Вот такой я
Профи
(954)
14 лет назад
Почитайте теорию Дарвина. Мне этот вопрос еще в школе в первом классе задавали. А уже в четвертом классе дети знают ответ.
Dulat SabyrbayevУченик (137)
14 лет назад
Я пока в садике….
Dulat Sabyrbayev
Ученик
(137)
Смотри раздел в котором вопрос задан. Ведь не просто так наверное.
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Which came first, the chicken or the egg?
Believe it or not, this question has its roots in ancient Greece, where philosophers used it as an excuse to argue about cause and effect. What’s more, it’s what is known as a paradox — a situation or statement that appears to present contradicting facts, both of which can logically be true.
Some might say the chicken came first, since you can’t have an egg without a chicken to lay it. But others might argue the egg came first, since all chickens begin life inside of an egg.
A paradox, right? Not if you want to get technical. The question has a rather simple answer if you talk to an ancient egg expert.
“It’s pretty straightforward,” said Jasmina Wiemann, a molecular paleobiologist at Yale University. (Paleobiology is the science of fossil organisms.) “The egg is much older, evolutionarily, than the chicken.”
Chickens, as we know them, probably became domesticated about 10,000 years ago. But the animals that they descend from, known as jungle fowl or Gallus, can be dated back 21 million years.
Now that might sound pretty ancient, but the incredible, edible egg has been around for hundreds of millions of years.
For instance, scientists recently discovered a fossilized bird from northwestern China with an egg stuck inside its body. At 110 million years old, this species, known as Avimaia schweitzerae, would have flitted about in a world dominated by dinosaurs. It’s the most ancient bird egg ever discovered.
Eggs were around long before this, even. Dinosaurs, birds, reptiles and even mammals are known as amniotes, a branch of the vertebrate family tree that evolved approximately 300 million years ago, Wiemann said.
This pushes the origins of the egg back even further. However, these eggs would have looked quite a bit different from what’s in your refrigerator.
The earliest eggs would have been soft, sort of like turtle eggs you might see on the beach, Wiemann said. The crunchy, brittle, protective coating came later.
By the way, if you thought it odd to see the mammals lumped into a group with egg-laying stegosauruses, crocs, ostriches and tortoises, you should know that egg-laying is part of our evolutionary history. In other words, if you go back far enough in time, humans have ancestors that would have laid eggs. And mature female humans today still produce eggs through a process called ovulation. The eggs stay inside of humans — and they’re squishy and lack a shell.
Even weirder, some mammals still reproduce by laying eggs that can survive outside the body. They’re known as monotremes, which include species such as the duck-billed platypus and echidna (pronounced ih-KID-nuh).
Now, here’s a question for you — which came first, the egg or the echidna?
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Установите соответствие тем 1 — 8 текстам A — G. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.
1. То take from home
2. Evening drinks
3. Food for relaxation
4. Skipping the meal
5. Foreign cuisine
6. Unusual meals
7. Traditional morning meal
8. Take it ready to eat
A. If you go to a hotel in Britain and ask for a typical English breakfast, you will probably get bacon and eggs, sausage, mushrooms, baked beans, tea and toast. When porridge juice are offered as well, the meal is sometimes advertised as a «full Engilsh breakfast». Many years ago people couldn’t imagine their breakfast without a bowl of cerea or usual bacon and eggs.
B. But how many people in England actually eat an English breakfast? Only one person in ten. One in five people say all they have for breakfast is a cup of coffee, and many children go to school without eating anything. That is happening because people lack time. They are always in a hurry and prefer to choose something light and ready-made, especially in the morning.
C. If in Britain you stay with a family, you will almost certainly be given a «packed lunch» to eat for your midday meal. Some factories and schools have canteens where a packed lunch is the most common thing to eat. A packed lunch usually consists of some sandwiches, a packet of crisps, an apple, and a can of something to drink, for example, Coca-Cola. The quality of the packed lunch can vary.
D. Fish and chips is the classic English takeaway food. It is usually bought ready cooked at special shops — fish and chip shops, or «chippies» as they are sometimes called. This takeaway food is wrapped in paper to be eaten at home or outside. If you go to a fish and chip shop, you’ll be asked if you want salt and vinegar to be sprinkled over your chips. Be careful because sometimes they give you too much.
