1) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Dinner
Amos Finnister was a private detective. In all his years as a policeman and a private investigator, he had learned about people. He gained a psychological insight into most as he ___ them do foolish things. He was at ease with people from all walks of life, and in consequence they were at ease with him.
1) looked
2) watched
3) stared
4) gazed
2) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
And this was most apparent on Friday evening, when Major Cedric Crawford dined with him at the Ritz restaurant. Amos ___ to dine there when he lived in New York.
1) took
2) kept
3) held
4) used
3) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
By the time they were halfway through dinner, Amos had the major laughing and sharing stories, some of which were funny. By the time they had eaten the main course, Amos felt comfortable enough to ___ the answer to an important question. “I wonder if you have ever come across Tabitha James.”
1) search
2) ask
3) seek
4) pose
4) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Cedric ___ knowing Tabitha with no sign of embarrassment or reluctance.
1) accepted
2) agreed
3) admitted
4) adopted
5) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
“To ___ the truth, I knew her quite well, actually. She was a close friend of a fellow guards officer, Sebastian Lawford. She fell in love with him at first sight. They were going to marry but unfortunately that did not come to pass.”
1) tell
2) say
3) speak
4) talk
6) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
“And why was that, Major, do you know?” “Oh, yes, I’m afraid I do. Tabitha had contracted pneumonia but ___ no attention to her illness.
1) brought
2) paid
3) took
4) turned
7) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Before I knew it, she was dead and gone. As for Sebastian, he rejoined the army when the war broke out and was killed. A sad story, isn’t it?” Amos nodded. So much depended ___ this information.
1) on
2) at
3) in
4) of
Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.
In thick fog
It was a foggy night. In a very thick fog, a ship ___ (SAIL) very slowly. Suddenly lights appeared forward on a collision course. The Captain shouted through the mouthpiece: “Get out of my way! I am the carrier ‘Manchester’! My displacement is 30,000 tons!”
9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.
A voice ___ (COME) through the fog in reply:
10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.
“You ___ (WELL) turn away yourself. I’m the light house!”
11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.
The purpose of education
A famous professor greeted the first year undergraduates at the beginning of the academic year. He ___ (TELL) them in his opening remarks:
12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.
“Nothing you learn here at the university will be of slightest use to you ___ (LATE), but one thing.
13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.
If you work hard, if you train your brain, you should be able to understand when a man ___ (TALK) nonsense. And that, in my view, is the main, if not the sole, purpose of education.”
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
The Purpose of Education
1. Some educational theorists believe that education should serve the needs of the individual. The second opinion on the purpose of education is that education should serve the needs of the society. In industrialized nations it is common for both of these goals to be held but for different classes of the population.
2. For the elite, the needs of the individual tend to prevail, and thus upper-class schooling often tolerates diversity and encourages idiosyncrasy. For the masses, the needs of society tend to dominate, and schooling usually serves to prepare children to become obedient, well-drilled, uncomplaining workers in industry and agriculture.
3. In France and Germany, the primary purpose of education is intellectual development. In England, the primary purpose of education is character building. In Roman Catholic and Communist countries, moral or religious training is usually the primary purpose of education. Hence, every subject is imbued with religious or ideological content, and there is a constant attempt to draw moral lessons from educational material. In the United States, where large-scale immigration once brought the fear of social disintegration, preparation for citizenship and development of national consciousness have tended to be emphasized. Even today, some rituals, such as displaying American flags here there and everywhere and pledging allegiance to the flag of the United States of America at the beginning of the school day, distinguish American schools from those in most other countries.
Определите основную идею текста.
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Education — топик по английскому языку с переводом и фразами в конце. Текст о важности образования и самообразования в жизни людей.
Education has an impact on everyone’s life. It has always been so. However, education was not so obtainable several centuries ago when people couldn’t get at least a primary education. Only noble families could afford a governess and then send their children to study abroad.
Today, primary and secondary education is obligatory. In addition, we may study in colleges or at a high school and then go to university. There is a great variety of careers from which to choose, so everyone can get any sort of education.
Nevertheless, public education is not the only one we can obtain. Self-education is crucial in all senses. If we cultivate ourselves, we may become not only smarter and more skilled, but also stronger emotionally and mentally. Self-development is important and it should take all your life. Don’t stop on your way to perfection, it is impossible to be reached.
Moreover, literate and educated people form the picture of the whole society. If you become better, so will the society. It is wrong to think a person is unable to change the world. If everyone started changing from himself/herself, the world would become a better place in one day.
And education is an important aspect of life which should not be underestimated. Take both your basic and self-education seriously and you will manage to become a better person and the life will probably seem less difficult if you are wise and experienced.
Перевод:
Образование оказывает воздействие на жизнь каждого. И так было всегда. Однако образование не было таким доступным несколько веков назад, когда люди не могли получить, по крайней мере, начальное образование. Только благородные семьи могли позволить себе гувернантку и затем отправить своих детей учиться заграницу.
