The white house егэ ответы - Exhelper.top - портал для учащихся

1) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Can fish hear?

To divers, the underwater world is silent, and we call the ocean the “silent deep.” But to a fish, the underwater world isn’t silent at all. Fish can “hear” other fish ___ (MOVE) through the water.

2) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Fish ___ (NOT HAVE) ears, but they do have a structure inside their head that is very much like our own inner ear.

3) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

This structure is sensitive to vibrations in the water, ___ (MAKE) by other fish.

4) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Research ___ (SHOW) that some fish are sensitive to ordinary sounds, too. Catfish can probably hear everything we hear!

5) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

The White House

The White House, in Washington, DC, is one of the world’s most recognized buildings. It is the home of the president of the United States. The original house ___ (BUILD) in the 1790s.

6) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

It was burnt down in 1814, and rebuilt ___ (LATE).

7) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Since then, various presidents ___ (MAKE) changes to it over the years. The White House has 132 rooms, including the President’s Oval Office.

Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Great Britain at the 2012 London Olympics

This is certainly the greatest Games for Britain in more than a century, and realistically the greatest ever. The British were more ___ (SUCCESS) only once in 1908, in London, when a third of all the competitors were from the UK.

9) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Gold medals came from 13 different sports as several made ___ (IMPRESS) breakthroughs, including in canoe slalom, road cycling, triathlon and taekwondo.

10) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

___ (SWIM), however, brought no gold medals in the Aquatics Centre.

11) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

They won just one silver and two bronze medals and a review was launched into their ___ (TRAIN).

12) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

Optimists may also conclude from London 2012 that the British team came within a whisker of at least five or six more Olympic titles. However, nobody can ___ (SERIOUS) suggest second place for the UK at the next Olympics.

13) Вставьте слово, которое грамматически и лексически будет соответствовать содержанию текста.

If funding levels are maintained and progress continues for the next four years, the defense of third place could be a realistic ___ (EXPECT).

14) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Philip and Michael

Philip Masters was a millionaire now. ___, everyone in the club was aware that he had built up his own business from scratch after he had left his first job as a kitchen salesman.

1) Therefore
2) Moreover
3) However
4) Although

15) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

“Ready-Fit Kitchens” had started in a shed at the end of Philip’s garden. Later, he ___ in building a factory on the other side of town that employed more than three hundred people.

1) fulfilled
2) succeeded
3) managed
4) achieved

16) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Ten years later, the financial press speculated that Philip’s business was worth a couple of million. When five more years later the company was taken over by the John Lewis Partnership, Philip got seventeen million pounds. ___ businessmen were as lucky as he was.

1) Little
2) Many
3) Much
4) Few

17) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Philip was married for more than twenty years. He had fallen in love with Sally at first ___. Now Sally was chairman of the regional branch of the Save the Children Fund. Their son had just won a place at St Anne’s College, Oxford. Michael was the boy’s godfather.

1) view
2) sight
3) look
4) glimpse

18) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Michael Gilmour could ___ be a greater contrast.

1) simply
2) nearly
3) hardly
4) merely

19) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

On leaving school, where Philip had been his closest friend, he ___ to find a permanent job. He started out as a trainee with Watneys, but lasted only a few months.

1) lacked
2) missed
3) failed
4) lost

20) Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Then he started to work as a reporter with a publishing company. He drifted from job to job. ___ Philip, he married his childhood sweetheart, Carol West, the daughter of a local doctor. They had a daughter. Michael seemed to have settled down at last.

1) Like
2) Alike
3) Familiar
4) Similar

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Подробности: 1115


Прочитайте текст. Заполните пропуски в предложениях под номерами В4-В10 соответствующими формами слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами справа от каждого предложения. TEST 12 ( part 1)

CAN FISH HEAR?