E. If you have trouble getting off to sleep, don’t panic. There are plenty of healthy, low fat alternatives to pills to help you nod off. Why not try a glass of warm skimmed milk, or even a cup of camomile tea? These natural and low-fat drinks will help you to get asleep. They can also relax you after a difficult day.
F. Every British town has Indian or Chinese restaurants. There are more Chinese takeaways than there are fish and chips shops in the UK. But most people are eating curry Curry is now Britain’s most popular meal because the majority of British people like spicy food. But British people like food from other countries, too. They say it allows them to understand other cultures better.
G. Eating carbohydrate-rich foods like bread, cereal, rice and pasta causes the production of serotonin, which makes us feel calm. Fruit and vegetables also set off the production of this chemical. Milk and cheese are also useful. The next time you feel stressed, try a little piece of bread and a glass of milk and you’ll feel better in no time.
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Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.
1. depending on the survey and the time of year
2. rotating disk with holes arranged in a spiral pattern
3. could be measured in the thousands
4. could capture moving images
5. funding a number of research programmes
6. transmitting images 16 years before
7. had lived in a house without electricity
Television
Few inventions have had as much effect on contemporary society, especially American society, as television. Before 1947 the number of U.S. homes with television sets A ______ . By the late 1990s, 98 percent of U.S. homes had at least one television set, and those sets were on for an average of more than seven hours a day. The typical American spends (B ______ ) from two-and-a-half to almost five hours a day watching television.
The invention of TV is not credited to one single person. Vladimir Zworykin and Philo Farnsworth both played instrumental roles. Electronic television was first successfully demonstrated in San Francisco on Sept. 7, 1927. The system was designed by Philo Taylor Farnsworth, a 21-year-old inventor who C ______ until he was 14. While still in high school, Farnsworth had begun to think of a system that D ______ in a form that could be coded onto radio waves and then transformed back into a picture on a screen. Boris Rosing and Vladimir Zvorykin in Russia had conducted some experiments in E ______ Farnsworth’s first success.
Also, a mechanical television system, which scanned images using a F ______ , had been demonstrated by John Logic Baird in England and Charles Francis Jenkins in the United States earlier in the 1920s. However, Farnsworth’s invention and Vladimir Zvorykin’s electronic TV system are the direct ancestors of modern television.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Lesson in humility
I was nine when this started. That was in 1964, the year my mother left us. Chess led me to Horatio — chess and my father and my absent mother and the fact that on that day, I broke the rule about not showing what you feel. My form-master of that year at the private day-school I went to was a chess enthusiast. He explained the rules to us, he encouraged us to play. He was kind to me and I admired him, more than admired: I wanted to be where he was. I suppose I was more than usually responsive to kindness just at that time. To please him I tried hard to be good at chess and I discovered that I was good. I had a natural talent, the master said.
I joined the school chess club. I took part in tournaments and distinguished myself. Shining at few things, for a brief season I shone at chess. I studied the game, I read the accounts of historic encounters, the ploys of long-dead masters, and I played them out alone. I would set out the pieces at random, then sweep them off and try to replace them from memory. At night, I would picture the chess board, go through the moves of some legendary end-game and find consolation.
A colleague of my father was there one Sunday afternoon — my father was a senior official at the Treasury. «Your father tells me you are quite a chess-player.” On his reddish face an indulgent look. «At least by his own report,” my father said with a sarcastic smile. He seemed to suggest I had boasted. Perhaps I had. “Not up to your level, Henry, not yet.» Henry, Harry, Humphrey. A chessplayer ot note. Fancy a game, young man?
We played and I won. He still had half his pieces on the board when l checkmated him. I leasure in victory, expectation of praise — face and voice were not yet practiced enough, I suppose I showed my feelings too clearly. My father looked at me, but uttered no word. He went out, came back with a book from his study, brought it over for me to see. “Look here,” he said, the colleague meanwhile looking on. “Look at these people here.”
He had opened the book roughly in the middle. There were two faces, one on either side: William Pitt the Younger and Horatio Nelson. Neither name meant anything to me at the time. Later, ot course, I knew them tor close contemporaries -Horatio was a year older and died three months earlier.
“Take a good look,” my father said. “These two men saved our country, they had reason to be pleased with themselves.”
He meant it for my benefit or so I like to think. He did not want me to be jubilant in victory, to overrate small achievements. He wanted to inspire me with worthy ambitions. But in his mannei and tone I sensed displeasure; he was not pleased at my success, it had disturbed his sense of the natural order.