Сегодня начальное и среднее образование – обязательно. Более того, мы можем учиться в колледжах или окончить старшую школу и затем пойти в университет. Существует огромное множество специальностей, из которых можно выбрать, поэтому каждый может получить любое образование.
Тем не менее, государственное образование не единственное, которое можно получить. Самообразование – жизненно важно во всех смыслах. Если мы будем работать над собой, то сможем стать не только умнее и умелее, но также сильнее эмоционально и умственно. Саморазвитие важно и должно занять все вашу жизнь. Не останавливайтесь на пути к совершенству, его и так невозможно достичь.
Более того, образованные и воспитанные люди формируют картину всего общества. Если вы станете лучше, то таким станет и общество. Суждение о том, что один человек не может изменить мир – не верно. Если бы каждый начал меняться сам, то мир бы стал лучшим местом за один день.
И образование – важный аспект жизни, который не стоит недооценивать. Воспринимайте всерьез как общее образование, так и самообразование и вы сможете стать лучшим человеком, и жизнь, возможно, покажется вам менее сложной, если вы будете мудрыми и опытными.
Фразы:
Obtainable –доступный
Noble – светский, благородный
Primary/secondary/high education – начальное/среднее/высшее образование
Governess – гувернантка
Public education – государственное образование
To reach smth – достичь чего-то, добраться до
Literate person – образованный человек
Educated person – воспитанный человек
Раздел 1. АУДИРОВАНИЕ
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. (курсивом отмечено то, как будет написано в оригинале, здесь же вы сами должны послушать два раза, если послушаете больше, то можете считать ваш результат неправильным. Ответы вводить нужно в формы ввода — места на странице, в которых можно печатать.)
2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Ricky’s songs are about the lives of famous people.
B The message in Ricky’s songs is difficult to understand.
C Ricky’s popularity is on the increase.
D Money is unimportant to Ricky.
E Ricky has followed the advice of some of his fans.
F Ricky thinks his fans are disappointed when they meet him.
G Ricky is anxious about his new album.
Утверждение
Соответствие диалогу
Вы услышите выступление специалиста по проблемам ядерной энергии. В заданиях 3—9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3
According to the narrator, nuclear power
1) is a solution to climate change.
2) is protected against climate change.
3) can be susceptible to climate change.
Ответ: .
4
Nuclear power plants are usually located
1) in the mountains.
2) near rivers, seas or oceans.
3) in the deserts.
Ответ: .
5
Nuclear power plants face the greatest danger from
1) hurricanes.
2) rising water temperatures.
3) flooding.
Ответ: .
6
During hurricanes,
1) preventive measures are always taken.
2) all doors in a nuclear plant should be left open.
3) safety equipment must be protected from flying debris.
Ответ: .
7
In the future, floods are going to become
1) quite rare.
2) rather infrequent.
3) more common.
Ответ: .
8
During the 2003 heat wave, the French government relaxed the environmental regulations
1) to keep up the supply of energy.
2) to increase the amount of electricity.
3) to reduce their power output.
Ответ: .
9
New nuclear reactors are likely
1) to be less vulnerable to climate change.
2) to be too expensive.
3) to have higher water requirements.
Ответ: .
Раздел 2. ЧТЕНИЕ
10
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1—8 и текстами A—G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. Necessary Components
2. Important Conclusion
3. Useful Advice
4. Significant Difference
5. Health Risks
6. Moderation Is the Key!
7. Diet and Exercise
8. Benefits of Good Nutrition
A. Developing healthy eating habits is simpler and easier than you might think. You will look and feel better if you make a habit of eating healthfully. You will have more energy and your immune system will be stronger. When you eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables you are lowering your risk of heart disease, cancers and many other serious health ailments. Healthy eating habits are your ticket to a healthier body and mind.
B. A four-week clinical trial that tested the new regimen found that overweight adults who consumed a high-protein, entirely vegan diet were able to lose about the same amount of weight as a comparison group of dieters on a high-carbohydrate, low-fat vegetarian dairy diet. But while those on the high-carbohydrate dairy diet experienced drops of 12 percent in their cholesterol, those on the high-protein vegan diet saw cholesterol reductions of 20 percent.
C. ‘The idea preyed on me for a long time. If the Atkins Diet looks good, and it’s got so much saturated fat and cholesterol in it, suppose we took that out and put vegetarian protein sources in, which may lower cholesterol,’ Dr. Jenkins said. ‘We know that nuts lower cholesterol and prevent heart disease, and soy is eaten in the Far East, where they don’t get much heart disease. So we put these foods together as protein and fat sources.’
D. The first official warning about the dangers of the Atkins diet was issued by the government amid concern about the rising number of people opting for the high-fat, high-protein diet. Cutting out starchy foods can be bad for your health because you could be missing out on a range of nutrients. Low-carbohydrate diets tend to be high in fat, and this could increase your chances of developing coronary heart disease.