B4	То divers, the underwater world is silent, and we call the ocean the «silent deep.» But to a fish, the underwater world isn’t silent at all. Fish can «hear» other fish ___________ through the water.	MOVE
B5	Fish _________ ears, but they do have a structure inside their head that is very much like our own inner ear.	NOT HAVE
B6	This structure is sensitive to vibrations in the water, ___________ by other fish.	MAKE
B7	Research ___________ that some fish are sensitive to ordinary sounds, too. Catfish can probably hear everything we hear!	SHOW

THE WHITE HOUSE

B8	The White House, in Washington, DC, is one of the world’s most recognized buildings. It is the home of the president of the United States. The original house ___________ in the 1790s.	BUILD
B9	It was burnt down in 1814, and rebuilt ___________.	LATE
B10	Since then, various presidents ____________ changes to it over the years. The White House has 132 rooms, including the President’s Oval Office.	MAKE

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The White House

The White House, in Washington, DC, is
one of the world’s most recognized buildings. It is the home of the president
of the United States. The original house __________________ in the 1790s.

BUILD

Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B4 – B10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4 – B10.

Источник

Прочитайте текст. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A7–A14 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated).

The White House

For more than 200 years, the White House has been known as the symbol of the President’s administration, and of the United States.
The history of the White House began when President George Washington signed an Act of Congress in December of 1790 which declared that the federal government would live in a district «not exceeding ten miles square on the river Potomac.» The creation of the new American capital began. Later it was named Washington after the first American President.

George Washington, together with the city planner Pierre L’Enfant, chose the place for the new president’s home. A competition was held to find an architect to design the President’s House. Nine proposals were handed in, and architect James Hoban won the competition. He proposed to build an impressive three-storey house.

The construction began in October of 1792. Although President Washington watched over the construction of the house, he never lived in it. Originally the White House was grey and was called the Presidential Palace. In 1800, when it was nearly completed, its first residents, President John Adams and his wife moved in. Ever since, each President of the United States has lived in this residence.

The Presidential Palace was seriously damaged in the great fire of 1814. The British invaded Washington and burned many buildings. After the war James Hoban, the original architect, partially rebuilt the President’s home. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. At various times in history, the building has been known as the President’s Palace, the President’s House, and the Executive Mansion. President Theodore Roosevelt officially gave it the name of the White House in 1901.
The White House is the president’s private home and each president has made his own changes and additions in it. At first the president’s office was located in the living area, on the second floor of the White House. When Theodore Roosevelt brought his large family to the White House in 1901, he felt that his office and his home should be completely separated. Two wings were added to the first floor of the building: the East Wing and the West Wing. The President’s Office was moved into the West Wing and was called the Oval Office.

In 1805 President Thomas Jefferson opened the house for public tours. However, since September 11, 2001 the public tours have been prohibited.

There are 132 rooms in the residence now. For recreation, the White House has a variety of facilities available to its residents, including a tennis court, a jogging track, a swimming pool, a movie theatre, and a bowling alley.

The garden around the White House was first planted by John Adams, the first resident of the White house. Later it was redesigned by many presidents and their first ladies. The part of the garden outside the Oval Office is used now as a place for official ceremonies.
Задание №0A1686
President Theodore Roosevelt enlarged the territory of the White House.
1)
True
2)
False
3)
Not stated
Задание №163D1A
The White House had several names during its history.
1)
True
2)
False
3)
Not stated
Задание №3CB277
The President’s House was built according to George Washington’s design.
1)
True
2)
False
3)
Not stated
Задание №4DA0E9
The White House offers different sport facilities to its residents.
1)
True
2)
False
3)
Not stated
Задание №5301B3
All the government members approved of the place for the new capital.
1)
True
2)
False
3)
Not stated
Задание №56
The garden of the White House presents a rich collection of exotic plants.
1)
True
2)
False
3)
Not stated