My interest in chess did not long survive that day, the lesson in humility proved the death-blow to it. I continued to play during what was left of the term, but my heart was not in it, I lost the appetite for victory, my game fell off. In the autumn, Monty and I were sent away to boarding school and I never played chess again.
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The narrator started playing chess because of the encouragement from …
1. his father.
2. his mother.
3. his teacher.
4. Horatio.
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In paragraph 2 the words “shining at few things” mean that the boy …
1. did not have many achievements.
2. won a few tournaments.
3. perfected his chess skills.
4. devoted himself to many activities.
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14
The father spoke about his son’s chess talent …
1. enthusiastically.
2. boastfully.
3. happily.
4. ironically.
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15
The father was displeased with his son because …
1. his colleague was hurt by the defeat.
2. the boy couldn’t hide his pleasure.
3. he had hoped for his loss.
4. the boy broke the rules of the game.
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16
What did the boy think about William Pitt and Horatio Nelson?
1. They were models for the boy.
2. He didn’t want to be like them.
3. He knew nothing about them at the time.
4. He liked William Pitt but disposed Horatio Nelson.
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17
The father’s words were meant to …
1. teach his son some history.
2. show his son how wrong he was.
3. show his son how to celebrate a victory.
4. teach his son to evaluate one’s achievements.
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18
The boy stopped playing chess because …
1. he had to leave his school.
2. he lost interest.
3. his father wouldn’t let him play.
4. he had started losing games.
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Saturday
Mar 2012
Science does in fact have an answer to the oft-repeated conundrum, Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This of course means that you should never let anyone offer this as a riddle ever again without correcting them.
The Egg
In nature, organisms evolve through small changes in their DNA. This is because DNA copying during reproduction is never 100% accurate, and these minor mistakes in copying are the fuel for natural selection. Beneficial mutations that allow an organism to better pass on its DNA are naturally selected by various environmental pressures (sexual, predatory, etc.), and can eventually become dominant in a population of organisms, resulting in new species.
In an animal like a chicken, DNA from a male sperm cell and a female ovum (egg) meet and combine to form a zygote: the first cell of a new baby chicken. This first cell divides innumerable times to form all of the cells of the complete animal. In any animal, every cell contains exactly the same DNA, and that DNA comes from the zygote.
From zygote to hatchling, the first chicken (or what we would consider a chicken) would have to be produced from mutations resulting from non-chicken parents. All new species arise this way, through small mutations in the DNA that are eventually realized in the new offspring. But two completely different animals did not suddenly plop out a chicken; the parents of the first true chicken would be genetically very similar to the newborn, yet not quite modern chickens. The first chicken would pass on its genetic material and, through the pressures of natural selection, the mutations that gave rise to the first chicken would permeate a community, creating a population of “true” chickens.
Chickens evolved from non-chickens through small changes caused by the mixing of male and female DNA or by mutations to the DNA. These changes and mutations only have an effect at the point where a new zygote is created. That is, two non-chickens mated and the DNA in their new zygote contained the necessary mutation(s) to the embryonic body plan to make the first true chicken. That one zygote cell then divided and formed a biologically modern chicken.
Prior to that first true chicken zygote, there were only non-chickens. The zygote cell is the only place where DNA mutations could produce a new animal, and the zygote cell is housed in the egg. So, the egg must have come first.
[Excerpted with editing from How Stuff Works]
This is OBVIOUS!
Which came first: the chicken or the egg?
It’s that old riddle that’s sparked many arguments through the ages: was it the chicken or the egg that came first? It’s such a tricky question because you need a chicken to lay an egg, But chickens come from eggs, Leaving us with an intractable circle of feathery life that has no clear starting point.
Thankfully, There’s no need to keep brooding over this forever. This is a riddle we can unscramble with the tools of science—more specifically, The principles of evolutionary biology.
Let’s get cracking.
The first eggs
Eggs are found throughout the animal kingdom. Technically speaking, An egg is simply the membrane-bound vessel inside which an embryo can grow and develop until it can survive on its own.
Scientific illustration of a range of different eggsEggs of all shapes and sizes exist throughout the animal kingdom.
But let’s focus on the type of bird’s egg we recognise today. These first came on the scene with the evolution of the first amniotes many millions of years ago. Prior to their arrival, Most animals relied on water for reproduction, Laying their eggs in ponds and other moist environments so that the eggs didn’t dry out.
