know that I loved him and never forgot him.

At the moment I’m into lines, simple lines. It’s a development of a six month obsession I had with calligraphy, which came out of a phase I had with cartoons, which came from Liechtenstein and Warhol, and so on all the way back. So I get out my charcoals, and a couple of sticks of chalk and I pin a heavy sheet of grey A3 paper onto a board and rest it on my knee as I sit on the bed.

On Saturday mornings when my Mum worked, he’d take me to town and I’d drag him around the art shops. On my eighth birthday he bought me an easel, a real one, not a kiddie’s. On my ninth birthday he bought me oils. On my sixth birthday he bought me a box of 99 crayons. ‘Draw me,’ he’d say. ‘Oh, Dad, I can’t.’ Some mornings I’d wake up and there’d be a book on my pillow about Picasso, or Chagall.

I should go to school, I really should. I’m not one of those kids who are scared to go. I don’t get bullied and I’m not thick. I just can’t find a good reason to waste my day in a classroom studying physics or citizenship or Buddhism. I could learn them in the library. Phil, the head of year eleven, will bollock me for it tomorrow, if I go in. I’ll tell Phil the truth, it was my Dad’s birthday and I spent it with him.

So I spend some time thinking about his hair, which I think is probably no more grey than it was last year. I know hair doesn’t age at the same speed every year, but I make his hair longer this year. And in my mind’s eye I give him an extra few pounds too. But I keep the smile fixed in my head, maybe a little muted, like it is when he’s happy but distracted, or trying to understand me when I’m babbling to him.

It’s head and shoulders, so I’ll put him in a T-shirt that shows his neck and throat and how strong he is and how his eyes sparkle and how his eyebrows are dead level straight and still black. I try to think of how much I want to show and how much I want to tell. Then I pick up a charcoal stick and do it. I pick up a chalk to add a suggestion of colour to his eyes, then another chalk for his mouth. And there he is. Dad.

(Adapted from ‘It’s Just the Sun Rising’ by James Ross)

That morning the narrator was woken up by

1) the kids.
2) his sister.

3) nobody.
4) an alarm clock.

Ответ: .

The narrator considers himself to be an artist because
1) he can draw a straighter line and a truer circle.
2) he gets lots of messages from other people.
3) he can speak to people more truthfully.
4) he is able to convey his ideas better than other people.
Ответ: .

The narrator’s manner of painting
1) is similar to Monet’s.
2) is like Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s.
3) comes from Liechtenstein and Warhol.
4) is constantly changing.
Ответ: .

The narrator was encouraged to paint by

1) his mother.
2) his father.

3) his brother.
4) his friend Phil.

Ответ: .

The narrator doesn’t want to go to school because

1) he prefers to study on his own.
2) he doesn’t like some subjects.

3) he is bullied at school.
4) he is scared to go there.

Ответ: .

In paragraph 6 ‘I’m not thick’ means that the narrator is

1) healthy.
2) clever.

3) strong.
4) hard-working.

Ответ: .

Compared to the previous year, the narrator’s father

1) has much greyer hair.
2) has a happier smile.

3) is a bit fatter.
4) is much stronger.

Ответ: .

Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.

Обратите внимание, что по правилам ЕГЭ ответы нужно писать без пробелов и других знаков, например, правильный ответ ‘have done’ нужно будет записать как ‘havedone’, иначе ваш ответ не засчитается.

What Can Computers Do?

Computers and microchips part of our everyday lives.

BECOME

We read magazines which on computers, we buy things with the help of computers, we pay bills prepared by computers.

PRODUCE

Just а phone call involves the use of а sophisticated computer system.

MAKE

In the past, life without computers was much than it is today.

DIFFICULT

The first computers were able to multiply long numbers, but they do anything else.

NOT CAN

Nobody stories about robots and space travel, but now computers are able to do almost all difficult jobs.

BELIEVE

What makes your computer such а miraculous device? It is а personal
communicator that you to interact with other computers and with people around the world. And you can even use your PC to relax with computer games.

ENABLE

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

A Challenge for Europe

Recently there has been a small in the number of people out of work in Europe.

REDUCE

However, is still the number one social problem facing the 15 member states of the European Union.

EMPLOY

Moreover, of opportunity between men and women is still an issue that politicians in many countries have not come to grips with.