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Прочитайте текст и найдите в нем ответы на эти вопросы:
1. Какой адрес у Белого Дома?
2. Какого цвета было здание, являвшееся домом американского президента? Как оно называлось?
3. Кто выбирал место столицы?
4. Каковы были недостатки Президентского Дворца?
5. Что случилось с Прездентским Дворцом в 1814? Кто восстанавливал его?
6. Как Белый Дом стал белым?
7. Чем Белый дом является сейчас?
8. Каким образом выражение “Белый Дом” часто используется неофициально?
В Вашингтоне Пенсильвания Авеню, 1600 совершенно особенный адрес. Это адрес Белого Дома, дома президента Соединенных Штатов.
Изначально Белый Дом был серым и назывался Президентским Дворцом. Он строился с 1792 до 1800. В то время город Вашингтон строился. Он должен был стать новой национальной столицей. Джордж Вашингтон, первый президент, и Пьер Чарльз л’Энфант, французский инженер, тогда планировали город. Дом президента был важной частью плана.
Был объявлен конкурс, чтобы подобрать дизайн для дома президента. Выиграл архитектор по имени Джеймс Хобан. Он спроектировал трехэтажный дом из серого камня.
Президент Вашингтон никогда не жил в Президентском Дворце.
Первый президент, который жил там, был Джон Адамс, второй президент Соединенных штатов, со своей женой. Миссис Адамс на самом деле не любила свой новый дом. В своих письмах она часто жаловалась на холод. Пятидесяти каминов не хватало, чтобы поддерживать тепло в доме!
В 1812 Соединенные Штаты и Британия начали войну. В 1814 англичане захватили Вашингтон. Они сожгли много зданий, включая Президентский Дворец.
После войны Джеймс Хобан, первый архитектор, частично перестроил президентский дом. Чтобы скрыть следы огня, здание было покрашено в белый цвет. С тех пор оно было известно как Белый дом.
В 1901 президент Теодор Рузвельт издал приказ, меняющий официальное название на “Белый Дом”.
С тех пор как он был сожжен в 1814 английскими войсками во время войны 1812, Белый Дом претерпел многочисленные изменения. Сегодня в нем есть приемная и столовая, жилое помещение для президента и его семьи (на третьем этаже), президентский Овальный Кабинет и кабинеты для президентского штата.
Здесь, в Белом Доме, президент проводит совещания, на которых определяется национальная и международная политика, подписывает новые законы и выполняет много служебных обязанностей.
Кроме резиденции, Белый Дом является общественным зданием и поэтому в определенное время он открывается для посещения. Белый Дом — это один из самых популярных мест для посещения туристами в Соединенных Штатах.
Термин “Белый Дом” часто используется неофициально, чтобы обозначать президента или исполнительную ветвь правительства Соединенных Штатов.
Ответы на вопросы:
1. Washington, D.C. 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue is the address of the White House.
2. It was grey and its name was the Presidential Palace.
3. George Washington and Pierre Charles L’Enfant chose the place for the capital.
4. It was very cold: fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep warmth in the house.
5. The Presidential Palace was burnt down by British troops in 1814, and after the war James Hoban partially rebuilt the president’s home.
6. The building was painted white to cover the marks of the fire, and since that time it is called the White House.
7. It is the president residence and a public building today.
8. This term is often used colloquially to denote the President or the executive branch of the government of the United States.

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Задание 12 № 2278

Показать текстадание 12 № 2278

Paragraph 1 says that people …

1) tend to ask strange questions about climate change.

2) think that the climate is not changing.

3) doubt that climate change is man-made.

4) believe that in medieval times climate was harsh.

Do you believe in climate change?

This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now.

The typical

discussion starts: «I know that the climate is changing, but hasn’t it always changed through natural cycles?»

Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point.

Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly,

even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting

is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before.

Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased.

However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able

to express their doubts.

This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect

on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People

modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate

change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role.

Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories

in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction

the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I

don’t think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and

the public.

Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it’s not

something you should believe or not believe in -this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence — and there’s

a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind

up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the

common question was: «Has climate change stopped?» despite that fact that many other regions of the world

were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real

evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture.

You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it

was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show

the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid,

and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause.

Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change

will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way,

so the evidence will be there in plain sight.

The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those

changes? That’s why it’s important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their

evidence and research so people can stay up to date — and make up their own minds.

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Задание 19 № 2203

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово MOVE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Can fish hear?

То divers, the underwater world is silent, and we call the ocean the «silent deep.» But to a fish, the underwater world isn’t silent at all. Fish can «hear» other fish ___________ through the water.

Ответ:

Задание 20 № 2204

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово NOT HAVE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Fish _________ ears, but they do have a structure inside their head that is very much like our own inner ear.

Ответ:

Задание 21 № 2343

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SERVE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

He started ___________ the syrup diluted with soda-water to customers in his drugstore. That’s how the

Ответ:

Задание 22 № 2206

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SHOW так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Research ___________ that some fish are sensitive to ordinary sounds, too. Catfish can probably hear everything we hear!

