What book genres are popular among teenagers егэ

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Источник: Демонстрационная версия ЕГЭ—2022 по английскому языку

Задание 38 в письменной части ЕГЭ занудно называется “развёрнутое письменное высказывание с элементами рассуждения на основе таблицы/диаграммы” и является заданием повышенного уровня сложности (B2). Но я его дальше буду именовать просто “проект”. Не таблицы и не графики, и с Writing task 1 на IELTS это задание почти не имеет общего. Period

Вот как эта тварь будет выглядеть на экзамене:

или

Да, или-или. Потому что ученику нужно будет выбрать, какое задание он захочет делать, и написать перед описанием проекта соответствующую цифру в бланке – 38.1 или 38.2.

Проект – задание вкусное, потому что может принести 14 баллов на экзамене. И если письмо (задание 37) рекомендую писать сразу на чистовик, чтобы сэкономить время, то проект лучше распланировать и написать сначала на черновик, а потом перенести в бланк ответов.

Рекомендуемое время написания задания 38 на экзамене – 60 минут.

Если хотите научиться писать это задание на максимум, или чтобы ваши ученики смогли это сделать, – покупайте книгу по графикам, где подробны расписаны все этапы правильного написания этого задания!

Критерии оценивания

Чтобы понять, как писать нужно, ознакомимся с критериями оценивания задания 38 с сайта ФИПИ.

Разберем подробнее.

Решение коммуникативной задачи

По критерию “решение коммуникативной задачи” можно максимум получить 3 балла. Расшифрую, за что их дают:

• Проект написано в соответствии с темой
• Проект написан по плану
• Все пункты из таблицы указаны в работе
• В нём достаточно слов
• Стиль нейтральный

Количество слов, необходимое для получения максимального балла, указано в самом задании – “Write 200-250 words”. Допустимо отклонение от заданного объема на 10%. То есть, можно написать от 180 до 275 слов. Если напишите меньше 180 слов, задание проверять не будут – эксперт поставит 0 за решение коммуникативной задачи, а 0 за этот пункт означает 0 за все задание 38. И довольный учитель проверяет на 1 сочинение меньше. А если ученик превысит порог в 275 слов, эксперт отчеркнет 250-е слово и дальше просто проверять не будет. То есть, если за 250 словами остались контраргументы или заключение, они просто не будут засчитаны и максимум за этот критерий вам не видать.

Про критерии подсчета слов. При определении соответствия объёма представленной работы вышеуказанным требованиям считаются все слова, с первого слова по последнее, включая вспомогательные глаголы, предлоги, артикли, частицы. При этом:
 числительные, выраженные цифрами, т.е. 1, 25, 2009, 126 204 и т.п., считаются как одно слово;
 числительные, выраженные цифрами, вместе с условным обозначением процентов, т.е. 25%, 100% и т.п., считаются как одно слово;
 числительные, выраженные словами, считаются как слова;
 сложные слова, такие как good-looking, well-bred, English-speaking, twenty-five, считаются как одно слово;
 сокращения, например USA, e-mail, TV, CD-rom, считаются как одно слово.

Нейтральный стиль соблюден, если в задании 38 нет сокращений (I’m sure/ doesn’t matter/ wasn’t stated) и разговорной лексики (it is stupid to think so/ this opinion sucks/ the people wearing such clothes are mad). Нельзя писать риторические вопросы и фразы типа “Let’s consider … “, потому что ФИПИ относит их к разговорному стилю.

Организация текста

Максимум по этому критерию – также 3 балла. Их можно получить если:

• проект правильно разделен на абзацы
• написано логично и присутствуют средства логической связи

Понятно, что нужно писать столько абзацев, сколько есть в плане (пять!) и каждый должен передавать мыслю, соответствующую пункту плана.

Ниже подробнее о том, что нужно писать в этих пяти абзацах и какие клише там использовать.

Вступление (параграф №1)

“Правильное” вступление состоит из 2-3 предложений и знакомит нас с проблемой, указанной в самом задании. Например, в примере нашего задания написано “what book genres are popular among teenagers”. Значит, нам нужно или вставить эту фразу в наш проект, или заменить там что-то на синонимы. Так же нужно упомянуть, что вы делаете проект, нашли материалы к нему и сейчас про это будете рассказывать. Вот, какое вступление получилось у меня:

It is hard to deny the importance of having a good rest. I have decided to do a project on how teenagers in Zetland relax after a busy day and found the results of opinion polls which you can find in the table. 

Жирным выделены фразы, которые можно таскать из сочинения в сочинение.

Еще клише для этого абзаца:

• It is well known that (topic)
• Nowadays more and more people (action connected with the topic)
• Over the last few decades there has been a significant increase in the number of people who (do something connected with the topic).
• (Topic) plays an important role in our life
• Undoubtedly, all people (action connected with the topic)
• Nowadays it is impossible to imagine … without …

Основные фичи графика (параграф №2)

В плане сочинения во втором абзаце ученику предлагается высказать указать 2-3 главных факта из таблицы/графика или что там нам нужно проанализировать. Я бы остановилась на двух фактах, потому что когда пробовала написать это письменное задание, у меня с двумя фактами вышло 260 слов. Третий бы мог меня вывезти за лимит возможных слов. Но вы можете упомянуть и 3 главных факта, главное – уложиться в необходимое количество слов.

На самом деле, этот абзац написать совсем не сложно – выбираете что угодно, что вам нравится в таблице и записываете английскими словами. Ничего сравнивать здесь не надо.

Вот то, что у меня получилось:

As we can see from the table, 38% of respondents prefer doing a hobby after a busy day, while eating tasty food is the least popular way of spending teenagers’ free time with only 6 % of teenagers doing it. Also, adolescents can spend time with their friends, sleep and walk in the open air to have a rest after a tiring day.

Клише:

• the main features of this table/graph/pie chart …
• one can see from the poll that …
• the most popular … the least popular …
• if we look at the graph/table/pie chart, we can see …
• looking at the main features …
• what stands out from the table/graph/ pie chart …
• another striking feature is …

Сравнения (параграф №3)

В 3 абзаце нужно проанализировать данные из графика и представить 1-2 сравнения и свои комментарии к ним. Можно и 1, можно и 2 – все зависит от ваших идей и количества написанных слов.