At some point, A different kind of egg began to evolve, Which had three extra membranes inside: the chorion, Amnion and allantois. Each membrane has a slightly different function but the addition of all these extra layers provided a conveniently enclosed, All-in-one life support system: an embryo can take in stored nutrients, Store excess waste products and breathe without the need of an external aquatic environment. The extra fluids encased in the amnion, Plus the tough outer shell, Provide extra protection too.
The first chickens
The very first chicken in existence would have been the result of a genetic mutation (or mutations) taking place in a zygote produced by two almost-chickens (or proto-chickens). This means two proto-chickens mated, Combining their DNA together to form the very first cell of the very first chicken. Somewhere along the line, Genetic mutations occurred in that very first cell, And those mutations copied themselves into every other body cell as the chicken embryo grew. The result? The first true chicken.
Back to our original question: with amniotic eggs showing up roughly 340 million or so years ago, And the first chickens evolving at around 58 thousand years ago at the earliest, It’s a safe bet to say the egg came first.
An evolutionary tree diagram showing the evolution of eggs and chickensEggs were around way before chickens even existed.
The first chicken eggs
But wait—weren’t there some scientists who claimed that, In fact, The chicken came first?
At the end of the day, The question is something of a false dichotomy. Eggs certainly came before chickens, But chicken eggs did not—you can’t have one without the other. However, If we absolutely had to pick a side, Based on the evolutionary evidence, We’re on Team Egg.
At some point, Some organism which we would not consider a chicken had a genetically mutated egg that contained a chicken (by our standards). That chicken then hatched and reproduced with the non-chicken species which it was bourne from. From that reproduction would be produced a generation of genetic hybrids between chicken and non-chicken. That generation’s offspring would then be able to have children with eachother and create a population of chickens.
In a way, The egg.
Believe it or not, Eggs are a type of cell. Some of the most ancient forms of life are Eukaryota, Or single cells with a nucleus. Eggs and sperm fall into the same category. Chickens, Being multicellular and far more advanced, Naturally appeared later. . . . . . .
Oi listen m8
Heya squidward, Hit me up with some eggs, *crack* o hel yeh. VROOM VROOM NEAAEAEAR NEAAAEeEAAR VROOM VROM, GET ON SQUIDWARD. I GOT THEM HORSES IN THE BACK, NO BLACKS FLIPPING ATAXEDSJIUOj neeudhiosf hdsuifb sdifuu sdibfsuibdf sd fibusdf hsbdf d vhdv nd vdnvn dv dnvd vdnv dvdv dvndnv f f
The egg came first, No matter what logical explanation you use.
It’s very simple: genetic mutation. Genetic mutation is basically a form of evolution. While regular evolution involves the creature slowly adapting to its climate and its new food, Genetic mutation is nearly completely random. Regular evolution goes on a basis, Meaning that it will happen over time, Slowly it’s genes changing in order to help it survive. However, Genetic mutation is completely random, And, In fact, Can put the creature at a disadvantage. Most likely, What happened with the case of the chicken, Is that another bird (preferably one that somewhat resembles a chicken. . . ) laid multiple mutated eggs, That hatched into chickens. There are also two other theories, That both use the egg. The second theory is that the bird (again, Preferably one that somewhat resembles a chicken. . . ) ended up slowly evolving to adapt to a new environment, Or a new food source. Causes like this could be created by things like new creatures migrating here, Or climate change. This could topple the food chain, And leave our bird (again, Prefer— you get the point) having to eat a new food source. Climate change could leave the bird in freezing cold weather, Or a arid, Hot desert. When things like this happen, They can alter a creature’s lifestyle, And what it must do to survive. A 1st-generation bird would lay a slightly different egg, As its DNA has slowly changed. The bird that hatches out of it would then proceed to evolve even further, And lay a 3rd-generation egg. This egg would resemble a chicken even better than its predecessors. This process would go on until the egg that finally holds the chicken is laid. Therefore, The egg would come before the chicken. The third and last theory is that two bird-like creatures accidentally (or maybe on purpose) mated, Merging their completely different DNA structures and laying an egg, Inside of which housed a completely different species: The chicken. So yet again, This proves that the egg came first. Actually, Now that I think about it, This isn’t so simple after all. . .
It was the egg
I think it was the egg because you know what nevermind im just gonna use filler until i can actually say what i want to say so yeah anyone who criticizes what im about to say i don’t care this debate is pretty uch pointless anyways IT WAS THE EGG BECAUSE AGGS ARE DELICIOUS
Egg came first
I think that two different species of birds that lived in the dinosaur times bred and made chicken egg which I think is he logical answer for who came first the chicken or the egg and that’s why I think the egg came before the chicken did with my reasoning.