Ответ:

Задание 23 № 2207

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BUILD так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

The White House

The White House, in Washington, DC, is one of the world’s most recognized buildings. It is the home of the president of the United States. The original house ___________ in the 1790s.

Ответ:

Задание 24 № 2208

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово LATE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

It was burnt down in 1814, and rebuilt ___________.

Ответ:

Задание 25 № 2209

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово MAKE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Since then, various presidents ____________ changes to it over the years. The White House has 132 rooms, including

the President’s Oval Office.

Ответ:

Задание 26 № 2118

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово BEGIN так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Famous inventions stories

Have you ever wondered how the most famous inventions were created? From the ____________ of time, humans

everywhere have been inventing.

Ответ:

Задание 27 № 2119

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово IMPRESS так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало

содержанию текста.

By looking into our past and bringing invention stories to life, we are all reminded that regular people, like you and me, were able to come up with _____________ ideas that ended up having a great impact.

Ответ:

Задание 28 № 2120

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово EDUCATION так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Knowing the past can help you create the future. If you are looking for invention inspiration, background for an __________ project, or just have a curious mind — read about famous inventions. The stories of great inventions are fascinating.

Ответ:

Задание 29 № 2121

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово SIMPLE так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Some great inventions were created ____________ by mistake, others by trial and error.

Ответ:

Задание 30 № 2122

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово INVENT так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Some _____________ of the most well-known products have incredible stories of innovation to tell.

Ответ:

Задание 31 № 2123

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово CREATE так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Some of them were not aware at the time of their inventions that their ___________ would have a great impact on

the world, while others realised immediately that they had a winner.

Ответ:

Задание 32 № 2377

Вставьте пропущенное слово:

1) held

2) took

3) used

4) kept

It wasn’t unusual for Amos to go to Deravenels on Saturday, even though the offices were closed over the weekend.

He 32 ______ to go to tidy up his paperwork and do other small jobs he couldn’t attend to during the week.

But on this Saturday morning he had a specific purpose when he arrived at the grand old building on the Strand.

The uniformed doorman 33 ______ Amos close his umbrella and take off his raincoat. Then he touched his cap and said,

“Good morning, Mr. Finnister”.

Amos had come to the office to 34 ______ a few telephone calls. His first call was to the Royal London Hospital,

Whitechapel, where he quickly discovered the records office was not open on weekends. He then dialed Ravenscar

and was put through to Edward Deravenel.

“Good morning, Amos,” Edward said. “I’m assuming you have some news for me.” Amos then relayed all the

information he had gathered the night before.

“Well done, Amos!” Edward exclaimed. “Thank you for going into all this 35 ______ . I knew I could depend 36 ______

you. My wife will be happy as I am to know everything; it’s been such a mystery all these years. To 37 ______ the truth,

I think that Grace Rose should also know what happened to her mother. It will finally put her mind at rest.”

“I agree, sir. I will telephone you on Monday”. Amos walked home, 38 ______ no attention to the heavy rain.

He felt happy.

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Задание 39 № 2615

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Mary who writes:

…My aunt lives in Arkansas and last week her house was ruined by a tornado. What do you think are the most horrible natural disasters? Which of them are typical of the place where you live? What can people do to protect themselves from them?

My history teacher got the annual award “Best teacher of the year”, I’m so happy for her!…

Write a letter to Mary. In your letter answer her questions, ask 3 questions about her history teacher. Write 100–140 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Решения заданий части С не проверяются автоматически.
На следующей странице вам будет предложено проверить их самостоятельно.

Задание 40 № 2667

Comment on the following statement.

Reading poetry is becoming less and less important for young people nowadays.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? rite 200–250 words. Use the following plan:

− make an introduction (state the problem)

− express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion

− express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion

− explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

− make a conclusion restating your position

Задание 41 № 2860

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for

the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then

be ready to read it out aloud. You will

not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Spencer was an engineer, philosopher and psychologist, who in his day was as famous as Darwin. He first coined the phrase ‘survival of the fittest’. Darwin paid him the compliment of using it himself. Herbert was the eldest of nine children, all the rest of whom died in infancy. Trained as a civil engineer, he became a philosopher, psychologist, sociologist, economist and inventor. He sold more than a million books in his lifetime and was the first to apply evolutionary theory to psychology, philosophy and the study of society.