НЕТ СВЯЗИ между тем, сколько вы фактов выделяли во 2-м абзаце и количеством сравнений в 3-м. Можно делать по-разному, главное – вписаться в план и лимит слов.

Сравниваем ЛЮБЫЕ черты, которые вам понравились в графике. Вот что получилось у меня:

Looking at the figures in the table, we can see that spending time with friends (noted by 31% of respondents) is almost twice as popular as sleeping, which stands at 15%, and almost three times more popular than walking in the open air (noted by 10 % of respondents). It is not surprising as teenagers need communication to develop their personality.

Тут, как и во втором параграфе, нет единственно правильного ответа. Пишите про то, что вам кажется логичным.

Сюда отлично впишутся разные сравнительные структуры: 

• in comparison/ in contrast, …
• on the other hand …/ However, … / Likewise, …
• not as … as
• more popular … than
• while/ whereas / although / but

И фразы для комментариев:

• , which is not surprising as …
• This can be explained by the fact that …
• The main reason for that might be the fact that …

Проблема + решение (параграф №4)

Эта часть письменного задания будет самой объемной, потому что нужно указать проблему, связанную с темой проекта, и предложить её решение. Это может быть ЛЮБАЯ проблема по теме задания. В нашем примере она не обязательна связана именно с подростками, главное – она должна быть про чтение.

Кстати, об этом говорит сама Вербицкая вот здесь (около 26 минуты в видео).

Еще раз подчеркну, что нужно указать и ПРОБЛЕМУ, И РЕШЕНИЕ. На всякий случай.

Мой вариант:

Although we see that there are several ways to relax for teenagers, there is a problem connected with having a rest. Sometimes it is difficult to switch off from your studies and work, and instead of relaxing you spend time thinking about what else you have to do later. I believe that the best solution to this problem would be going out as fresh air and change of scenery can help to forget about things that keep bothering you at home.

Клише для абзаца:

• the main problem with … is …
• the main problem faced by … is …
• the foremost problem here is …
• general solutions centre around …
• one effective solution to deal with … is …
• a solution that can prove successful is …

Заключение + мнение (параграф №5)

В конце выстраданного письменного задания нужно написать свое мнение по теме проекта.

I would like to conclude by saying that relaxing is of primary importance for every person as it helps one to have a calmer and clearer mind which aids memory, positive thinking and concentration.

Выражения для подведения итогов:

• To conclude/ sum up/ summarise
• Overall …
• In conclusion …

Клише для выражения своего мнения:

• I believe that … because …
• I am convinced that … as …
• I strongly believe that …
• Personally, I think that …
• In my opnion, …
• In my view, …

Лексические ошибки

Давайте разберем, какие ошибки носят гордое название “Лексические”. Это:

• неправильно употребленное слово в контексте (I would not speak so вместо I would not say so)
• ошибка в сочетаемости (make homework вместо do homework)
• пропуск слова, если он не влияет на грамматическую структуру предложения (My parents are very well familiar (пропущен предлог with) the topic)
• ошибки в словообразовании, если часть речи не меняется (например, unresponsible вместо irresponsible)
• ошибка в фразовом глаголе (give in smoking вместо give up smoking)
• орфографическая ошибка, которая меняет значение слова (thing вместо think, whether вместо weather)

Но нужно не только не допустить ошибки, нужно помнить, что лексика должна соответствовать поставленной задаче. То есть, если проект про еду – должны употребляются всякие синонимы и выражения по теме “еда”.

Грамматические ошибки

Эксперт при проверке задания 38 присваивает вашей ошибке статус “грамматической”, если она:

• в любой грамматической форме, будь то форма глагола, множественного числа сущ., степени сравнения и в любой теме из раздела “Грамматические темы” кодификатора
• в порядке слов в предложении (например, I do not know what are they thinking about. – Во второй части предложения обратный порядок слов, хотя знака вопроса не стоит)
• есть пропуск слова, влияющий на структуру предложения (например, These people wrong. – Отсутствует глагол-связка “are”)
• в словообразовании, если меняется часть речи (например, хотели написать “политик” (politician), а написали politic (политический)

В сочинении приветствуются сложные структуры, модальные глаголы, обороты с пассивом/ инфинитивом/ причастиями, условные предложения, главное – не перестараться и ‘не писать все красивое сразу”, в ущерб смыслу.

Орфографические и пунктуационные ошибки

В сочинении орфографическими ошибками считаются:

• Все ошибки, не меняющие значения слова (например, collegue, becouse, languaege)
  (Если ошибка меняет значение слова, она становится лексической – например, thing вместо think, whether вместо weather)
• Если слово в работе написано один раз правильно, а остальные – неправильно, это считается ошибкой
• Если буква или слово написаны неразборчиво, слово считается написанным неверно

Во всей письменной части экзамена ученик может выбрать либо британский, либо американский вариант написания слова – favourite/ favorite, colour/ color, drugstore/ pharmacy, crisps/ chips. И придерживаться выбранного варианта до конца. То есть, если в одном предложении написано colour, а в другом – favorite, такая вариативность будет записана в число ошибок.

Теперь про пунктуацию. Забудьте про сокращения  (don’t/wouldn’t/mustn’t) – они отнимут у вас баллы. Их можно и нужно писать в электронном письме другу (задание 39), но не в сочинении.

Если ученик напишет какие-то слова в работе неразборчиво, и эксперт не сможет понять, что же там написано –  поставят ошибку в написании слова.

Образец

План написания проекта представлен в самом задании:

– make an opening statement on the subject of the project work;
– select and report 2-3 main features;
– make 1-2 comparisons where relevant and give comments;
– outline a problem that can arise with having a rest and suggest the way of solving it;
– draw a conclusion giving your personal opinion on the importance of relaxing well in our lives.

Приведу пример ответа на задание 38.1 из демоверсии:

It is hard to deny the importance of having a good rest. I have decided to do a project on how teenagers in Zetland relax after a busy day and found the results of opinion polls which you can find in the table. 

As we can see from the table, 38% of respondents prefer doing a hobby after a busy day, while eating tasty food is the least popular way of relaxing with only 6 % of teenagers doing it. Also, adolescents spend time with their friends, sleep and walk in the open air to have a rest after a tiring day.