The egg was first
Ok so by evolution species are created by mutations when genes are passed down so by that logic a dinosaur or early bird which was a chicken ancestor layed an egg with a chicken the chicken was INSIDE THE EGG and from the egg was a chicken that the ancestor chicken layed and I don’t know the defenition of a chicken egg but I think it is an egg with a chicken inside so that means that while the chicken was Turing INTO a chicken the egg already existed so the egg came first and the first egg fit for land appears 270million years ago so either way you put it the egg came first also most saying the chicken ‘say you need a chicken to lay a chicken egg’ but not really if your defenition of chicken egg is an egg layed by a chicken thenyes the chicken technacly came first BUT my defenition of chicken egg is an egg with a chicken inside so the egg came first also ASAPscience did a video basically saying the same and similar points
It must be fertilized
In order for a chick to be made the rooster must fertilize the egg. The egg usually would develop within a hen, And the rooster and hen then mate. After the rooster fertilizes the egg. And there my fellow friends of the internet it was the egg so that’s that
Na ya mum
An egg came first because I like chicken nuggets and I especially like to fart at McDonald’s and some people won’t agree but I totally agree with myself and it’s time to get frisky with kremit and you need to change your ways. The person who is reading this is gay and my name is jeff
Which came first, the chicken or the egg?
Believe it or not, this question has its roots in ancient Greece, where philosophers used it as an excuse to argue about cause and effect. What’s more, it’s what is known as a paradox — a situation or statement that appears to present contradicting facts, both of which can logically be true.
Some might say the chicken came first, since you can’t have an egg without a chicken to lay it. But others might argue the egg came first, since all chickens begin life inside of an egg.
A paradox, right? Not if you want to get technical. The question has a rather simple answer if you talk to an ancient egg expert.
“It’s pretty straightforward,” said Jasmina Wiemann, a molecular paleobiologist at Yale University. (Paleobiology is the science of fossil organisms.) “The egg is much older, evolutionarily, than the chicken.”
Chickens, as we know them, probably became domesticated about 10,000 years ago. But the animals that they descend from, known as jungle fowl or Gallus, can be dated back 21 million years.
Now that might sound pretty ancient, but the incredible, edible egg has been around for hundreds of millions of years.
For instance, scientists recently discovered a fossilized bird from northwestern China with an egg stuck inside its body. At 110 million years old, this species, known as Avimaia schweitzerae, would have flitted about in a world dominated by dinosaurs. It’s the most ancient bird egg ever discovered.
Eggs were around long before this, even. Dinosaurs, birds, reptiles and even mammals are known as amniotes, a branch of the vertebrate family tree that evolved approximately 300 million years ago, Wiemann said.
This pushes the origins of the egg back even further. However, these eggs would have looked quite a bit different from what’s in your refrigerator.
The earliest eggs would have been soft, sort of like turtle eggs you might see on the beach, Wiemann said. The crunchy, brittle, protective coating came later.
By the way, if you thought it odd to see the mammals lumped into a group with egg-laying stegosauruses, crocs, ostriches and tortoises, you should know that egg-laying is part of our evolutionary history. In other words, if you go back far enough in time, humans have ancestors that would have laid eggs. And mature female humans today still produce eggs through a process called ovulation. The eggs stay inside of humans — and they’re squishy and lack a shell.
Even weirder, some mammals still reproduce by laying eggs that can survive outside the body. They’re known as monotremes, which include species such as the duck-billed platypus and echidna (pronounced ih-KID-nuh).
Now, here’s a question for you — which came first, the egg or the echidna?
This question appears regularly in the question file, so let’s take a shot at it.
In nature, living things evolve through changes in their DNA. In an animal like a chicken, DNA from a male sperm cell and a female ovum meet and combine to form a zygote — the first cell of a new baby chicken. This first cell divides innumerable times to form all of the cells of the complete animal. In any animal, every cell contains exactly the same DNA, and that DNA comes from the zygote.
Chickens evolved from non-chickens through small changes caused by the mixing of male and female DNA or by mutations to the DNA that produced the zygote. These changes and mutations only have an effect at the point where a new zygote is created. That is, two non-chickens mated and the DNA in their new zygote contained the mutation(s) that produced the first true chicken. That one zygote cell divided to produce the first true chicken.