He also invented the paperclip. The device was called Spencer’s Binding Pin and was produced on a modified hook-and-eye machine. It did well in its first year, but demand dried up. During the Second World War, paperclips were an emotive symbol of Norwegian resistance to the German occupation. A giant paperclip was later erected in Oslo.

Задание 42 № 2790

Study the advertisement.

You are considering staying a night at the hotel and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask five direct questions to find out the following:

1) number of available rooms

2) Russian speaking staff

3) entertainment programs

4) museums and theatres nearby the hotel

5) if they take credit cards

You have 20 seconds to ask each question.

Задание 43 № 2826

These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.

You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:

• where and when the photo was taken

• what/who is in the photo

• what is happening

• why you keep the photo in your album

• why you decided to show the picture to your friend

You have to talk continuously, starting with: «I’ve chosen photo number … «.

Задание 44 № 2891

Study the two photographs. In 1.5 minutes be ready to compare and contrast the photographs:

• give a brief description of the photos (action, location)

• say what the pictures have in common

• say in what way the pictures are different

• say which teacher presented in the photos you like more

• explain why

You will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). You have to talk continuously.

автоматически.

Источник

Раздел 1. Аудирование

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A—F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1—7. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в поле справа.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

1. Some modern films are very similar to each other.

2. The quality of films today isn’t what it used to be.

3. Big names in cinema make films commercially successful.

4. You can always find a movie to suit your current mood.

5. Films should be used as a source of learning.

6. Sometimes it’s good to watch a film just for fun.

7. Some films can put you in a bad mood.

Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений A—G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Вы услышите запись дважды.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

A. Jane is getting ready for her final exams.

B. Jane won’t be able to study tonight.

C. Jane’s computer isn’t working because of a software failure.

D. Fred has offered to lend Jane a computer.

E. Jane thinks she won’t be able to finish her work on time.

F. Fred enjoys watching horror films at the cinema.

G. Jane will go to the cinema alone.

Вы услышите интервью. В заданиях 3—9 выберите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Нажмите , чтобы прослушать запись

What does James Chandler say about reading in the USA?

1. It’s more popular than watching television.

2. America is currently the biggest reading nation.

3. Americans buy and read only bestsellers.

Which is, according to James Chandler, the first reason

1. Proper education.

2. The growing number of libraries.

3. A variety of publications.

What, according to James Chandler, is good about book sales at local libraries.

1. People show how much they care about their libraries.

2. The libraries buy books at big discounts.

3. They make books more available.

What does James Chandler say about American public libraries?

1. They protect books from people.

2. They’re located only in big cities.

3. People donate books to libraries to sell.

Which does James Chandler NOT list as a place where one can buy books in the USA?

1. Airports.

2. Book clubs.

3. Drug stores.

Which of the following is TRUE about student-run university book stores?

1. Students make big salaries there.

2. They operate 24 hours a day.

3. Sales support educational grants for students.

Why are the ‘paperback supermarkets’ good for the book trade?

1. They offer rather cheap prices.

2. They are conveniently located.

3. They have a wide choice of books.

Раздел 2. Чтение

Установите соответствие тем 1 — 8 текстам A — G. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.

1. Strange colours in the sky

2. Changes of the seasons

3. Expanding the influence

4. The last role

5. The last night

6. Waves in the air

7. Influence of magic forces

8. For war and peace

A. In rural Irish communities of the early 1800s, weather forecasting was anything but a precise science. There were people who predicted and explained turns in the weather through the prism of superstition. One particular storm in 1839 was so peculiar that rural folk in the west of Ireland, stunned by its ferocity, feared it could be the end of the world. Some blamed it on the “fairies” from local tales.

B. The eruption of the volcano at Krakatoa in the Pacific Ocean was a major disaster by any measure. In 1883, the entire island of Krakatoa was simply blown apart, and the resulting tsunami killed tens of thousands of people on other islands. The volcanic dust thrown into the atmosphere affected the weather around the world, and people as far away as Britain and the United States saw red sunsets caused by particles in the atmosphere.