Looking at the figures in the table, we can see that spending time with friends (noted by 31% of respondents) is almost twice as popular as sleeping, which stands at 15%, and almost three times more popular than walking in the open air (noted by 10 % of respondents). It is not surprising as teenagers need communication to develop their personality.

Although we see that there are several ways to relax for teenagers, there is a problem connected with having a rest. Sometimes it is difficult to switch off from studies and work and instead of relaxing you spend time thinking about what else you have to do. I believe that the best solution to this problem would be going out as fresh air and change of scenery can help to forget about things that keep bothering you at home.

I would like to conclude by saying that relaxing is of primary importance for every person as it helps one to have a calmer and clearer mind which aids memory, positive thinking and concentration.

(275 слов)

Жирным в тексте выделены фразы, которые можно запомнить и таскать из проекта в проект.

Алгоритм написания

1. Отводите 60 минут на это задание.
2. Просмотрите оба проекта и решите, какой из них понятнее и легче описать.
3. Читайте тему проекта и набрасываете в двух словах, что вы скажете на каждый пункт плана. После того, как набросали, проверяете всё и убеждаетесь, что все написанное СООТВЕТСТВУЕТ ТЕМЕ ПРОЕКТА.
4. Напишите проект на черновик. Если у вас осталось мало времени – пишите сразу на чистовик.
5. Проверьте ошибки. Здесь советую вспомнить свои типичные “ляпы” и проверить работу на них.
6. Перепишите на чистовик. Проверьте ошибки, проверьте, что написали номер задания (38.1 или 38.2) в начале.

P.S. – Если вы читаете задание на экзамене и понимаете, что не знаете какое-то слово в теме, не паникуйте! Успокойтесь и попробуйте угадать, как это слово может переводиться.

Готовиться к заданию 38 я бы советовала, когда уровень ученика соответствует хотя бы B1 (идеально – B2, потому что он заявлен как ключ к успеху на ЕГЭ).

И ещё

Оставлю здесь схему оценивания проекта, которой пользуется эксперт при проверке.

Её полезно показать ученику при подготовке и вместе заполнять, оценивая по ней сначала написанные вами (или другими учениками) проекты, а потом проект самого учащегося.

При написании статьи использовались материалы с сайта fipi.ru – самого достоверного источника для подготовки к ОГЭ и ЕГЭ. Все, что вы будете читать на других сайтах, может содержать неправильную информацию – будьте аккуратны!

Если хотите научиться писать это задание на максимум, или чтобы ваши ученики смогли это сделать, – покупайте книгу по графикам, где подробны расписаны все этапы правильного написания этого задания!

P.S. Про разделы и стратегии выполнения заданий ЕГЭ можно почитать статьи:

Аудирование или задания 1 — 9
Чтение или задания 10 — 18
Грамматика или задания 19 — 25
Словообразование или задания 26 — 31
Лексика или задания 32-38
Личное письмо или задание 39
Проект или задание 40
Устная часть. Задание 1
Устная часть, Задание 2
Устная часть, Задание 3
Устная часть, Задание 4

ELTgram от Ирины Кузнецовой

what book genres are popular among teenagers in Zetland

Показать текст целиком

Nowadays it is impossible to imagine our lives without reading books because it helps us to develop our imagination and helps to improve speech. While working on the project on what book genres are popular among teenagers in Zetland I have found some data and I would like to analyze it, describe a problem connected with the topic and express my opinion on its importance.
            Looking at the main features of the table, I must say that most popular is adventure genre (55.5% of respondents). Another striking feature is that the least popular genre romance (17.6% of respondents).
            Turning to details, it can be seen that teenagers prefer reading detective/ war/spy stories its is 55.4% of respondents, while only 27.2%

✅ 55 сочинений по литературе от эксперта

✅ Подготовка к ЕГЭ по литературе для ленивых

40. 1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what book genres are popular among teenagers in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data n the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Write 200-250 words

Вступление

1. Общее предложение по теме проекта (teenage reading preferences) или по общей теме (reading).

! Нельзя писать здесь про важность/роль чтения, так как это спрашивается в 5 параграфе.

1. Готовлю проект по теме…
2. Нашел статистику по теме проекта
3. В эссе я собираюсь..

Teenagers= 13-19 year olds= teenage boys and girls= teenage readers*

Respondents // Those surveyed // Book lovers

It’s no secret that different age groups have different reading preferences. This project I am working on is aimed at establishing what book genres are popular among 13-19 year olds in Zetland. I have found some data on this issue and organized it in a table. In this essay I am going to analyse my findings.

Para 2

Пишем о первых двух показателях и о последнем.

55 percent of teenagers= more than half of teenagers=the majority of teenagers

As can be seen from the table, the majority of the respondents cited adventure stories as their preferred book genre, making this kind of books most popular with Zetland’s teenagers. Adventure fiction is very closely followed by detective, war and spy stories, which are also liked by more than half of teenage readers. Another key feature is that less than a fifth of the surveyed teenagers reported enjoying reading romances, putting this genre at the bottom of the table.

Para 3

Сравниваем 3й показатель с ранее данными показателями. Сравниваем 4й показатель.

The table also shows that sports stories, enjoyed by 49 percent of teenage boys and girls, are just slightly less popular than the first two most read genres. By contrast, animal stories with 27 percent are only half as popular as the two reading genres.

Para 4

Фраза-связка, проблема, решение.

While many teenagers cannot imagine their lives without books, there is an important problem associated with reading. It is known that prolonged reading can lead to eye strain and headaches. Fortunately, book lovers can effectively deal with this issue by taking regular breaks from reading and giving their eyes some rest.

Заключение

Фраза-связка, мое мнение.

In conclusion, although avid young readers can face some problems, I am convinced that reading is of crucial importance for every teenager.

ЕГЭ – 2022. Английский язык.

Советы по выполнению задания 40

Задание

План эссе

 1 абзац                                      

ЧТО:

ü
дать понять, о чем ваш
письменный ответ +

ü
упомянуть проект и указать
тему проекта +

ü
подчеркнуть ее важность/
актуальность +/-

ü
упомянуть данные из
таблицы/ диаграммы +

ü
обозначить цель проекта +/-

КАК:

1. Общая фраза по общей теме
(reading).  