EQUAL

In professions such as law and engineering women are still by their absence.

NOTICE

still discriminate against women in a number of ways even if their qualifications are the same as those of men.

EMPLOY

It would be a pity if the of the EU on an economic level were marred by failure in the vital area of social policy.

ACHIEVE

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Charity

A lot of people in our world have little or no money at all. Many of them are homeless and can’t enjoy what most of us take for 32____. They need our help and there are a lot of charity organizations to help poor people. Because of charities many homeless people have shelters, hungry children have been fed, a lot of diseases have already been 33____ and many animals are safe.

Around the world there are a lot of children who suffer from different diseases, running 34____ time and hope. The biggest charity project in Russia is ‘Contribution to the Future’ whose goal is to help any child in need. Its programmes help poor, homeless and disabled children.

There are a lot of people in the world who have chosen charity as their main mission in life. One of the most famous missionaries was Mother Teresa. She lived the hard life of the poor alongside them; she knew how it felt sleeping on hard floors and living on dirty streets. And because she was experiencing 35____ what the people she was helping were going through, she so effectively knew how to give. Besides meeting people’s basic physical needs by giving them food and medicine, she met people’s emotional needs as well.

A lot of rich people also feel the necessity to help the poor. For example, Bill Gates is a famous billionaire, but he is also a noted philanthropist who donated the proceeds of his successful books to 36____ educational organizations. He has also given millions to initiatives in global health and learning, hoping to 37____ more and more people to have access to 38____ facilities in these areas. A good example is the opening of ‘The School of the Future’ in Philadelphia, sponsored by his company ‘Microsoft’.

The spirit of philanthropy is not about what or how much you give but rather about the feeling that you are helping others in need.

1) common

2) granted

3) usual

4) life

Ответ: .

1) recovered

2) healed

3) cared

4) cured

Ответ: .

1) with

2) out

3) of

4) out of

Ответ: .

1) first-hand

2) first-rate

3) first-time

4) first-ever

Ответ: .

1) unprofit

2) unprofitable

3) non-profit

4) non-profitable

Ответ: .

1) unable

2) enable

3) let

4) make

Ответ: .

1) visible

2) vigorous

3) vivid

4) vital

Ответ: .

Ваш результат: пока 0.

Далее вы можете набрать еще 40 баллов. Автоматически это проверить нельзя, поэтому сделайте реалистичный прогноз о том, сколько бы вы смогли набрать баллов, и получите ваш итоговый результат ЕГЭ.

Если возник вопрос по ответу, в котором вы ошиблись, можете задать его в комментариях.

Раздел 4. ПИСЬМО

Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.

…and then there’s a rugby match on Saturday. If our team wins, we’ll be the champions of our school. Who knows?

And another thing. I have to do a project on technology for school. Could you tell me a few things about how you use technology in your life? You know, computers, mobiles, TV, that sort of things. And what about your relatives? How do they use technology in their everyday lives?

Anyway, I met Mark the other day and he said that…

Write back to Rob.
In your letter
— answer his questions
— ask 3 questions about rugby
Write 100 — 140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.

За это задание вы можете получить 6 баллов максимум.

Comment on the following statement.

What is your opinion? Are computers going to replace printed books in the future?

Write 200 — 250 words.

— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give 2—3 reasons for your opinion
— express an opposing opinion and give 1—2 reasons for this opposing opinion
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
— make a conclusion restating your position

За это задание вы можете получить 14 баллов максимум.

Раздел 5. ГОВОРЕНИЕ

— За 1,5 минуты нужно подготовиться и в следующие 1,5 минуты выразительно прочитать текст вслух — 1 балл.
— Составление 5 вопросов на основе ключевых слов. На подготовку отводится 1,5 минуты, затем каждый вопрос надо сформулировать в течение 20 секунд — 5 баллов.
— 3 фотографии. Нужно выбрать 1 и описать ее по предложенному тут же в задании плану за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
— 2 картинки. Нужно сравнить их, описать сходства и различия, объяснить, почему выбранная тематика близка выпускнику, за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.

Источник

B2. Прочитайте тексты.

Установите соответствие между заголовками A – Н и текстами 1 – 7. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

A) The House of Commons

B) Parliamentary Procedure

C) The House of Lords

D) Westminster

E) The System of Government

F) Parliamentary Committees

G) Whitehall

H) The Crown

B3. Прочитайте текст.