E. Earlier this year, a large study that compared different kinds of diets — including low-fat and low-carbohydrate plans — found that the method didn’t matter as long as people cut calories. That study also found that after two years, most people had regained at least some of the weight they had lost. Dr. Tuttle said that while different weight loss plans offer people different ‘tricks’ and strategies, ultimately, ‘It really comes down to calories in and calories out.’
F. When you think about nutrition, be aware of serving sizes. Many people will eat everything on their plate, regardless of how hungry they actually are. If you know you tend to clean your plate, make an effort to reduce your serving size. If you’re eating out or dining at a friend’s house, don’t be shy about asking for smaller portion sizes. Too much of any one food is a bad thing. There are no bad foods, just bad eating habits.
G. Your body has to stay well hydrated to perform at its best and to properly process all the nutrients in the food you eat. Drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising. If you are trying to lose weight, add plenty of ice to each glass of water. Your body will burn energy to warm the water up to body temperature.
11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A—F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1—7. Одна из частей в списке 1—7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу. (в поля ввода под текстом)
Stonehenge is probably the most important prehistoric monument in Britain. The Stonehenge that we see today is the final stage A ____________. But first let us look back 5,000 years.
The first Stonehenge was a large earthwork or Henge, comprising a ditch, bank, and the Aubrey holes, all probably built around 3100 BC. The Aubrey holes are round pits in the chalk, about one metre wide and deep, B ____________. Excavations have revealed cremated human bones in some of the chalk filling, but the holes themselves were probably made not for the purpose of graves but as part of the religious ceremony. Shortly after this stage Stonehenge was abandoned, left untouched for over 1000 years.
The second and most dramatic stage of Stonehenge started around 2150 BC. Some 82 bluestones from south-west Wales were transported to the site. It is thought that these stones, some weighing 4 tonnes each, were dragged on rollers and sledges to the headwaters and then loaded onto rafts. This astonishing journey covered nearly 240 miles. Once at the site, these stones were set up in the centre C ____________.
The third stage of Stonehenge, about 2000 BC, saw the arrival of the Sarsen stones. The largest of the Sarsen stones weigh 50 tonnes and transportation by water would have been impossible D ____________. These stones were arranged in an outer circle with a continuous run of lintels. Inside the circle, five trilithons were placed in a horseshoe arrangement, E ____________.
The final stage took place soon after 1500 BC F ____________. The original number of stones in the bluestone circle was probably around sixty. They have long since been removed or broken up. Some remain only as stumps below ground level.
- when the bluestones were rearranged in the horseshoe and circle that we see today
- to form an incomplete double circle
- which form a circle about 284 feet in diameter
- which were almost certainly brought from the Marlborough Downs
- so the stones could only have been moved using sledges and ropes
- whose remains we can still see today
- that was completed about 3,500 years ago
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
My room faces the sun in the morning and on clear summer mornings it wakes me bright and fresh, no matter what time I stayed up till. I get up and make breakfast, watch TV, have a shower. If it’s before six in the morning, I usually have a cup of tea and go back to bed where I’ll doze until seven. If I stay at my sister’s, I sleep until the kids wake me or until she comes rolling in, poured from the back of some taxi, whichever is earlier. I’m an early riser, and a dead sleeper.
This morning I wake up with a twitch, like the alarm clock in my head has given me a little electric jolt. It isn’t sunny outside. I pull back the curtains and the sky is dark grey, the same colour as the sea and it looks like the sun won’t appear before tomorrow. Today is Dad’s birthday. Every year on my Dad’s birthday I draw a picture of him and each year he looks a bit different. I’m an artist. There, I said it. It’s not that I draw a straighter line or a truer circle, as they try to teach us to do at school. I just get the message across more clearly than other people. More truthfully. I know it.
I read a lot of books too, mainly about artists, and I go through phases when I like a certain artist or a movement. And I try to paint like them. When my dad comes back, I’ll be able to say ‘this is you when I was twelve and I was in love with Monet’ or ‘this is you on your thirty-eighth birthday, when I was fourteen and I wanted to paint like Dante Gabriel Rossetti.’ And he’ll look at each painting and know that I loved him and never forgot him.
At the moment I’m into lines, simple lines. It’s a development of a six month obsession I had with calligraphy, which came out of a phase I had with cartoons, which came from Liechtenstein and Warhol, and so on all the way back. So I get out my charcoals, and a couple of sticks of chalk and I pin a heavy sheet of grey A3 paper onto a board and rest it on my knee as I sit on the bed.
On Saturday mornings when my Mum worked, he’d take me to town and I’d drag him around the art shops. On my eighth birthday he bought me an easel, a real one, not a kiddie’s. On my ninth birthday he bought me oils. On my sixth birthday he bought me a box of 99 crayons. ‘Draw me,’ he’d say. ‘Oh, Dad, I can’t.’ Some mornings I’d wake up and there’d be a book on my pillow about Picasso, or Chagall.