C. The dust from Mount Tambora, which had erupted in early April 1815 in the Indian Ocean, shrouded the globe. And with sunlight blocked, 1816 did not have a normal summer. The weather in Europe and North America took a bizarre turn that resulted in crop failures and even famine. Spring came but then everything seemed to turn backward, as cold temperatures returned.

D. Wireless telegraphy originated as a term to describe electrical signaling without the electric wires to connect the end points. It was different from the conventional electric telegraph signaling. The term was initially applied to a variety of competing technologies to communicate messages encoded as symbols, without wires, around the turn of the 20th century, but radio emerged as the most significant.

E. By the time Abraham Lincoln became president, the telegraph had become an accepted part of American life. Lincoln’s first State of the Union message was transmitted over the telegraph wires in 1861. During the Civil War, Lincoln spent many hours in the telegraph room of the War Department building near the White House. The president would generally write his messages in longhand, and telegraph operators would relay them, in military cipher, to the front.

F. One of the truly tragic events in American history is the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Just as the Civil War was coming to an end, on April 14, 1865, the president had sought a night of relaxation at Ford’s Theatre, a short carriage drive from the White House. As Lincoln watched the play, John Wilkes Booth, an actor, shot the president and fled.

G. It is probably impossible to overestimate Queen Victoria’s importance to the British history of the 1800s. She took an active involvement in the affairs of state and strongly believed that Britain should rule much of the world as an empire. Indicating her role as an imperial leader, her official title as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland was changed in the late 1870s to also include the title Empress of India.

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке лишняя.

1. and continue to influence its present and future

2. that influences the public opinion and lifestyle

3. has changed and evolved to reflect the needs of a growing

4. to one and a half million visitors each year

5. to half a million books and documents that help to inform them

6. that affect the lives of every Canadian

7. to both symbolize and celebrate the great nation it serves

Parliament Hill is the home of Canadian democracy and a proud national symbol. It is the heart of Canada’s federal government, where representatives from across the country meet to make laws A ______ .

And it is much more than that. Parliament Hill is where you can explore figures, events and achievements that have shaped the country’s past, B ______ . Look closely and you can uncover an image of Canada, its people, history and culture.

The planning and construction of the buildings, monuments and landscapes of Parliament Hill began in 1859. Since then, the Hill C ______ and modern country. The Hill is home to Canada’s federal government, and welcomes close D ______ . A place of work, a place to meet and a place of leisure, Canada’s Parliament Hill has come E ______ .

The beautiful structures of Parliament Hill include many historic monuments and stone buildings with copper-tiled roofs. The Centre Block is home to the Senate, the House of Commons and the Library. The Library of Parliament preserves and protects Canada’s legislative past. It ensures that senators and members of Parliament have immediate access F ______ on all matters of parliamentary concern. However, the Library is more than a collection of books alone; it contributes to Canadian democracy by creating and delivering reliable and relevant information to and about Parliament.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12—18, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Robb Wilier: gossip is good for you

Robb Wilier is an assistant professor of sociology at the University of California. Berkeley. He recently co-authored a paper called The Virtues of Gossip: Reputational Information Sharing as Prosocial Behaviour, which was published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. His research has proved that some kinds of gossip are altruistic and beneficial to society. No matter how fundamental his research is, many people find it difficult to accept such an opinion.

Research has been going on for several years about the ways in which fears for reputation encourage people to behave. This led to get interested in gossip because gossip involves spreading reputational information about people in groups. More specifically, the authors were interested in an apparent tension between the bad reputation gossiping and gossipers have, but how there’s a lot of ways gossip has useful social functions.

In the first study, they attached participants to heart-rate monitors and monitored their emotional reactions to events they observed in the lab. One thing they observed was people doing economic exercises based on trust. The researchers arranged so they would observe someone behaving in unthrustworthy way repeatedly; then the participants would have a chance to warn someone else they thought would have to interact with that person next.

People very readly warned the next person, passing on socially useful information to them. But what was more interesting was the emotional register of the behaviour. As people saw a person behave in an untrustworthy way, they became frustrated and their heart rate increased. But when they had the opportunity to pass a warning on, that reduced or eliminated their frustration and also tempered their increased heart rate. It is prosocial gossip that involves warning other people about untrustworthy others. It is pretty common, onerous people are more likely to engage in it and they report doing so out of a need to help others. It is very different from malicious gossip, which might be driven by a desire to spoil another s reputation or advance oneself.