‘Second Stonehenge’ discovered near original

Pearson said: «The big, big question is when these stones were erected and when they were removed – and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.».

Заполните пропуски 1 – 6 частями предложeний, обозначенными буквами A – G. Одна из частей в списке А – G лишняя.

A) which could reveal

B) which they stood

C) which it was once made up

D) that this stretch of the river Avon

E) that there might have been something

F) that it should be considered as integral part

G) that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge

Раздел 1
B2	1D,2H,3A,4E,5G,6B,7C
B3	1C,2B,3G,4A,5E,6D

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«Подготовка к ЕГЭ Чтение»

Источник

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение.

1. The speaker was glad when she/he was given more serious work to do.

2. The speaker learned nothing important at work.

3. The speaker did not want to take any responsibility.

4. The speaker didn’t mind doing a lot of things during work practice.

5. The speaker wants to do the same kind of work in the future.

6. The speaker has a different idea of the profession after completing the practice.

7. The speaker felt rather nervous before starting work.

play

Задание B1. Аудирование

Speaker A.
For my work practice I worked at Middle School. Over the two weeks I watched the teachers and worked with the children. I interacted with the pupils and helped encourage them to learn during their lessons. Teaching and working with children was much harder than I expected it to be, it isn’t a simple job. A full classroom of children can be very hard to control, so I have total respect for teachers now.

Speaker В.
For my work practice I worked at the City Hospital. I think it is good to get some work experience because we get to see what it is like to work somewhere. I had a lot of different jobs to do: I helped make beds, take people’s pulse and blood pressure, make tea or coffee for the patients in the ward, serve lunches at lunchtime and get people’s notes ready. I enjoyed talking to the patients, bringing a smile to their faces.

Speaker С.
I worked at a big store. I really didn’t enjoy myself and I think it was really a waste of time. During the day I worked from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. putting products on shelves. I got a morning break, a lunch hour and an afternoon break which was very good! Some of the time I was able to work on the customer help desk in the store. I wasn’t given much responsibility and wasn’t taught anything new during the day.

Speaker D.
Now I am working in a department store and I like it but I clearly remember my first impressions. They were like OH MY GOD look how long I have to work and OH MY GOD I have to wear a horrible looking uniform! I was really afraid to call the store to arrange my first visit. But after I had spoken to the manager and she had answered all my questions some of my fears were gone.

Speaker E.
I worked at a graphics company. During my two weeks I basically did nothing except helping the staff to deliver things and collect equipment. The worst part of my work experience was at the beginning when I didn’t have a lot to do. I was sitting watching people work, but as the days went on, I was given more responsibility. I really enjoyed my time at work practice and found it really interesting.

Speaker F.
I worked with children, helping out in Physical Education classes during the day and attending clubs and matches after school. The children were aged between 9 and 13. My best moment was helping children to play cricket. I really enjoy sport and enjoy the interaction with others. So working with children or something to do with sports is what I would like to do when I become an adult.

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А1-A7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу.

A1 The job gives Lisa an opportunity to travel abroad.

A2 The check-in process at the airport makes Lisa nervous.

A3 Lisa always feels comfortable during the flight.

A4 When on business trips Lisa doesn’t have to work long hours.

A5 On her business trips Lisa signs a lot of important contracts.

A6 Lisa spends a lot of money in duty-free shops.

A7 There is a computer in the business lounge for passengers who want to do some urgent work.