I should go to school, I really should. I’m not one of those kids who are scared to go. I don’t get bullied and I’m not thick. I just can’t find a good reason to waste my day in a classroom studying physics or citizenship or Buddhism. I could learn them in the library. Phil, the head of year eleven, will bollock me for it tomorrow, if I go in. I’ll tell Phil the truth, it was my Dad’s birthday and I spent it with him.
So I spend some time thinking about his hair, which I think is probably no more grey than it was last year. I know hair doesn’t age at the same speed every year, but I make his hair longer this year. And in my mind’s eye I give him an extra few pounds too. But I keep the smile fixed in my head, maybe a little muted, like it is when he’s happy but distracted, or trying to understand me when I’m babbling to him.
It’s head and shoulders, so I’ll put him in a T-shirt that shows his neck and throat and how strong he is and how his eyes sparkle and how his eyebrows are dead level straight and still black. I try to think of how much I want to show and how much I want to tell. Then I pick up a charcoal stick and do it. I pick up a chalk to add a suggestion of colour to his eyes, then another chalk for his mouth. And there he is. Dad.
(Adapted from ‘It’s Just the Sun Rising’ by James Ross)
12
That morning the narrator was woken up by
1) the kids.
2) his sister.
3) nobody.
4) an alarm clock.
Ответ: .
13
The narrator considers himself to be an artist because
1) he can draw a straighter line and a truer circle.
2) he gets lots of messages from other people.
3) he can speak to people more truthfully.
4) he is able to convey his ideas better than other people.
Ответ: .
14
The narrator’s manner of painting
1) is similar to Monet’s.
2) is like Dante Gabriel Rossetti’s.
3) comes from Liechtenstein and Warhol.
4) is constantly changing.
Ответ: .
15
The narrator was encouraged to paint by
1) his mother.
2) his father.
3) his brother.
4) his friend Phil.
Ответ: .
16
The narrator doesn’t want to go to school because
1) he prefers to study on his own.
2) he doesn’t like some subjects.
3) he is bullied at school.
4) he is scared to go there.
Ответ: .
17
In paragraph 6 ‘I’m not thick’ means that the narrator is
1) healthy.
2) clever.
3) strong.
4) hard-working.
Ответ: .
18
Compared to the previous year, the narrator’s father
1) has much greyer hair.
2) has a happier smile.
3) is a bit fatter.
4) is much stronger.
Ответ: .
Раздел 3. ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19—25.
Обратите внимание, что по правилам ЕГЭ ответы нужно писать без пробелов и других знаков, например, правильный ответ ‘have done’ нужно будет записать как ‘havedone’, иначе ваш ответ не засчитается.
What Can Computers Do?
19
Computers and microchips part of our everyday lives.
BECOME
20
We read magazines which on computers, we buy things with the help of computers, we pay bills prepared by computers.
PRODUCE
21
Just а phone call involves the use of а sophisticated computer system.
MAKE
22
In the past, life without computers was much than it is today.
DIFFICULT
23
The first computers were able to multiply long numbers, but they do anything else.
NOT CAN
24
Nobody stories about robots and space travel, but now computers are able to do almost all difficult jobs.
BELIEVE
25
What makes your computer such а miraculous device? It is а personal
communicator that you to interact with other computers and with people around the world. And you can even use your PC to relax with computer games.
ENABLE
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26—31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.
A Challenge for Europe
26
Recently there has been a small in the number of people out of work in Europe.
REDUCE
27
However, is still the number one social problem facing the 15 member states of the European Union.
EMPLOY
28
Moreover, of opportunity between men and women is still an issue that politicians in many countries have not come to grips with.
EQUAL
29
In professions such as law and engineering women are still by their absence.
NOTICE
30
still discriminate against women in a number of ways even if their qualifications are the same as those of men.
EMPLOY
31
It would be a pity if the of the EU on an economic level were marred by failure in the vital area of social policy.
ACHIEVE
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32—38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32—38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Charity
A lot of people in our world have little or no money at all. Many of them are homeless and can’t enjoy what most of us take for 32____. They need our help and there are a lot of charity organizations to help poor people. Because of charities many homeless people have shelters, hungry children have been fed, a lot of diseases have already been 33____ and many animals are safe.
Around the world there are a lot of children who suffer from different diseases, running 34____ time and hope. The biggest charity project in Russia is ‘Contribution to the Future’ whose goal is to help any child in need. Its programmes help poor, homeless and disabled children.
There are a lot of people in the world who have chosen charity as their main mission in life. One of the most famous missionaries was Mother Teresa. She lived the hard life of the poor alongside them; she knew how it felt sleeping on hard floors and living on dirty streets. And because she was experiencing 35____ what the people she was helping were going through, she so effectively knew how to give. Besides meeting people’s basic physical needs by giving them food and medicine, she met people’s emotional needs as well.