So why does gossip have such a bad reputation? This research has just sharpened that question. Why would it be that gossip, which we need to function socially in order to keep people behaving a bit better than they might otherwise, has a negative reputation? It could be that we don’t need gossip to have a positive reputation for people to do it. Even the people who pass judgment on gossipers are gossiping as they do so. It may be that socially we’re wired to gossip. Evolutionary theorists have argued that language evolved in part to facilitate gossip, so we’ve developed these social norms against excessive or malicious gossip to keep the system from getting out of hand. News in a lot of ways is dignified gossip. A broad definition of gossip would include the news. I wonder how many journalists would agree with or share such interpretation of news and their role in a society?

It s very important that we discriminate between different kinds of gossip and the people who do it. The kind where you warn people about untrustworthy others is valid, so we shouldn’t feel bad about that.

Which of the following statements does NOT refer to the content of paragraph 2?

1. Gossipers have a bad reputation.

2. Society may benefit from gossip.

3. Gossip can ruin one’s reputation.

4. People in groups favour gossip.

The participants of the study observed …

1. people in danger.

2. groups of economists.

3. trustworthy people.

4. examples of dishonest behavior.

Ability to pass on socially useful information made people

1. relaxed.

2. frustrated.

3. excited.

4. more confident.

“It” in ‘people are more likely to engage in it’ (paragraph 5) refers to

1. socially useful gossip.

2. malicious rumours.

3. a person’s reputation.

4. helping other people.

In what way did the research refer to the reason for gossip’s bad reputation?

1. It related it to language development.

2. It connected it to people’s behaviour.

3. It made the question more acute.

4. It proved that it couldn’t be explained.

The researchers see news as …

1. opposite to gossip.

2. a kind of gossip.

3. an origin of gossip.

4. an outcome of gossip.

According to the author, what is important about gossip?

1. Not to pass it to untrustworthy people.

2. To see differences between kinds of gossip.

3. To try to feel good when you hear it.

4. To avoid people who do it.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика

Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные жирными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19—25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Перенесите полученный ответ в соответствующее поле справа. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19 — 25. Ответ пишите без пробелов и иных знаков.

Why do people decorate a tree on Christmas?

OLD Have you ever thought about it? The custom of decorating a house with tree leaves or branches in December is actually ______ than Christmas itself.

CALLThe ancient Romans celebrated a December feast, ______ Saturnalia, by giving presents and decorating their houses.

TEACH At the same time, pagans in Germany worshipped a sacred oak tree. Then, when Christian missionaries _______ them to celebrate Christmas, they used a fir tree.

BRINGThese customs stayed alive in Germany for many centuries, and in 1840, they _____ to England by a German prince.

Mothers and daughters

DOWe are a family of three. Most of the cooking in our house ____ by my husband, but sometimes I make dinner.

NOT OFFEROne day it dawned on me that our four-year-old daughter was willing to help me, but she _____ to help her father. I asked her why.

DO“Well, Mom,” she said, “Dad seems to know what he _______ in the kitchen.»

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные жирными буквам в конце строк 26—31, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните соответствующее поле справа полученными словами. Каждое поле соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26—31.

The history of paper

PRACTICEWriting has been the center of civilization for centuries. Most of our important records are on paper. In fact, putting thoughts down in written form wasn’t always easy or ______ .

DRAWEarly people discovered that they could make simple _______ the walls of caves.

FORTUNATE______ , they couldn’t transport it.

COMMUNICATEAround 4000 B.C., people started scratching messages into heavy clay tablets. Although this form of written _____ was now portable, it still was very heavy.

IMAGINEFor centuries, people tried to discover better surfaces on which to record their thoughts. Almost everything _______ was tried. Wood, stone, ceramics, cloth, bark, metal, silk, bamboo, and tree leaves were all used as a writing surface at one time or another.

INVENTNo major changes in writing materials were to come for about 3,000 years. A Chinese man named Ts’ai Lun Ts’ai Lun, discovered a way to make paper. The importance of this _____ is hard to overestimate.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32 — 38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32 — 38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.