Adrienne: So, Lisa, I see your suitcase out. You are going on a trip.
Lisa: I’m going to Taiwan on a business trip.
Adrienne: A business trip. How do you feel about taking business trips?
Lisa: I love getting out of London for, you know, three or four days and staying at a nice hotel (somewhere in Europe or America) and taking a flight somewhere.
Adrienne: So you like to travel?
Lisa: I love travelling.
Adrienne: You don’t mind staying in different hotels and travelling by plane all the time. Don’t you get bored?
Lisa: No, never. I mean, I don’t always like the whole process of checking in at the airport because it takes a lot of time but somehow I’ve got used to queuing and stay calm. Then there’s waiting for the plane…. It’s so long and tiring. Um…, I always feel bored. But as soon as I’m in the plane and the doors close, I love it. No one can contact me. I can’t contact anyone else. There are free movies playing and the food comes. It’s wonderful.
Adrienne: So it seems you like living in a bubble. It’s like a mini-vacation.
Lisa: Well, when I go on business trips my working day is up to 14 hours. In terms of my workload, it’s a lot busier than when I am at home. But somehow it does feel like a mini-vacation. I stay in nice hotels. I get to take taxis everywhere, which I love to do. You know, I eat at great restaurants and meet with great people and do some important things so yeah, I really do love the whole aspect of a business traveller’s life.
Adrienne: So what do you do to try to avoid being bored when you’re waiting to board the plane?
Lisa: Well, the first thing I do is I never get to the airport too early, as I’m a frequent flier. I check in and then I, unfortunately, go to the duty-free shop. I say unfortunately, ‘cause it’s unfortunate for my credit card, not really unfortunate for me. I go to the duty-free shop. Normally I buy some perfume or cosmetics. Sometimes I go to the business lounge, where there are free drinks and food and if I do get to the airport a couple of hours earlier, I do some urgent work.
Adrienne: I see. Sounds like an exciting lifestyle.
Lisa: It’s fun. I wouldn’t give it up for anything else.

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях А8 – А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

A8 John has to use artificial fur because

1)It makes clothes look better.

2)It is less expensive than the real one.

3) His clients want to wear it.

A9 Walking down Fifth Avenue one day, John realized that

1)A lot of fur people wear was not artificial.

2)He could hardly see people wearing fur.

3)Clothes with fur trim had gone out of fashion.

A10 What does John do in his fight for cruelty-free fashion?

1)He accuses publicly the Scandinavian fur industry of killing animals for fur.

2)He encourages students to get away from real fur in their designs.

3)He supports designers who participate in cruelty-free design contests.

A11 John thinks that the main reason why many designers still work with fur is because

1)It is a good way to invest money.

2)People want to show off.

3)A lot of people are selfish and uncaring.

A12 What does John mean comparing the fight against racism to that for cruelty-free fashion?

1)Fighting for justice always involves violence.

2)People’s outlook on different things changes gradually.

3) Both problems are equally important.

A13 John thinks that it would be easier for him to become a vegetarian if

1)He had been raised in a family of vegetarians.

2)More vegetarian products were available.

3)He ate only chicken rather than red meat.

A14 What is John going to do to protect animals from being killed for their fur?

1) He is going to persuade his clients not to buy fur clothes.

2) He is thinking of refusing to use artificial fur in his collections.

3) He is thinking of heading up some animal protection organization.