2. Важность конкретной темы (what book genres are popular among teenagers). 

3. Подготовка проекта по этой теме. 

4. Таблица со статистикой.

5. Намерение прокомментировать и высказать
свое мнение.

1 способ

Reading is an
important part of education and
if parents and teachers want to encourage teenagers to read, they need to know
what kinds of books most appeal to young people. My project,
which I am still working on, is aimed at finding out what book genres are popular with
teenage boys and girls. I have found some data on this issue / on
the subject about…. The
statistics are in the chart/ table and I will analyze them in this essay.

2 способ

 Recent studies show that … (актуальность, тренды).
While doing my own
project on… (тема проекта), I found some (relevant) data (that illustrate what… / how… (тема проекта)), and in this essay I am going to analyze this data and
express my opinion on … / present my conclusions.

3 способ

 … has been
the subject of numerous studies over the last few decades. As part of my own project on (an important topic of) (тема проекта),
I have found some
relevant data and come across quite interesting / surprising findings. In this essay I am going to analyze the statistics
and express my opinion on…

4 способ

Many people believe that… (общепринятое/спорное утверждение, связанное с темой проекта).
The aim of the
project I am currently doing (или working
on) is to find out more about it. As part of my project, I have found  some data on this issue, and in this essay I am going to analyze
this data and express my opinion on … / present my conclusions.

 5 способ

Recently our
class was tasked with a project on …  In order to complete the project I have found some data on the subject about … The statistics
are in the chart and I will
analyze them in this essay.

6 способ

Social
networks have become an integral
part of our life. People seem to spend more and more time
surfing Facebook, Instagram and other social media pages. The current project focuses on…

7 способ:

Many people believe
that teenagers are no longer interested in reading. The aim of the project
I am currently doing или (working on) is to find
out more about it. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some data on what literary
genres are popular with teenagers living in Zetland.

8 способ:

Undoubtedly, reading plays an important role in
everyone’s life. Doing a

project about reading I found  some data on teenagers’ favourite book
genres. I
am going to comment on several key features of the results of the poll. Или In this project I am
going to outline several key features of the results of the poll.

9 способ

Nowadays almost everyone has a smartphone. Doing a project about smartphones I have found some data on how people use their
smartphones. I am going to comment on several key features of the results
of the poll. Или In this project I am going to outline several key
features of the results of the poll.

Полезные фразы

● Nowadays more and more people understand that… – В настоящее время всё больше людей понимают, что…

● It is widely known that… — Широко известно, что…

● It is well known that… — Хорошо известно, что…

● There is no doubt that… — Несомненно, что…

● It goes without saying that… — Само собой разумеется, что…

·    
… has
always had a great impact on every aspect of people’s lives.

·    
…is
extremely important as it defines…- чрезвычайно важен, поскольку он определяет…

·    
…is
absolutely vital in…(for…) — абсолютно жизненно важен в…

·    
…is /
are an important part of…

·    
…is
/are a great threat to (both) …, as…

·    
…is 
an important way  for… to…

·    
…is /
are a result of … and can lead to…

·    
…is
essential for almost every activity

·    
…in
recent years (в последние годы ) / …in the last six decades (за последние шесть лет)

·    
 

● The findings from the study touch on a question of… — Выводы, сделанные на основе изученных данных, касаются вопроса…

● Undoubtedly, … plays an important role in everyone’s
life. — Несомненно, … играет важную роль в жизни каждого человека.

Nowadays almost everyone… — В настоящее время
почти каждый… / В настоящее время почти у каждого…

● While doing a project on…, I have found several opinion
polls showing how… — Выполняя проектную работу по…, я нашёл опросы мнений, демонстрирующие, как…

● While doing a project on…, I have found some data showing…
— Выполняя проектную работу по…, я нашёл данные о том, …

•        While doing a project about… I found some data on
this issue / on the subject about… and organized it in the table / graph /
chart below. — Выполняя проектную работу по…, я нашёл данные по этому вопросу
/ на тему … и представил их в виде таблицы / графика / диаграммы ниже.

•        My project, which I am still working on, is aimed at
analyzing … / at finding out how / what / when…

•        I have found some data that illustrates… — Я нашёл
некоторые данные,

● I am going to comment on several key features of the
results of the poll. — Я собираюсь прокомментировать несколько ключевых фактов из результатов опроса.

● I am going to comment on the data and express my opinion /
point of view.— Я собираюсь прокомментировать данные и выразить своё мнение / свою
точку зрения.

·         
I
have found some data that illustrates… — Я нашёл некоторые данные, иллюстрирующие…

2 абзац                  

ЧТО:

ü сгруппировать данные = выделить  2-3
группы :

1) максимум

2) среднее
значение

3) минимум

самый
популярный – средний по популярности – наименее популярный;

ü назвать и описать эти 2-3 черты в общем
виде;

1 ПРИМЕР:

According to the data, teenagers in
Zetland have quite a wide range of tastes when
it comes to genres of literature. 1) The vast majority of the
respondents enjoy reading adventure and detective stories as well as
books about war and spies. 2) Sports stories are also quite popular with
teenage readers in Zetland, 3) whereas romantic novels appear to be
the least popular book genre.

2 пример:

From
the table of data, the most significant items are as follows. In the first
section 81% of the students regularly read academic books» while
44% regularly read academic journals. Nothing else is read regularly or often
by 40% or more of the students. The following comments can be made about
the reading of newspapers, magazines and fiction. 75% sometimes read regional
or local newspapers, 69% sometimes read books of fiction, 62% sometimes read
general magazines, and 56% sometimes read national daily newspapers. On the
other hand, 37% never read Sunday newspapers and 31% never read fiction. In
the second section, not surprisingly, 100% read news about their own
country in newspapers and 56% read this first. 94% read international news,

25% read this
first. 81% read about Britain and look at radio and TV informa­tion. The
only other item that is usually read by more than 50% of the students is current
affairs (read by 56%).

3 пример:

Looking at the details, the most popular book genre is adventure with
55,4% reading this type of literature which means that teenagers are
keen on dynamic plots and unexpected twists. On the contrary, the
least popular genre is romance as a little bit less than a
fifth of teenagers read it.