Hamilton

Sefton Hamilton was not a very nice man. The first time I met him was last year, when my wife and I were dining with Henry and Susan Kennedy at their home in Warwick Square. I didn’t like Hamilton at first 32 ____ .

Hamilton was one of those unfortunate men who inherited immense wealth but not a lot more. He was able to convince us that he had little time to read and no time to attend the theatre or opera. Actually, he was not 33 ____ in anything but himself. 34 ____, this did not prevent him from holding opinions on every subject from Shaw to Pavarotti, from Gorbachev to Picasso. He couldn’t understand, for instance, why the unemployed were so unhappy when their welfare check was just a little less than what he was currently paying the workers on his estate.

The other dinner guest that night was Freddie Barker, the President of the Wine Society, who sat opposite my wife. Unlike Hamilton, he 35 ____ uttered a word. Henry had assured me over the phone that Barker was considered to be a leading authority on his subject and he had 36 ____ to get the Society back on to a proper financial footing. I looked forward to picking up useful bits of inside information. 37 ____ Barker was allowed to get a word in, he showed enough knowledge of the topic under discussion to convince me that he would be fascinating if only Hamilton would 38 ____ silent long enough for him to speak. But it was impossible to stop Hamilton.

involved

keen

fond

interested

Although

However

Otherwise

Therefore

merely

nearly

hardly

closely

suceeded

managed

achieved

fulfilled

Whenever

Wherever

Whoever

Whatever

resist

retain

remain

reserve

Раздел 4. Письмо

При выполнении заданий 39 и 40 особое внимание обратите на то, что Ваши ответы будут оцениваться только по записям, сделанным в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ. Никакие записи черновика не будут учитываться экспертом. Обратите внимание также на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются.

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Nora:

From: [email protected]

To: [email protected]

Subject: Welcome

… My mom says I have too many dreams. What kind of dreams do you have? What personal qualities do you need to realise your wishes? Do you tell anyone about your dreams, why yes or no? Last weekend my elder brother went hiking …

Write an email to Nora.

In your message:

— answer his questions;

— ask 3 questions about her elder brother;

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

40.1. Imagine that you are doing a project on why people keep pets in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below). Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2-3 facts;

– make 1-2 comparisons where relevant;

– outline a problem that can arise with keeping pets and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving your opinion on the role of pets in our life.

40.2. Imagine that you are doing a project on why people do sports in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below). Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200–250 words.

Use the following plan:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

– select and report 2-3 facts;

– make 1-2 comparisons where relevant;

– outline a problem that can arise with doing sports and suggest a way of solving it;

– conclude by giving your opinion on the importance of doing sports.

Раздел 5. Говорение

Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it.

Astronomy is the study of the universe and everything in it. This includes stars, planets and galaxies as well as other things. The word astronomy comes from two Greek words. The first means star and the second means law. A person who studies astronomy is called an astronomer.

Astronomy is one of the oldest sciences. Ancient people used the positions of the stars to navigate, and to find when was the best time to plant crops. Astronomy is very similar to astrophysics. Since the 20th century there have been two main types of astronomy, observational and theoretical astronomy. Observational astronomy uses telescopes and cameras to look at stars, galaxies and other astronomical objects. Theoretical astronomy uses maths and computer models to predict what should happen. The two often work together, the theoretical predicts what should happen and the observational shows whether the prediction works.

Study the advertisement.

You are considering buying a TV and you’d like to get more information. In 1.5 minutes you are to ask four direct questions to find out the following:

if they have new useful functions
if the TV has Wi-Fi access
advantages of the device over the others
price

You have 20 seconds to ask each questions.

Показать ответ

1. Does the TV have any new useful functions?

2. Has TV got Wi-Fi access?

3. What are the advantages of the device over the others?

4. What is the price of the TV?

You are going to give an interview. You have to answer five questions. Give full answers to the questions (2−3 sentences). Remember that you have 40 seconds to answer each question.

Interviewer: Hello everybody! It’s Teenagers Round the World Channel. Our guest today is a teenager from Russia and we are going to discuss cities. We’d like to know our guest’s point of view on this issue. Please answer five questions. So, let’s get started.

Interviewer: What region of Russia do you live in? Is it an urban area?