Presenter: John, you’re one of very few major designers who are publicly committed to being fur-free.
John: I haven’t used fur in my collections for over 16 years. I haven’t used leather for probably almost as long.
Presenter: What’s your opinion about using artificial animal products, like fur and leather, for example? They look so much like real fur that people might get the wrong idea.
John: You’re absolutely right. The technology has advanced so much that you’re able to get the look and feel of real fur. And also leather — with leather, even more than with fur, the technological alternative is so obvious that there is no argument about it. It’s more durable and the price…, well, it varies a lot, sometimes it can cost as much as real leather. But the problem is that you’re propagating the idea that fur is acceptable by wearing it, because a lot of people can’t tell what is real and what is not real. You know, I’d refuse to use even artificial fur, but I can’t because of my clients, for whom fur is a status symbol.
Presenter: Is fur still a big deal in fashion? It seemed to go out of fashion for a while.
John: I know. I just got back from an appointment uptown. The weather was so nice I decided to walk down Fifth Avenue. The amount of furs that I saw on people and the amount of fur trim — whether on men’s jackets or baubles hanging from hats to full length coats — is surprising. And as an expert in this field, I can tell what is fake and what’s not, and the amount of real fur out there is shocking.
Presenter: I think your fight for cruelty-free fashion is really tough. What about your opponents?
John: There are a lot of them. For example, the Scandinavian fur industry is one of many. It keeps trying to bring furs back into fashion. They educate young designers about the different animal furs available, giving them furs free, and helping them integrate fur into their designs. I’m actively engaging with young designers as well but in a different manner. In addition to my own participation in the ‘Cool vs. Cruel’ design contests, I’m a guest lecturer at some very prestigious city design schools. This semester I’m challenging students to create a collection ‘without any animal products’ at all.
Presenter: So are only industries like the Scandinavian fur one responsible for fur in fashion or are there any other reasons?
John: Of course, there’s a financial aspect to it. You know, I could have got millions of dollars in fur licensing by now. I could be rich. I would be able to live a much better lifestyle than I’m living right now if I had taken these offers. But I sleep in peace at night knowing that Pm not part of that. Then there’s also this, you know, ‘well why should I worry about animals’ attitude with a lot of people who are in fashion. I think this is a major problem here. They only think about themselves, and their reputations. They are self-obsessed. They are the worst!
Presenter: What do you think are some ways we can get the fashion-wearing public and designers to care?
John: I think just constantly making them aware of the cruelty involved. Just a continuous bombardment with information. I believe in protesting without violence, of course, that’s exactly what we’re trying to fight against — violence against animals. It’s a slow process which could be compared, maybe to…, for example, to the long-lasting fight of black people for their rights. A hundred years ago people also thought that black people shouldn’t have the rights of white people. And 30 years ago people thought that smoking was okay for you. It’s all a matter of becoming a more advanced society and more caring individuals.
Presenter: John, are you a vegetarian?
John: You know, I’m trying to become a vegetarian. But having been brought up in a traditional way, it’s always a battle. I eat red meat once in a while. Now and then I also have chicken. I think today vegetarian food is available not only for well-to-do people but for everybody. The problem is dietary habits you have had since your early childhood. They are difficult to change. I know it’s a slow process, but I hope by the end of this year I’ll have completely cut meat out.
Presenter: John, what first made you aware of the cruelty involved in fur?
John: I think any intelligent person, no matter how old he or she is, realizes there’s death involved with this type of fashion. And you read about it and just become aware of how savage this industry is. When I was a young designer, I had a bunch of fur, which I used in one of my collections. And I thought, ‘Oh how beautiful, how fabulous!’ My clients also admired the collection. But then I became aware of what goes on, and I guess, more mature as an individual and a more of a caring person about the environment and the lives of helpless animals. It’s really depressing to realize that we aren’t doing enough to protect the environment. Maybe I even shouldn’t be showing fake fur. With the technology today artificial fur looks so real that by wearing it you are advertising it. I would like to help as much as I can with any of the organizations that want to help protect animals, including vocal protests as well as financially.

Раздел 2. Чтение

B2 Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

1. Education: the Way to the Top 5. Things Worth Learning

2. From Agony to Love 6. The Right Word Can Bring Changes

3. Teaching to Learn 7. What My Father Taught Me

4. Learning That Never Stops 8. The Power of Numbers

A. Education has the power to transform a person’s life. I am the living example of this. When I was on the streets, I thought I was not good at anything but I wrote a poem, and it got published. I went back to school to learn. I have learned the benefit of research and reading, of debate and listening. One day soon a group of fresh-faced college students will call me professor.

B. Language has the capacity to change the world and the way we live in it. People are often afraid to call things by their direct names, use taboos not to notice dangerous tendencies. Freedom begins with naming things. This has to happen in spite of political climates, careers being won or lost, and the fear of being criticized. After Helen Caldicott used the word ‘nuclear arms race’ an anti-nuclear movement appeared.

C. I never wanted to be a teacher. Yet years later, I find myself teaching high school English. I consider my job to be one of the most important aspects of my life, still I do not teach for the love of teaching. I am a teacher because I love to learn, and I have come to realize that the best way to learn is to teach.

D. One day my sister and I got one and the same homework. My sister finished the task in 2 minutes and went off to play. But I could not do it, so I went into my sister’s room and quickly copied her work. But there was one small problem: my father caught me. He didn’t punish me, but explained that cheating makes people feel helpless. And then I was left feeling guilty for cheating.

E. Lifelong learning does not mean spending all my time reading. It is equally important to get the habit of asking such questions as ‘what don’t I know about this topic, or subject?’, ‘what can I learn from this moment or person?’, and ‘what more do I need to learn?’ regardless of where I am, who I am talking to, or what I am doing.

F. Math has always been something that I am good at. Mathematics attracts me because of its stability. It has logic; it is dependable and never changes. There might be some additions to the area of mathematics, but once mathematics is created, it is set in stone. We would not be able to check emails or play videogames without the computer solving complex algorithms.