A lot of rich people also feel the necessity to help the poor. For example, Bill Gates is a famous billionaire, but he is also a noted philanthropist who donated the proceeds of his successful books to 36____ educational organizations. He has also given millions to initiatives in global health and learning, hoping to 37____ more and more people to have access to 38____ facilities in these areas. A good example is the opening of ‘The School of the Future’ in Philadelphia, sponsored by his company ‘Microsoft’.
The spirit of philanthropy is not about what or how much you give but rather about the feeling that you are helping others in need.
32
1) common
2) granted
3) usual
4) life
Ответ: .
33
1) recovered
2) healed
3) cared
4) cured
Ответ: .
34
1) with
2) out
3) of
4) out of
Ответ: .
35
1) first-hand
2) first-rate
3) first-time
4) first-ever
Ответ: .
36
1) unprofit
2) unprofitable
3) non-profit
4) non-profitable
Ответ: .
37
1) unable
2) enable
3) let
4) make
Ответ: .
38
1) visible
2) vigorous
3) vivid
4) vital
Ответ: .
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Раздел 4. ПИСЬМО
Для ответов на задания 39 и 40 используйте бланк ответов № 2. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него. Если одной стороны бланка недостаточно, Вы можете использовать другую его сторону.
…and then there’s a rugby match on Saturday. If our team wins, we’ll be the champions of our school. Who knows?
And another thing. I have to do a project on technology for school. Could you tell me a few things about how you use technology in your life? You know, computers, mobiles, TV, that sort of things. And what about your relatives? How do they use technology in their everyday lives?
Write back to Rob.
In your letter
— answer his questions
— ask 3 questions about rugby
Write 100 — 140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
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Comment on the following statement.
What is your opinion? Are computers going to replace printed books in the future?
Write 200 — 250 words.
— make an introduction (state the problem)
— express your personal opinion and give 2—3 reasons for your opinion
— express an opposing opinion and give 1—2 reasons for this opposing opinion
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
— make a conclusion restating your position
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Раздел 5. ГОВОРЕНИЕ
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— 3 фотографии. Нужно выбрать 1 и описать ее по предложенному тут же в задании плану за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
— 2 картинки. Нужно сравнить их, описать сходства и различия, объяснить, почему выбранная тематика близка выпускнику, за 3,5 минуты — 7 баллов.
Задание № 2469
Who does the title ‘Keeping Busy’ refer to?
1. young people.
2. school council.
3. town churches.
4. community.
Keeping busy
The public school in town served a number of purposes. Education, of course, was one. It offered a curriculum in general education, manual education, and preparatory education for college. Its music and sports programs provided entertainment to the school and its patrons. And the school served as an agency of social cohesion, bringing the community together in a common effort in which everyone took pride.
The sports program was the center of gravity of extra-curricular activities. The school fielded junior and senior varsity teams in football, basketball and track. Any young man with enough coordination to walk and chew gum at the same time could find a place on one of those teams. In addition, sports generated a need for pep rallies, cheerleaders, a band, homecoming activities, parades and floats, a homecoming queen and maids of honor, and a sports banquet. It also mobilized parents to support the activities with time and money.
There were any number of clubs a student might join. Some were related to academics, like the Latin Club, the Spanish Club, and the Science Club. Others brought together students interested in a profession, like the Future Farmers of America, the Future Homemakers of America, the Future Teachers of America, and the Pre-Med Club. Still others were focused on service. The Intra-Mural Council, made up of girls (who had been neglected in the regular sports program), organized tournaments in a variety of sports for girls. The Library Club worked to improve library holdings and equipment. The Pep Club organized homecoming activities, parades and athletic banquets.
The Student Council, including representatives from each class, was elected by the student body after a heated political campaign with banners and speeches. It represented student interests to the administration and the school board. It approved student clubs that were formed, helped resolve discipline problems, and played a role in setting codes of conduct and dress. For the most part, it was a docile body that approved the policies of the administration.
The Journalism Club published a monthly newspaper of school news and opinion. It was financed by selling ads to business men in the community.
Another group planned and published the school Yearbook, which was a pictorial record of the student body, the year’s activities, sports, and achievements. The Yearbook staff sponsored a beauty contest, pictured outstanding students selected by the faculty, and a Who’s Who of popular and talented students selected by the student body.
Churches in town, of which there were many, sponsored their own activities for youth; and the community sponsored a recreation center, called Teen Town, for chaperoned Saturday night dances each week. Community and school leaders seemed determined to keep the youth of the town busy and out of trouble. In a small Southern town in the Bible Belt where very few students had access to a car, which had been voted dry and in which no alcohol was sold, they succeeded marvelously well.
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The first paragraph implies that the public school
1) was more than just an educational institution.
2) offered the best educational curriculum.
3) had developed close ties with a college.
4) preferred students talented in sports and music.
The public school in town served a number of purposes. Education, of course, was one. It offered a curriculum in general education, manual education, and preparatory education for college. Its music and sports programs provided entertainment to the school and its patrons. And the school served as an agency of social cohesion, bringing the community together in a common effort in which everyone took pride.