Prior to that first true chicken zygote, there were only non-chickens. The zygote cell is the only place where DNA mutations could produce a new animal, and the zygote cell is housed in the chicken’s egg. So, the egg must have come first.
Here are some interesting links:
- Does the chicken’s body make the shell and fill it with the white and yolk somehow, or does it make the white and yolk and then somehow wrap the shell around it?
- How can an egg carton claim that the contained eggs have less fat and more vitamin E?
- Why do eggs turn hard when you boil them?
- How Cells Work
- How Evolution Works
- How Gene Pools Work
Many people have been confused by the question of which came first, the chicken or the egg. Considering how it keeps going around and around, it may not be worth looking into. But it is also something that could be important to people who study evolution.
Still, science has something to say about this puzzling situation.
1. Chicken or Egg Puzzle
Several biologists, according to Live Science, say that eggs were around before chickens. Basically, eggs are just the sex cells of females. Amniotic eggs, which are hard eggs that can be laid on the ground from the outside, changed a lot about how vertebrates lived.
Koen Stein, a paleontologist at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, says that eggs are a key part of how vertebrates have changed over time. This is because eggs make it possible for amniotes to move farther away from water.
Live Science says that before these hard eggs came along, vertebrates needed water to be able to have babies. This is still a problem for some amphibians, because their eggs need to stay moist to live.
A study that was published in the journal Current Biology says that fossil records did not show true birds before. They didn’t appear until the middle to late Jurassic period, about 150 to 165 million years ago.
But the Biodiversity Center at the University of Texas says that the first eggs with shells may have come about a long time before that. This shows that the egg really did come before the chicken.
Jurassic Dino-Bird Discovered, Named Eosinopteryx
What induces you to solve What came first the chicken or the egg riddle?
Although What came first the chicken or the egg riddle is trending now but I guess this is the most common question/riddle which we all kept listening to since our childhood every now and then from our parents, friends teachers etc.
And it is totally unknown since then and this is the reason which urges all of us more to get the answer to this What came first the chicken or the egg riddle. Also we have so much time in this Corona Pandemic that we can sit and think about it without worrying about time.
So let’s see the What came first the chicken or the egg riddle
«What came first, the chicken or the egg?»
The Chicken or the egg, the egg or the chicken.
Tell me.
Thinking and Scratching your head? Haha
Well I’m doing the same but, I have got the answer for you all and it’s the Egg that came first and hatched a Chicken.
Hold on…Hold on!
Explanation:
So, once, in a nutshell or eggshell (whatever you want to call it), two birds which were not really Chickens created a Chicken egg, and hence we all got the answer for What came first the chicken or the egg. And then from that egg, hatched a chicken and vice versa.
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What came first the chicken or the egg riddle — FAQ
1. What breaks yet never falls, and what falls yet never breaks?
It is the DAY and NIGHT.
2. What is the shortest word that contains all the 5 vowels?
Eunoia is a six letter word which contains all the five vowels.
3. How can you take 2 from 5 and leave 4?
Simply by removing F and E from FIVE, you have IV.
4. What is harder to catch the faster you run?
Your Breath, because it becomes faster when you run and you breath heavily.
5. Can you write ‘COW’ in 13 letters?
Yes definitely you can write ‘COW’ in 13 letters as “SEE-O-DOUBLEYOU”.
(Image credit: RubberBall Productions via Getty Images)
You’ve heard the age-old riddle: «Which came first: the chicken or the egg?» Taken metaphorically, it’s a meditation on the futility of determining the cause of a self-perpetuating cycle. Taken literally, it’s a great question for evolutionary biologists.
Chickens come from eggs, but eggs come from chickens. So which came first?
Most biologists state unequivocally that the egg came first. At their most basic level, eggs are just female sex cells. Hard external eggs that can be laid on land (also known as amniotic eggs) were a game changer for vertebrates.
«The egg is such an important step in [vertebrate] evolution, because it allowed amniotes to go further and further away from water,» Koen Stein, a paleontologist at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, told Live Science. Prior to the dawn of hard-shelled eggs loaded with nutritious yolks, vertebrates had to rely on bodies of water to reproduce. Most amphibians still face this aquatic limitation — they need to keep their gelatinous eggs moist in order to survive.
Related: How do emperor penguin dads stop their eggs from freezing?