G. When my high school English teacher asked us to read Shakespeare, I thought it was boring and too difficult. I agonized over the syntax — I had never read anything like this. But now I am a Shakespeare professor, arid enjoy teaching Hamlet every semester. Each time I re-read the play, I find and learn something new for myself.

B3 Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.

‘Second Stonehenge’ discovered near original

Archaeologists have discovered evidence of what they believe was a second Stonehenge located a little more than a mile away from the world-famous prehistoric monument.The new find on the west bank of the river Avon has been called «Bluestonehenge», after the colour of the 25 Welsh stones of A___________________.
Excavations at the site have suggested there was once a stone circle 10 metres in diameter and surrounded by a henge — a ditch with an external bank, according to the project director, Professor Mike Parker Pearson, of the University of Sheffield.The stones at the site were removed thousands of years ago but the sizes of the holes in B _________________ indicate that this was a circle of bluestones, brought from the Preseli mountains of Wales, 150 miles away.The standing stones marked the end of the avenue C __________________, a 1¾-mile long processional route constructed at the end of the Stone Age. The outer henge around the stones was built about 2400BC but arrowheads found in the stone circle indicate the stones were put up as much as 500 years earlier.Parker Pearson said his team was waiting for results of radiocarbon dating D __________________ whether stones currently in the inner circle of Stonehenge were originally located at the other riverside construction.Pearson said: «The big, big question is when these stones were erected and when they were removed — and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.»
He added: «We speculated in the past E ____________________ at the end of the avenue near the river. But we were completely unprepared to discover that there was an entire stone circle. Another team member, Professor Julian Thomas, said the discovery indicated F_________________ was central to the religious lives of the people who built Stonehenge. «Old theories about Stonehenge that do not explain the evident significance of the river will have to be rethought,» he said. Dr Josh Pollard, project co-director from the University of Bristol, described the discovery as «incredible».

1. which could reveal
2. which they stood
3. which it was once made up
4. that this stretch of the river Avon
5. that there might have been something
6. that it should be considered as integral part
7. that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1,2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

Sisters.

     « Dear Kathy! Chance made us sisters, hearts made us friends.» This quote is at the center of a collage of photographs- covering our twenty- something years – that now hangs in my office. My sister, Susie, made it for me as a wedding present. It probably cost very little to make ( she is starving college student, after all), but it means more to me than any of the more « traditional» wedding presents my husband and I received from family and friends last June. Whenever I look at the collage, it reminds me of my sister and what a true friend she is.
     Susie and I were not always close friends. Far from it, in fact. We shared a room for nearly fifteen years when we were younger, and at the time I thought I could not have asked for a worse roommate. She was always around! If we argued and I wanted to go to my room to be alone, she’d follow me right in. If I told her to go away, she’d say right back, « it is my room. Too! And I can be here if I want to!» I `d consult my mother and she usually agreed with Susie. I suppose being three years younger has its benefits.
     When we were kids, she’d borrow my dolls without asking. (And no toy was safe in her hands). When we got older, Susie quit borrowing my toys and started borrowing my clothes. That was the final straw. I couldn’t take anymore. I begged my parents to let me have a room of my own – preferably one with a lock on the door. The answer was always a resolution «no». «Please?!» I’d beg. My parents would just shake their heads. They didn’t agree with each other on much, but for some reason they had a united front on this issue.
     To crown it all, she had this habit of doing everything. I did. Choirs, rock bands, sport teams, dance studios: There was no place where I was safe. « She looks up to you”, my mom would say. I didn’t care. I just wanted a piece of my life that didn’t involve my little sister. When I complained to my mother, she’d just smile and say, «one day you’ll want her around. » Sure.
    It’s strange how mothers have their habit of being right about everything. When I was sixteen and my sister was thirteen, we went through a series of life- changing events together that would forever change our relationship. First, my parents announced that they were divorcing. My dad packed up and moved to an apartment in New Hampshire- more than a half hour drive away from a cozy house in Massachusetts. He bought me my first car and I often went with Susie to his place when we missed him a lot. During those trips we started discussing our troubles and making plans about how to return the family again. But a year later, our father met his future second wife and moved again; this time to Indiana. This meant we could only see him once or twice a year, as opposed to once every few weeks. That was hard.
      Yet those few months changed my relationship with my sister forever. We started having more heart- to- heart talks as opposed to silly fights. Over time, she became my most cherished friend. It’s not uncommon for us to have three-hour long telephone conversations about everything or about nothing- just laughing over memories from childhood or high school.
      She’d the only person who’s been through all of the tough stuff that I’ve been through, and the only person who truly understands me. Susie and I have shared so much. She’d been my roommate, my   friend, and my partner in crime. We’ve done plays together, gone to amusement parks, sang, and taken long road trips together. We’ve laughed until our sides hurt, and wiped away each others` tears.
Even though distance separates us now, we’re closer than ever. Sisters share a special bond. They’ve seen all of your most embarrassing moments. They know your deepest, darkest secrets. Most importantly, they love you unconditionally. I’m lucky to be able to say that my little sister is my best friend. I only wish everyone could be so fortunate.