The sports program was the center of gravity of extra-curricular activities. The school fielded junior and senior varsity teams in football, basketball and track. Any young man with enough coordination to walk and chew gum at the same time could find a place on one of those teams. In addition, sports generated a need for pep rallies, cheerleaders, a band, homecoming activities, parades and floats, a homecoming queen and maids of honor, and a sports banquet. It also mobilized parents to support the activities with time and money.
There were any number of clubs a student might join. Some were related to academics, like the Latin Club, the Spanish Club, and the Science Club. Others brought together students interested in a profession, like the Future Farmers of America, the Future Homemakers of America, the Future Teachers of America, and the Pre-Med Club. Still others were focused on service. The Intra-Mural Council, made up of girls (who had been neglected in the regular sports program), organized tournaments in a variety of sports for girls. The Library Club worked to improve library holdings and equipment. The Pep Club organized homecoming activities, parades and athletic banquets.
The Student Council, including representatives from each class, was elected by the student body after a heated political campaign with banners and speeches. It represented student interests to the administration and the school board. It approved student clubs that were formed, helped resolve discipline problems, and played a role in setting codes of conduct and dress. For the most part, it was a docile body that approved the policies of the administration.
The Journalism Club published a monthly newspaper of school news and opinion. It was financed by selling ads to business men in the community.
Another group planned and published the school Yearbook, which was a pictorial record of the student body, the year’s activities, sports, and achievements. The Yearbook staff sponsored a beauty contest, pictured outstanding students selected by the faculty, and a Who’s Who of popular and talented students selected by the student body.
Churches in town, of which there were many, sponsored their own activities for youth; and the community sponsored a recreation center, called Teen Town, for chaperoned Saturday night dances each week. Community and school leaders seemed determined to keep the youth of the town busy and out of trouble. In a small Southern town in the Bible Belt where very few students had access to a car, which had been voted dry and in which no alcohol was sold, they succeeded marvelously well.
Simply put, education enables children to acquire knowledge and skills that will help them to become successful members of society, and grow into good and accomplished individuals. In order to materialize this idea, it is necessary to build good relationships between students, teachers, and parents. Thanks to the influence of their environment, students get the opportunity to develop their full potential, talents, and achieve their life goals.
This applies to every level of education, from elementary through high school, to college and university education. Regardless of the level of education and whether we are talking about private or public schools, the goals are the same. What differs is the methods of work, and the complexity of challenges students and teachers are faced with.
Education is the key to success
Adequate education helps a young person to become a full member of society. Knowledge provides the basis for a successful career, high social status, decent life, and the opportunity to achieve one’s ambitions. Reaching such a high level requires a lot of effort and desire to overcome the first obstacle. An educated individual is aware that they must learn and develop throughout their life so as to be able to recognize and seize numerous opportunities presented before them.
This is not an easy task, which is why children should understand the importance of education from an early age. Parents can be very helpful in this process, but the greatest responsibility still rests on teachers. They have the most experience when it comes to conveying knowledge, which is particularly important in early childhood development. Early childhood is a period when one starts to develop individual talents and acquire work habits.
The conclusion that can be derived from the above is that one of the purposes of education is to teach students how to think and apply the acquired knowledge in a creative and productive way. This is how they will prepare themselves for all the challenges that await them, because knowledge is the key to success.
Knowledge is the foundation of a successful career
There are many definitions and opinions about the role of education, but what they all share is the importance of acquiring concrete knowledge and skills. Thus, some experts believe that the most important goal of job training is to make one into a useful member of society, while others insist on achieving personal ambitions and potential.
Regardless of how one views the purpose of learning, the fact is that without specialized knowledge, it is impossible to achieve success in life. Such knowledge is acquired in school, and expanded through higher education, as well as personal development outside the regular education system.
Quality education enables the development of skills (problem solving, adaptability, working under pressure, etc.) that increase one’s chances of finding a better job, career advancement, and gaining various benefits, such as:
High social status
High social status is obtained by achieving exceptional results in one’s chosen profession. Prestigious diplomas and professional development enable people with higher education to take influential positions in society. As a rule, these are professions with great responsibility (judges, doctors, lawyers, politicians, etc.).
Although it is not the ultimate goal of education, high socioeconomic status is closely related to career success. This is especially visible in the example of individuals of outstanding talent who left a significant mark on society (e.g. artists and scientists).
Decent life
What interests every student when they need to choose their course of study is what kind of opportunities that education will bring. The purpose of education, among other things, is to have a decent life, which entails:
- Financial independence
- Travel
- Enough free time for family and personal hobbies
- Sense of professional fulfillment
- Health security
Opportunity to achieve one’s ambitions
Everyone has ambitions, but only those who invest a lot of effort in their personal development can expect to see the realization of their plans. Education is the shortest and most secure path toward that goal, because it provides a systematic approach to acquiring the necessary knowledge of a particular area. It should be noted that education does not only mean sitting in the classroom, but also the acquisition of various skills, such as social skills.