4 пример

As we can see, most people use their smartphones to send and receive
emails and to make phone calls – 79% and 78% respectively. On
the contrary, the least popular purpose for using smartphones is
paying for purchases, which is quite surprising given that more and more
people prefer mobile payment services like Apple Pay to credit cards and cash.

5 пример:

According to the data, the
majority of teenagers in Zetland
choose to spend their free time surfing the Internet and playing computer games
(32% and 29% respectively). Watching films and listening to music are
in the third place with 19%.

6 пример:

To begin with, one of the
most prominent features of the data provided in the chart is that the most frequently visited network is Facebook, which
is followed by YouTube. The figures are 63% and 61% respectively. Meanwhile,
the least popular choice is Snapchat which stands at 13 %.

7 пример:

I can identify
two main features of the statistics presented in the table.  The first one
is that the majority of
teenagers cited adventure stories as their favourite book genre, making this
kind of books most popular among young people. And the second key feature is
that only 17.6 per cent of teenagers reported enjoying reading romances,
putting this genre at the bottom of the table.

Полезные фразы

As can be
seen/ It’s obvious
that, + the diagram shows/ illustrates/ demonstrates/reflects
+ a gradual /insignificant / constant / moderate / slight / minor + fall / decrease
/decline /increase/ growth/  of… computer usage from 1984 to 2016.

…79% and 78% respectively. —
…79% and 78% соответственно.

… is half as popular as reading… — … в два раза менее популярнее чем…

… which is quite surprising given that… — …, что довольно удивительно, учитывая, что…

… which stands at… /
amounts to…/ totals… 13 %. — что составляет 13%.

…with a little bit less than a fifth… — и чуть меньше, чем одна пятая
часть…

 A close second genre in popularity is…

According to the data in the table /
chart, the most popular… with 55,4%… — Согласно данным в таблице / диаграмме, самый популярный…, так как 55,4%…

Another important fact is that… — Ещё один важный факт — …

As can be seen in the
chart / table, most people… — Как видно из диаграммы / таблицы, большинство людей…

As we can see, most
people… — Как мы видим, большинство людей…

At first glance, it can
be seen that … — На первый взгляд видно, что…

By contrast, the least
favoured… — Напротив, наименее популярный…

I can
identify two main features of the statistics presented in the table. The first
one is that… And the second key feature is that…

It is also clear that the
least popular purpose… — Также очевидно, что наименее популярная цель…

It is noticeable that a (large) proportion of… — Легко заметить, что (огромная) часть…

Looking at the details,
the most popular… with 55,4%… — Согласно данным, самый популярный…, так как 55,4%…

On the contrary, the
least popular… — Напротив, наименее популярный…

Overall, … — В
общем и целом, …

The information given
shows that the most popular… is…, while the least popular is…

The
majority / minority / a significant percentage / a large proportion/ a small
proportion / a very small number + of those interviewed / consumers / people surveyed /
respondents / of those who responded to the survey/ of the people asked  +
were of the opinion…/ believed that…/ reported that /
preferred / chose…./ expressed (dis)approval that… / wished to have… / wanted…/
expressed interest in…/ responded positively to the idea of…/ thought that…/ noticed…/ highlighted…/ emphasized…/ mentioned…/
cited…

The table / chart reveals
that the most … is… — Таблица / диаграмма показывает, что

This fact suggests /
indicates that …

What immediately stands
out is that… — Что сразу выделяется, так это то, что…

The percentage
of girls attending the
English training course was similar to that of
boys in 2002.

The number of students in Spanish Department is the same as that in Chinese Department.

The number of students in grade 1 is twice/three times + as many/much as (higher/ more/greater than) the number of students
in grade 2.

Vocabulary for
the General Trend Part:

3 абзац           

ЧТО:

ü сравнить данные  между собой;

ü детализировать: добавить проценты (количество);
(качественно охарактеризовать)

КАК:

насколько больше/меньше;

значительная / несущественная разница
между … и … ;

ожидаемое/неожиданное и т.п.

Фразы
для сравнения данных:

• …79% and 78% respectively — …79 и 78 процентов соответственно.

• …a little bit less than a fifth. — …немного меньше, чем одна пятая.

• …and it is
10 percent more popular than…
— …и это на 10% популярнее, чем…

• …are almost as popular as — …практически так же популярны, как…

• …which is
around twice as many as the figure for — …и это примерно в 2раза больше, чем
число…

• … appear / appears to be loved more than … — оказываются / оказывается более популярным, чем…

• … appear / appears to be more popular than … — оказываются
/ оказывается более популярным, чем…

• … is the most preferred with a sizeable majority (reading)
– Самая предпочтительная, с
явным большинством

• … the
difference between them is 0,1 percentage points. — …разница между ними всего 0,1 процентных пунктов.

• …is only slightly lower than…

• A tiny fraction more/less popular – Ненамного более / менее популярна…

• According to the data in the table, … — Согласно данным в
таблице, …

• Another factor worth mentioning is…

• Another important thing to mention is that… — Ещё одна
важная деталь —…

• Around twice as popular as … —
более чем вполовину более популярен, чем

• As compared to… — по
сравнению с …

• Based on the chart, it can be inferred that… — После изучения данных в диаграмме,
можно сделать вывод о том, что…

• Both genres are… — Оба жанра…

• Further analysis of the table / chart reveals that… —
Дальнейший анализ таблицы / диаграммы показывает, что…

• In regard to…, the figures stand at % — Что касается…,
цифра достигла… процента

• It can be concluded from the given information that… — Из
имеющейся информации мы можем сделать вывод, что…

• It demonstrates that most people are aimed at… rather than…
— Это показывает, что
большинство людей нацелены на…

• It is also worth mentioning that…

• It is apparent / notable that …

• It is interesting that the most favoured is twice as popular as the least preferred one:…against…

• Looking at the information in more detail, we can see that…
— Изучив

• Looking more closely at the table, we can note that… —
Изучив таблицу более внимательно, мы можем отметить,
что…

• The difference between them is…% — Разница между ними …%

• The figures for… and … tend to be fairly similar. — Число
(тех, кто…) и

• The least popular / favoured – самый непопулярный

• The most significant difference can be observed between …
and …

• The most striking feature is …

• The percentage of … is almost identical – Процент … почти одинаков.