A15 Why is the collage of photographs more important for Kathy than the other wedding presents?

1) It reminds Kathy of her wedding.
2) Kathy didn’t like the other wedding presents.
3) It was the most expensive present.
4) Kathy’s sister made it for her.

A16 Why was Kathy against sharing a room with her sister?

1)They always quarreled.
2) Susie never left her alone
3) They were of different age.
4) Susie said it was her own room.

A17 What did Kathy call the last straw in paragraph 3?

1) The fact that Susie often borrowed Kathy’s toys.
2) The fact that Susie never asked for the things she borrowed.
3) The fact that Susie began to wear Kathy’s clothes without her permission.
4) The fact that Susie broke all her toys she played with.

A18 What was Kathy’s greatest wish that she mentions in paragraph 4?

1)To have a separate life from her sister.
2)To live in peace and safety.
3)To never part with her sister.
4)To have the same hobbies as her sister.

A19 When did the relationship between Susie and Kathy start to change?

1) When they moved to a new house.
2) After their father married for the second time.
3) After their parents divorced.
4) When Kathy’s father bought her a car.

A20 What are Kathy’s relationships with Susie now?

1) They hate each other.
2) They are close friends.
3) They are busyness partner.
4) They don’t see each other.

A21 Why do the sisters understand each other?

1) They have got the same hobbies.
2) They have similar sense of humor.
3) They love each other very much.
4) They have similar life experience.

Источник

Archaeologists have discovered evidence of what they believe was a second Stonehenge located a little more than a mile away from the world-famous prehistoric monument.

The new find on the west bank of the river Avon has been called «Bluestonehenge», after the colour of the 25 Welsh stones of which it was once made up.

The stones at the site were removed thousands of years ago but the sizes of the holes in which they stood indicate that this was a circle of bluestones, brought from the Preseli mountains of Wales, 150 miles away.

The standing stones marked the end of the avenue that leads from the river Avon to Stonehenge, a 1¾-mile long processional route constructed at the end of the Stone Age.

The outer henge around the stones was built about 2400BC but arrowheads found in the stone circle indicate the stones were put up as much as 500 years earlier.

Parker Pearson said his team was waiting for results of radiocarbon dating which could reveal whether stones currently in the inner circle of Stonehenge were originally located at the other riverside construction.

It should also show whether the newly discovered circle’s stones were removed by Neolithic people and dragged along the route of the avenue to Stonehenge, to be incorporated within its major rebuilding about 2500BC. After that date Stonehenge consisted of about 80 Welsh stones and 83 local sarsen stones.

Pearson said: «The big, big question is when were our stones erected and when were they removed – and when we get the dating evidence we can answer both those questions.»

He added: «We speculated in the past that there might have been something at the end of the avenue near the river. But we were completely unprepared to discover that there was an entire stone circle.

«I think we have found incontrovertible proof that the river was very important to the people who used Stonehenge. I believe that the river formed a conduit between the living and the dead and this is the point where you leave the realm of the living at the river and enter the one of the dead at Stonehenge.»

The summer dig, which ended last month, also found evidence that the builders of the stone circle used deer antlers as pickaxes.

Excavations by the Stonehenge Riverside Project, which is a consortium of university teams, have uncovered a wealth of finds in recent years including the Neolithic village of Durrington Walls in 2005.

«Not many people know that Stonehenge was Britain’s largest burial ground at that time. Maybe the bluestone circle is where people were cremated before their ashes were buried at Stonehenge itself,» Parker Pearson added.

Dr Josh Pollard, project co-director from the University of Bristol, described the discovery as «incredible».