True birds didn’t show up in the fossil record until the mid- to late Jurassic, around 165 million to 150 million years ago, according to research published in the journal Current Biology (opens in new tab). But scientists think the first shelled eggs evolved long before then — around 325 million years ago, according to the University of Texas at Austin’s Biodiversity Center (opens in new tab). That means the egg came «well before the chicken,» Stein said. These very first eggs were likely malleable and leathery in texture, much like the eggs laid by today’s reptiles and platypuses.
There were plenty of land-based vertebrates laying amniotic eggs in the Carboniferous, Permian and Triassic periods, but the most famous of these animals are the dinosaurs. Stein has studied some of the earliest known dinosaur eggshells, which come from the early Jurassic period, about 200 million years ago. These eggs had extremely thin outer shells, only about 100 microns thick. «That’s the thickness of a human hair,» Stein said. However, based on their structure, these early dinosaur eggs would have been rigid, like porcelain, rather than flexible, like a banana peel, making them the earliest known example of an egg as we know it today.
That thinness probably explains why researchers have had trouble finding earlier examples of eggshells. When an egg encounters rich, acidic soil, it begins to slowly dissolve. «The soil would have made it impossible for such a thin calcareous layer to be preserved,» Stein said. Another idea is that early dinosaur eggs were soft shelled, and so didn’t preserve well in the fossil record, according to a 2020 study published in the journal Nature (opens in new tab).
So the egg definitely predated the chicken. Case closed, right? Well, not quite. If we’re talking about the first chicken egg, the story changes.
Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) likely evolved from a subspecies of red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) around 50 million years ago. Humans living in Southeast Asia first domesticated these birds somewhere between 1650 B.C. and 1250 B.C., according to a 2022 research article published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (opens in new tab).
At some point during the domestication process, the last ancestor of modern chickens would have laid an egg containing an embryo with enough genetic differences to make it distinct from its parent species. This embryonic chicken would have developed in the not-quite-chicken egg before hatching. Then, after reaching adulthood, it would go on to lay the first proper chicken egg. In this way, the chicken could be said to predate the chicken egg.
But evolutionary history isn’t straightforward; there is evidence that chickens interbred with other subspecies of jungle fowl even after becoming their own genetically distinct subspecies. Some of these traits are more (or less) evident in certain modern chicken breeds. What’s more, chicken domestication appears to have occurred independently multiple times in parts of India and Oceania over several thousand years, according to the University of Wisconsin-Madison (opens in new tab). So determining which chicken was the original can be tricky.
Regardless of which came first, biologists and philosophers agree that chickens and eggs have something important in common: They’re both delicious.
Joanna Thompson is a science journalist and runner based in New York. She holds a B.S. in Zoology and a B.A. in Creative Writing from North Carolina State University, as well as a Master’s in Science Journalism from NYU’s Science, Health and Environmental Reporting Program. Find more of her work in Scientific American, The Daily Beast, Atlas Obscura or Audubon Magazine.
Which came first, the chicken or the egg? While the chicken may be a popular answer, chickens are too chicken to actually be first in anything, so that rules them out. So by process of elimination, this must mean that the egg came first, right? Wrong. Eggs cannot move independently, so they cannot come first in anything. Now, some might say that ruling both the chicken and the egg out defeats the whole purpose of the question, but that is defeatism at its finest. In order to determine what came first, we must figure out what is faster than the chicken or the egg. While many would believe that celestial objects, like comets or quasars, are the fastest objects in the universe, they actually move pretty slow, as it takes the Sun (which supposedly moves at 43,000 miles per hour) 12 hours to move across the sky. The fastest object in the universe is found in the nation of France, as its history has been about perfecting the art of going from one place to another; this art form would reach its zenith in the performance art piece titled «Fall of France» by the French Army, in which the French Army went from the front lines to POW camps in a few minutes. After the notoriety of the artwork, multiple knockoffs of the piece began to emerge on the performance art scene, such as Diem Diem Phu and Algiers. The true successor would eventually emerge as the Tour de France, which combined the thrill of retreating through France with the boredom of live television. While the many Frenchmen who tried to harness the French power of retreat failed, there was one individual who was able to harness this power: Lance Armstrong. He was able to outdo the native Frenchmen by being such a big loser through doping that nobody could catch up with him. This heightened ability makes Lance Armstrong the fastest object in the universe. So whenever asks if the chicken or egg came first, you can rest assured that you know the real answer: Lance Armstrong.