Success and the realization of one’s life plans will come only with the acquisition and continuous development of skills that are learned for years, and necessary in a professional environment.
Acquiring positive skills and habits
The purpose of education is adopting good habits that will not only help one in school, but also represent the key to a positive approach in all areas of life. This implies:
- Coping with stress– school life is a turning point in a child’s life, when they encounter serious responsibilities and stressful situations for the first time. This is why teachers and other education experts develop plans on how to educate students, helping them to tackle their responsibilities in the right way (creative workshops, lectures, exercises, interviews with the school counsellor and psychologist).
- Mastering learning techniques – one of the most important purposes of education is helping students learn how to learn. Throughout the course of their education, students need to master lessons, solve tests, and generally acquire information that is not often interesting. Mastering learning techniques is one of the methods for students to adopt positive habits that will have a great impact on their future career.
- Teamwork – mutual cooperation is an important life lesson that will not only help students solve school assignments, but will prove to be invaluable for many challenges in life. Man is a social animal, and a community can only function if there is mutual cooperation between its members. School often puts students in situations where they can only reach results through teamwork. As a result, students develop people skills and understand how to combine their talent with the talent of others so as to achieve the common goal. It is a skill that is necessary both in professional career, and one’s private life.
- Critical thinking – this term denotes a form of learning where things are not taken for granted. Students are encouraged to analyze each solution and piece of information first, linking it to known information, and taking a research approach to each task. This way, students are encouraged to utilize their creativity and logical reasoning, instead of simply executing commands without asking themselves if that is, indeed, the best solution.
Recognizing student preferences and developing their talent
When they start school, children have no idea what they want to do, or what special talents they possess. Education has a very important role to help students identify and develop their talents through learning opportunities and specialized programs. Every individual has unique skills, and whether they will succeed in developing them or not, depends on their ambition, but also on the school curriculum.
In order to give everyone equal opportunities, schools organize numerous talent development programs, encouraging students to try out different school clubs and test their talents. Hobbies and spending time with other students in school clubs often proves decisive in shaping one’s interests and ambitions. Thus, successful school athletes often become professionals, while art lovers become actors or musicians.
Socialization and development of communication skills
One of the main purposes of education is socialization and the development of social skills. It is a process where children learn to communicate with others, and understand the needs of others. Children develop these skills from an early age, and additional training in school allows them to perfect the skills such as negotiation and collaborative problem solving, as well as to spend time with peers, learning to express their attitudes while showing respect for the opinion of others.
As the school context commonly implies large groups of students, schools have a great responsibility to be mediators of sorts, defining the rules and presenting ways of communicating so as to guide children toward examples of positive behavior. This way, children gain the confidence to become part of their community and acquire valuable skills that will prove extremely useful later in life. If a good foundation is laid, children will be able to overcome all challenges, which will be reflected in their success in school, as well as defining life goals.
Students become better persons
In order to fully understand the world, one needs to possess certain knowledge. Education enables children to acquire academic achievements they will need to interpret life situations, develop critical thinking, and make the best possible decisions. Education helps people to better understand social relationships, needs, and behavior of other people. This is achieved not only by learning about certain phenomena in society, but also through specific activities, such as volunteer work in one’s community.
Schools play a very important role in that sense, because it encourages students to change the world for the better together. When empathy is combined with education, it creates accomplished young people with the knowledge that allows them to achieve a successful life. Of course, the main requirement is building a relationship of trust between students and teachers.
What is the main purpose of education?
The main purpose of education is to provide the opportunity for acquiring knowledge and skills that will enable people to develop their full potential, and become successful members of society. School does not just involve letters and numbers, but also teachers and the entire education system where students are taught critical thinking, honesty, and humanitarianism. These are invaluable lessons that stay with a person throughout their life.
Moreover, the role of education includes preparing students for the challenges of the 21st century, learning strategies and techniques, and adequate preparation for the jobs of the future. Thanks to good education, students will be prepared for all the challenges that await in their professional and private life.
Introduction:
The main purpose of education is the integral development of a person. In addition, it is a source of its obvious benefits for a fuller and better life. Education can contribute to the betterment of society as a whole. It develops a society in which people are aware of their rights and duties.
Education is a cultural and learning process. Through this, all people can develop cognitive abilities, physical abilities and establish values and beliefs. That allows us to act as good citizens.
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Why is education important?
You also might think about the goal of education. You must be thinking that why do we need education? What is education for? what is the ultimate purpose of education? Is education important only for employment?
While thinking about education, many questions arise mind. Here is why education is important.
Access to education is a right that all people have equally. Hence it has importance and significant value in the various areas of human development.
Education goes beyond acquiring or reinforcing knowledge. Since it is also a cultural process that allows us to better understand our context.