• The send most popular is only a tiny fraction less popular than…, which is…%

• There is no significant difference between – Нет существенной разницы между

• Twice / three times / four times as many as a figure for … — процент в 2/3/4 раза выше, чем

Другие
связки для анализа данных в таблице/диаграмме

● Firstly –
во-первых.

● Secondly
– во-вторых.

● Thirdly –
в-третьих.

● For
example – например.

● However –
как бы то ни было / однако.

● Moreover
– более того.

● What is more
— более того.

●
Nevertheless – тем не менее.

● On the contrary –
напротив.

● On the one hand —
с одной стороны.

● On the
other hand — с другой стороны.

1 ПРИМЕР:

Surprisingly, only 27.2% and 17.6% of
those surveyed enjoy reading animal stories and romance. By contrast,
adventure novels are favoured by a much higher proportion of the respondents
(55.4%, to be exact), followed closely by detective, war and spy stories
at 55.3% The percentage of those who like reading sports stories is
only slightly lower, making up 49.2%.

2 пример:

According to the data in
the table, sports stories appear
to be more popular than animal stories, as there are 49.2% of
teenagers reading sports stories, which is around twice as many as the figure for
animal stories. Another important thing to mention is that detective,
spy and war stories are almost as popular as adventure stories – the
difference between them is 0,1%. Both genres are real page-turners,
and this may be the key to such popularity.

3 пример:

According to the data in
the table, people also use their
smartphones for surfing the Internet, and it is 10 percent more popular than
playing games. It demonstrates that most people are aimed at
looking for necessary data for their work or studies rather than wasting time
on useless activities.

4 пример:

Unsurprisingly, in this world of technology, only 11% of the
respondents voted for going for a walk. In addition, the figure
for those who voted for sports activities in the gym is even 2% lower.

5 пример:

Apart from that, comparing
average in popularity networks, we
can conclude that WhatsApp is far more popular than Twitter. The
former comprises 48% while the latter makes up only 23%.

6 пример:

It is also
worth mentioning that the
number of teenagers enjoying detective novels and books about war and spies
(55,3%)  is only slightly lower than the number of teenagers
enjoying adventure stories (55,4%).

Лексика

Percentages:

10% increase,

25 percent decrease,

increased by
15%,

dropped by 10
per cent,

fall at 50%,

reached to 75%,

tripled,

doubled,

one-fourth,

three-quarters,

half,

double fold,

treble,

5 times higher,

3 times lower,

declined to
about 49%,

stood exactly at 43%.

Fractions:

4% = A tiny fraction.

24% = Almost / about a
quarter.

25% Exactly a quarter.

26% = Roughly one quarter.

32% Nearly one-third, nearly
a third.

49% = Around a half, just
under a half.

50% Exactly a half.

51% = Just over a half.

73% = Nearly three quarters.

77% = Approximately three
quarter, more than three-quarter.

79% = Well over three quarters.

Количество без
упоминания процентов:

1—3% — an insignificant
number of… / an insignificant amount of…

2% = A tiny portion, a very
small proportion of

4% = An insignificant
minority, an insignificant proportion of

5% — a small number of… / a
small amount of…

10% — a small minority of…

15—19% — less than a fifth

16% = A small minority, a
small portion of

20% — a fifth

24% = almost a quarter

25% — one quarter / a quarter

26% = roughly one quarter

30% — just under a third

32% = nearly one-third

33 — a third

35% — just over a third / more
than a third

40% — two fifths

47—49% — approximately half /
about half

49% = just under a half

50% — half of… / a half

51% = just over a half

51—55% — just over half

55% = more than half

60% — three fifths

70% —A large proportion of

72% = A significant majority,
A significant proportion of

73% — a large proportion of…
/ a large number of… / nearly three quarters

75% — three quarters

76% = just over
three-quarters

80% — four fifths

85% — a significant
proportion of…

89% = A very large proportion
of

90% — an overwhelming
majority…

Words/ Phrases of
Approximation

» Approximately

» Nearly

» Roughly

» Almost

» About

» Around

» More or less

» Just over

» Just under

» Just around

» Just about

» Just below

» A little more than

» A little less than.

Другие связки для
анализа данных в таблице/диаграмме

Firstly – Во-первых

Secondly – Во-вторых

Thirdly – В-третьих

For example – Например

For instance – Например

However – Как бы то ни было / однако

Moreover – Более того

What is more — Более того

Nevertheless – Тем не менее

On the contrary – Напротив

On the one hand — С одной
стороны

On the other hand — С другой
стороны

Similarly…
On the contrary…
Meanwhile…
In contrast…
By comparison…

Прилагательные: sharp, rapid, huge, dramatic, substantial, considerable,
significant, slight, small, minimal, massive.

Наречия:
dramatically, rapidly, hugely, massive, sharply, steeply, considerably,
substantially, significantly, slightly, minimally, markedly.  

4 абзац          – outline
a problem that can arise with reading    and suggest the way of solving it;

ЧТО:

ü
найти проблему и

ü
предложить ее решение

Должна ли проблема вытекать из данных?

Не обязательно; но она должна быть связана с общей темой.

КАК:

•   
One problem that ___ can/might cause is …

•   
One of the problems
that is/can be caused by ___ is …

•   
One problem that can
occur in ___ is …

•   
One problem that can
occur as a result of ___ is …

•   
One problem that ___
(smartphone users) often face / are confronted with is …

•   
One problem (that is
usually/often) associated with ___ is …

•   
One problem that is
often experienced by (readers) …

•    As far as I can see, … can cause several problems. The most serious one is that… — Насколько я вижу, … может быть причиной
нескольких проблем. Наиболее серьёзная из них это…

•    One problem that can be connected with … is that… —
Одна из проблем, связанных с …, это…

•    … and this may result in… — и это
может стать причиной…

•    A problem likely to arise is that … perhaps it is
possible to solve the problem by…

•    In my opinion, the statistics in the table
reveal an important problem.

•    Though … , one problem can arise. —
Хотя … , может возникнуть одна проблема.