«The newly discovered circle and henge should be considered an integral part of Stonehenge rather than a separate monument and it offers tremendous insight into the history of its famous neighbour. Its landscape location demonstrates once again the importance of the river Avon in Neolithic funerary rites and ceremonies.»

Another team member, Professor Julian Thomas, said the discovery indicated that this stretch of the river Avon was central to the religious lives of the people who built Stonehenge.

«Old theories about Stonehenge that do not explain the evident significance of the river will have to be rethought,» he said.

There have been many theories about the use of Stonehenge, including that it was believed to have healing properties and was a giant astronomical observatory.

Stonehenge only acquired its famous silhouette after centuries of continuous rearrangement. In about 2500BC the gigantic sarsen stones were dragged across Salisbury plain and added to the smaller bluestones. Evidence from earlier excavations had already suggested that more bluestones were brought in to make a more complex pattern.

«The assumption was that they went back to Wales for more,» Pearson said. «My hunch is that they just took them from our circle down the road.» He believes the new circle marked the processional avenue from the river Avon to Stonehenge.

Источник

Тест ЕГЭ-2011 по английскому языку.

Тренировочный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку №9 с ответами

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Тренировочный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку №3 с ответами

Тренировочный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку №2 с ответами

Тренировочный вариант ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку №1 с ответами

Демоверсия ЕГЭ 2022 по английскому языку с ответами

Просмотр содержимого документа «Подготовка к ЕГЭ Чтение»

Раздел 1. Аудирование

1. The speaker was glad when she/he was given more serious work to do.

2. The speaker learned nothing important at work.

3. The speaker did not want to take any responsibility.

4. The speaker didn’t mind doing a lot of things during work practice.

5. The speaker wants to do the same kind of work in the future.

6. The speaker has a different idea of the profession after completing the practice.

7. The speaker felt rather nervous before starting work.

A1 The job gives Lisa an opportunity to travel abroad.

A2 The check-in process at the airport makes Lisa nervous.

A3 Lisa always feels comfortable during the flight.

A4 When on business trips Lisa doesn’t have to work long hours.

A5 On her business trips Lisa signs a lot of important contracts.

A6 Lisa spends a lot of money in duty-free shops.

A7 There is a computer in the business lounge for passengers who want to do some urgent work.

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях А8 – А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

A8 John has to use artificial fur because

1)It makes clothes look better.

2)It is less expensive than the real one.

3) His clients want to wear it.

A9 Walking down Fifth Avenue one day, John realized that

1)A lot of fur people wear was not artificial.

2)He could hardly see people wearing fur.

3)Clothes with fur trim had gone out of fashion.

A10 What does John do in his fight for cruelty-free fashion?

1)He accuses publicly the Scandinavian fur industry of killing animals for fur.

2)He encourages students to get away from real fur in their designs.

3)He supports designers who participate in cruelty-free design contests.

A11 John thinks that the main reason why many designers still work with fur is because

1)It is a good way to invest money.

2)People want to show off.

3)A lot of people are selfish and uncaring.

A12 What does John mean comparing the fight against racism to that for cruelty-free fashion?

1)Fighting for justice always involves violence.

2)People’s outlook on different things changes gradually.

3) Both problems are equally important.

A13 John thinks that it would be easier for him to become a vegetarian if

1)He had been raised in a family of vegetarians.

2)More vegetarian products were available.

3)He ate only chicken rather than red meat.

A14 What is John going to do to protect animals from being killed for their fur?

1) He is going to persuade his clients not to buy fur clothes.

2) He is thinking of refusing to use artificial fur in his collections.

3) He is thinking of heading up some animal protection organization.

Раздел 2. Чтение

1. Education: the Way to the Top 5. Things Worth Learning

2. From Agony to Love 6. The Right Word Can Bring Changes

3. Teaching to Learn 7. What My Father Taught Me

4. Learning That Never Stops 8. The Power of Numbers

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1,2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

A15 Why is the collage of photographs more important for Kathy than the other wedding presents?

A16 Why was Kathy against sharing a room with her sister?

A17 What did Kathy call the last straw in paragraph 3?

A18 What was Kathy’s greatest wish that she mentions in paragraph 4?

A19 When did the relationship between Susie and Kathy start to change?

A20 What are Kathy’s relationships with Susie now?

A21 Why do the sisters understand each other?

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