In this sense, education encompasses different purposes and valuable factors. That includes culture, moral values, cognitive development, and social integration.
What are the four purposes of education?
Making money, indoctrinating, leading the way, etc. are their ultimate goals. But these are not the purposes of education. But rather the instrumentalization of education in the service of frequently unspeakable objectives.
The purpose of education in this modern time is to accelerate people’s mindful progress. So that they can function in society. They can generate critical thoughts. Also, they can Propose ideas or projects based on the common welfare. They become skilled enough to create a balanced society.
Learning is innate to the human being. Therefore, education is an essential process that is unstoppable and complex.
Education trains people free of thought, belief, and opinion. They become able to distinguish good from the bad. In an attempt, they get to share their knowledge with others.
Informal education:
It refers to out-of-school education. That is unlike formal education. It does not follow a study plan or school curriculum approved by State entities. Therefore, it is not certified with an academic degree or diploma.
Non-formal education can be taught in academies, institutes, or study centers. Those are private or public-based educational institutes.
It is also the education acquired throughout life and through the advice of family members. It includes experiences in various activities or social obligations in general. This type of education is learned through life lessons and mistakes.
Formal Education:
Formal education is learned within schools and colleges. Students follow all the instructions according to their rules. A standard and organized course outline have been followed in this type of formal education. Students appear in exams and tests. They are examined throughout their educational period.
Long-distance education:
Long-distance education is one in which the student does not need to participate in person in the class. So that distances do not limit the educational process. They are even part of formal university education.
They get formal education but through online mediums. They learn and take classes online. They have the liberty to enjoy their freedom at home.
This type of education uses, to a large extent, the resources and study methodologies. These are developed based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).
What are education’s meaning and ultimate purpose?
The ultimate purpose of education is to build a progressed society. Education is a continuous process. That is transmitted from generation to generation. Therefore, it does not end. People constantly learn new things and strengthen themselves. They communicate with people and discuss their ideologies. Either through contact with other people, they exchange cultural diversity and experiences.
Western philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle can be considered as the first educators. It was they who applied different methods to promote education. It also contributed to the development of critical thinking.
The first school to be founded was Plato’s Academy. It considers a model for today’s schools and universities.
Education, teaching, and learning methods are the objects of the study of pedagogy. It takes into account both formal and non-formal education.
Education plays its role in the development, competitiveness, and improvement of the quality of life. Among all people, it can only be achieved through education. Its learning methodologies and tools even involve the use of information and communication. Also the technologies depending on shared knowledge.
The Importance of education in society:
Education is one of the factors that most influence the advancement and progress of people and societies. In addition to providing knowledge and learning. Education enriches culture, spirit, values , and everything that characterizes us as human beings.
Education in the 21st century:
21st-century education focuses on personalization, equality, collaboration, communication, and community relationships. These skills are necessary for a rapidly changing global economy. Students will be trained for jobs that are not yet in practice.
Education is the most powerful transformation tool that exists. Since it allows promoting human rights and sustainable development. Thus this focuses on building a fairer and more equitable future for all people.
According to Malala Yousafzai, what is the purpose of education?
Malala, the activist for girls’ education. Malala jumped onto the international stage in 2012. After a Taliban shot her in the head for defying the group. It was due to speaking out about education for girls and women.
According to her, the purpose of education is to create a capable society. The ability to think and progressive attitudes among people.
While defending the education for girls. That experience did not stop her and she continued with her mission. Following her recovery and relocation to the UK. Malala received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014. To this day, she remains the youngest person to win it.
In April 2017, the UN named her Messenger of Peace. She has founded the Malala Fund, which aims to create “a world where all girls can learn without fear.”
But teaching cannot be effective if we only understand it as a mere transmission of knowledge. The teachers turn over concepts and the students limit themselves to memorizing them. We have to go one step further. The Education that Malala champions imply a critical, proactive spirit.
Some people die to defend the right to be educated. Can you imagine that this defense only serves to create an educational system? In which parents ‘park’ their children in schools to be able to go to work?
Malala’s goal, and that of so many others fighting for the right to be educated, surely goes much further.
We must demand an educational system that makes our children responsible, capable, creative, and critical citizens.
Because “A child, a teacher, a pencil and a book can change the world.”
Conclusion:
It should be noted that the freedom obtained from education is limited in terms of respecting others and avoiding abuses of power.
In this sense, education seeks that people have a full and respectful life. They have the confidence of knowing what their best options are. What contributions they can offer to contribute to a better society. Where individuals know what their rights are and duties as citizens.
However, education must be guided or led by those who have extensive knowledge in various areas. As parents, teachers, or specialists play a major role in providing education. It also implies, necessarily, great discipline and perseverance on the part of the student or apprentice in general.
Considering these aspects, the purpose of education is to follow and act on the most important pillars of society. It teaches to follow and respect the state policies of a country. Education contributes to the development of society. An educated society counteracts injustices, anti-values , and the violation of human rights due to ignorance