•    However, … can cause several problems. The most serious one is that… —Однако … может быть причиной нескольких проблем.
Наиболее серьёзная из них это…

•    The best way to solve
this problem is to …

•    One of the best ways to tackle this issue
is …

•    However, there is a possible solution to this problem.
— Однако, есть возможное решение этой проблемы.

•    I believe that … is the best solution to this problem.
— Я считаю, что … — лучшее решение данной проблемы.

•    I think that in order to solve this
problem…

1 ПРИМЕР:

One  difficulty  that  struggling readers  often have  / (или that teenage readers often face) is lack of
motivation to read. It is a serious problem that affects the
development of comprehension skills and overall academic performance.

2 ПРИМЕР:

One problem that is nowadays associated with reading is a growing decline
in book-reading culture. Indeed reading books seems to be
losing its popularity with people of all ages, including teenagers.

3 ПРИМЕР:

The data indicate that although modern teenagers read a lot, they tend to avoid choosing
romantic novels and animal stories. I suppose this is because
today’s adolescents are too pragmatic, not caring and compassionate enough. One
solution to this problem is for parents and teachers to raise
teenagers’ awareness of the importance of developing empathy and encourage them
to read and discuss romance and animal stories. The best way to do it
is to find out what puts young people off choosing these genres and try
to connect reading to their interests.

4 ПРИМЕР:

Although teenagers in Zetland seem
to be interested in reading, globally, young people are reading fewer books
than before. The problem is that today’s teenagers get easily
discouraged by long and challenging texts. As a result, they feel
frustrated and lose motivation to read, which affects the development of
their comprehension skills and overall academic performance. The best
solution to this problem is to let teenagers choose their reading for
themselves  and encourage them to read different texts, not only books.

5 пример

One problem that can be
connected with reading is that
nowadays reading is losing its popularity among teenagers, and this may
result in poor imagination and a limited vocabulary range. However,
there is a possible solution to this problem. School teachers should
stimulate teenagers’ interest in various book genres by organising
special discussion clubs and drama lessons.

6 пример

As far as I can see, using smartphones can cause several problems.
The most serious one is that people become too dependent on their
smartphones. I believe that reducing time spent on the phone is the
best solution to this problem. For example, people should
communicate face to face more often instead of sending emails because
it is faster and does not result in losing communication skills.

7 пример

As one can see in the chart, passive free-time activities, surfing
the net and playing computer games, are the most popular among teenagers from
Zetland. Obviously, this problem is widespread and a cause of concerns in
society because it may lead to weight gain. To solve this issue,
parents should control their teenage children’s screen time.

8 пример

The data given in the bar chart reveal that great number of people
are engaged in social network activities. Obviously, this might have an
adverse impact on their involvement in various kinds of leisure activities,
including active recreation. I believe that one of the possible solutions to
the issue of the reduction of the amount of time people spend on leisure
activities in favour of visiting social networks can be making an
informed decision by the person himself to limit the time spent online and take
up a new exciting hobby.

9 пример

One
problem that can be deduced from the data is that none of the teenagers mentioned classic literature, and
this may result in lack of emotional and cultural experience. However,
there is a possible solution to this problem. Schools should organise
drama clubs in order to draw teenagers’ attention to classic literature and awaken
their interest.

10
пример

In my opinion, the statistics in the table reveal an important
problem. We can see
that teenagers are not interested in biographies and are therefore missing
out on a great amount of wisdom contained in these books. I think that in
order to solve this problem biographies should be included in the school
curriculum.

5 абзац     – conclude
by giving your opinion on  the importance of reading for

                             teenagers;

ЧТО:

ü сделать
заключение, высказав свое мнение

ü bring the key elements
together

КАК:

•    To sum everything up, I
can say that… – Подводя итоги, я могу сказать, что…

•    In conclusion, I would
like to emphasise that… – В заключение, я бы хотел подчеркнуть, что…

•    All in all, I am
convinced that… – Я убеждён, что…

•    In conclusion, I believe
that… is crucial in everyone’s life because… —

•    In conclusion, I think
that … are an integral part of our life because… —

•    although / while … , …

•    All things considered…

•    On the whole, I believe that…

•    That is why, even though preferences
may differ greatly, it is important to…

•    In conclusion, I believe
that…

1 ПРИМЕР:

In conclusion, I believe
that although not all literature genres are liked by Zetland’s teenagers, reading obviously
plays a significant role in their lives and in the life of every teenager.

2 ПРИМЕР:

In conclusion, I firmly
believe that despite some problems associated with reading / that reading
might cause, it obviously plays a significant role in the life of every
teenager.

3 ПРИМЕР:

In conclusion, I firmly believe that despite some problems
associated with
reading, it is obviously very important for teenagers to read on
a regular basis / different texts / books of different genres.

4 пример

In conclusion, I believe
that reading is crucial in
everyone’s life because it broadens people’s horizons, expands their
vocabulary, improves their memory and develops imagination.

5 пример

In conclusion, I think
that smartphones are an integral
part of our life because they provide us with a wide range of
opportunities. Due to smartphones people can find necessary
information quickly and are able to communicate with people wherever
they are and by various means.

6 пример

In conclusion, it is
important for teenagers to spend their free time effectively. It will
help them to have a good rest, get rid of stress and be full of …

7 пример

Taking everything into
consideration, we should balance between online and offline pastimes to
stay physically and mentally healthy.

8 пример

In conclusion, I believe that reading is important for people of all
ages. Not only is reading fun and enjoyable, but it also allows us to
learn about any subject and improve our analytical and creative skills. 

ШАБЛОНЫ

1. Recent studies show that teenagers’ reading habits have changed. To
find out more about it, I have found some information on what literary genres
are popular with teenagers living in Zetland. As part of my project, I have
analyzed these data and come across some interesting findings.

 According to the data, teenagers in Zetland have
quite a wide range of tastes when it comes to genres of literature. The vast
majority of the respondents enjoy reading adventure and detective stories as
well as books about war and spies. Sports stories are also quite popular with
teenage readers in Zetland whereas romantic novels are the least popular book
genre.

Surprisingly, only 27.2% and 17.6% of those surveyed
like reading animal stories and romance. By contrast, adventure novels are
favoured by a much higher proportion of the respondents (55.4%, to be exact),
followed closely by detective, war and spy stories at 55.3% The percentage of
those who enjoy reading sports stories is only slightly lower, making up 49.2%.

 Although teenagers in Zetland seem to be interested
in reading, globally, young people are reading fewer books than before. The
problem is that today’s teenagers get easily discouraged by long and
challenging texts. As a result, they feel frustrated and lose motivation to
read, which affects the development of their comprehension skills and academic
performance. The best solution to this problem is to let teenagers choose their
reading for themselves  and encourage them to
read not only books but a variety of texts.  / или to read on a regular basis.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that despite some
problems associated with reading, it is obviously very important for teenagers
to regularly read different texts (and  books
of different genres).

2. Recent studies show that teenagers’ reading habits have changed. To
find out more about it, I have found some information on what literary genres
are popular with teenagers living in Zetland. As part of my project, I have
analyzed these data and come across some interesting findings.

 According to the data, teenagers in Zetland have
quite a wide range of tastes when it comes to genres of literature. The vast
majority of the respondents enjoy reading adventure and detective stories as
well as books about war and spies. Sports stories are also quite popular with
teenage readers in Zetland  whereas romantic novels are the least popular book
genre.

 Surprisingly, only 27.2% and 17.6% of those surveyed
like reading animal stories and romance. By contrast, adventure novels are
favoured by a much higher proportion of the respondents (55.4%, to be exact),
followed closely by detective, war and spy stories at 55.3% The percentage of
those who enjoy reading sports stories is only slightly lower, making up 49.2%.

 Although teenagers in Zetland seem to be interested
in reading, globally, young people are reading fewer books than before. The
problem is that today’s teenagers get easily discouraged by long and
challenging texts. As a result, they feel frustrated and lose motivation to
read, which affects the development of their comprehension skills and academic
performance. The best solution to this problem is to let teenagers choose their
reading for themselves and encourage them to
read on a regular basis.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that despite some
problems associated with reading, it is obviously very important for teenagers to regularly read different texts .

3.       Undoubtedly, reading plays an important role in
everyone’s life. Doing a

project about reading I found some data on
teenagers’ favourite book genres. The statistics are in this chart and I am
going to comment on several key features of the results of the poll. Или In this project I am going to outline
several key features of the results of the poll.

Looking at the
details, the most
popular book genre is adventure with 55,4% reading this type of
literature which means that teenagers are keen on dynamic plots
and unexpected twists. On the contrary, the least popular genre is
romance as a little bit less than a fifth of teenagers read it.

According to the data
in the table, sports
stories appear to be more popular than animal stories, as there
are 49.2% of teenagers reading sports stories, which is around twice as
many as the figure for animal stories. Another important thing to mention is
that detective, spy and war stories are almost as popular as
adventure stories – the difference between them is 0,1%. Both genres are
real page-turners, and this may be the key to such popularity.

One problem that can
be connected with
reading is that nowadays reading is losing its popularity among teenagers, and
this may result in poor imagination and a limited vocabulary range. However,
there is a possible solution to this problem. School teachers should
stimulate teenagers’ interest in various book genres by organizing special
discussion clubs and drama lessons.

Или:

One problem that can be
deduced from the data is that none of the teenagers mentioned classic
literature, and this may result in lack of emotional and cultural experience.
However, there is a possible solution to this problem. Schools should organize
drama clubs in order to draw teenagers’ attention to classic literature and

awaken their interest.

In conclusion, I
believe that reading
is crucial in everyone’s life because it broadens people’s
horizons, expands their vocabulary, improves their memory and develops
imagination.

4.       Nowadays almost everyone
has a smartphone. Doing a project about smartphones I have found some
data on how people use their smartphones. The statistics are in this
chart and I am going to comment on several key features of the
results of the poll. Или In this project I am going to outline several key features of the results
of the poll.

As we can see, most people use their smartphones to
send and receive emails and to make phone calls – 79% and 78% respectively.
On the contrary, the least popular purpose for using smartphones is
paying for purchases, which is quite surprising given that more and more people
prefer mobile payment services like Apple Pay to credit cards and cash.

As far as I can see, using smartphones can cause
several problems. The most serious one is that people become too
dependent on their smartphones. I believe that reducing time spent on
the phone is the best solution to this problem. For example, people
should communicate face to face more often instead of sending emails
because it is faster and does not result in losing communication skills.

In conclusion, I think
that smartphones are
an integral part of our life because they provide us with a wide range
of opportunities. Due to smartphones people can find necessary
information quickly and are able to communicate with people wherever
they are and by various means.

5.

Ошибки в стилевом
оформлении (Аспект 6):

Порядок подсчета слов:

Допустимое
отклонение от заданного объёма составляет 10%. Если в ответе на задание
39 менее 90 слов или в ответе на задание 40 менее 180 слов, то ответ на задание
проверке не подлежит и оценивается в 0 баллов. При превышении объёма более чем
на 10%, т.е. если в ответе на задание 39 более 154 слов или в ответе на задание
40 более 275 слов, проверке подлежит только та часть ответа на задание, которая
соответствует требуемому объёму.

Таким образом, при
проверке ответа на задание 39 отсчитывается от начала ответа 140 слов, при
проверке ответа на задание 40 – 250 слов, и оценивается только эта часть
ответа.

При определении
соответствия объёма представленной работы вышеуказанным требованиям считаются
все слова, с первого слова по последнее, включая вспомогательные глаголы,
предлоги, артикли, частицы.

В электронном письме обращение и
подпись также подлежат подсчёту. При этом:

− стяжённые (краткие) формы can’t,
didn’t, isn’t, I’m и т.п. считаются как одно слово;

− числительные, выраженные
цифрами, т.е. 1, 25, 2009, 126 204 и т.п., считаются как одно слово;

− числительные, выраженные
цифрами, вместе с условным обозначением процентов, т.е. 25%, 100% и т.п.,
считаются как одно слово;

− числительные, выраженные
словами, считаются как слова;

− сложные слова, такие как
good-looking, well-bred, English-speaking, twenty-five, считаются как одно
слово;

− сокращения, например USA,
e-mail, TV, CD-rom, считаются как одно слово.