Задание №8747.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1 — 8 и текстами A — G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. How dreaming helps
2. Why dreams can be scary
3. How we forget dreams
4. Not only for humans
5. When we don’t sleep
6. How we remember dreams
7. When we dream
8. What we feel dreaming
A. Even though our dreams may feel like they last for hours and hours, we hardly spend more than two hours dreaming each night, which means a person spends a total of nearly six years dreaming throughout a lifetime. In general there are four phases of the sleep cycle and all dreaming occurs practically at the final phase. Each of these sleep cycles lasts approximately 60 to 90 minutes and may repeat several times throughout the night.
B. Anxiety is the most popular emotion experienced in dreams. Many people dream of falling, which is often connected to something in our lives that is going in the wrong direction. In addition, dreams of being chased are very common and are linked to avoidance. Also people report dreams about their teeth falling out, which is related to the words and communication we might have in real life.
C. Dreaming helps people make sense of the information and events that occur in their lives. Dreams play an important role in processing and remembering information that we absorb daily. Also, they help reduce stress and even solve problems. It’s very possible to work through real-life problems while dreaming at night. In addition, dreams provide a lot of important content and meaning that can be used to inspire and direct our lives during the day.
D. Nearly 5 to 10% of adults have nightmares. There are several reasons for it, for example when people start taking certain medications or when they withdraw from drugs. Some physical conditions, such as stress or illness, can also be a trigger. However, in some cases adults may have frequent nightmares that are unrelated to their everyday lives, which may signify that they are more creative, sensitive, and emotional than the average person.
E. There is no person who does not have dreams, but not everybody recalls them. The most vivid dreams happen during the Rapid Eye Movement sleep stage when the brain is extremely active and the eyes move back and forth quickly underneath the eyelids. Although dream recall varies from person to person, some people have little or no recollection of the content, and around 90% of dreams are gone following the first 10 minutes of waking up.
F. Scientists have found that animals also dream and their subconscious thoughts are connected to real experiences. Animals’ dreams are complex, containing long sequences of events. Animals’ brains share the same series of sleeping states as the brain of human beings. Analyzing animals’ dreams and the content of their dreams may help scientists treat memory disorders and develop new ways for people to learn and retain information more effectively.
G. Only five minutes after the end of a dream and half of the content is likely to vanish from our memories. It’s not that dreams aren’t important enough to keep in mind, but other things tend to get in the way. Dream researcher L. Strumpell believes that dreams disappear from our memories for a number of factors. For example, we may not recall dream images that lack intensity, association or repetition, which are usually needed for dream recall.
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
Решение:
Заголовок 7 (When we dream. — Когда нам снятся сны.) соответствует содержанию текста A: «… we hardly spend more than two hours dreaming each night…»
Заголовок 8 (What we feel dreaming. — Что мы чувствуем во сне) соответствует содержанию текста B: «Anxiety is the most popular emotion experienced in dreams.»
Заголовок 1 (How dreaming helps. — Как сновидение помогает) соответствует содержанию текста C: «Dreaming helps people make sense of the information and events…»
Заголовок 2 (Why dreams can be scary. — Почему сны могут быть страшными) соответствует содержанию текста D: «Nearly 5 to 10% of adults have nightmares. There are several reasons for it…»
Заголовок 6 (How we remember dreams. — Как мы запоминаем сны) соответствует содержанию текста E: «… but not everybody recalls them.»
Заголовок 4 (Not only for humans. — Не только для человека) соответствует содержанию текста F: «Scientists have found that animals also dream…»
Заголовок 3 (How we forget dreams. — Как мы забываем мечты) соответствует содержанию текста G: «Only five minutes after the end of a dream and half of the content is likely to vanish from our memories.»
Показать ответ
Источник: ФИПИ. Открытый банк тестовых заданий
Сообщить об ошибке
Тест с похожими заданиями
- Подробности
-
20809
 |
||
| Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22-А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. TEST 30 ( part 3) |
The Garden Party
They could not have had a more perfect day for a garden-party if they had ordered it. Only the blue was veiled with a haze of light gold, as it is sometimes in early summer. The gardener had been up since A22 dawn, mowing the lawns and sweeping them, As for the roses, you could not help feeling they understood that roses are the only flowers that impress people at garden parties, the only flowers that everybody is certain to know. Breakfast was not yet over before the men came to put A23 up the tent.
‘Where do you want the tent put, mother?’ asked Laura. ‘My dear child, it’s no use asking me,’ replied her mother. ‘I’m A24 determined to leave everything to my children this year. Forget I am your mother and treat me as an honoured guest.’
Her sister Meg could not A25 possibly go and supervise the men. She had washed her hair before breakfast, and she sat drinking her coffee in a green turban, with a dark wet curl stamped on each cheek.
So Laura flew away, still holding her piece of bread-and-butter. It’s so delicious to have an A26 excuse for eating out of doors, and besides, she loved having to arrange things. She always felt she could do it so much better than anybody else. Four men in their shirt sleeves stood grouped together on the garden path. They carried staves covered with rolls of canvas, and they had big A27 tool bags slung on their backs. They looked impressive. Laura wished now that she had not got the breadand-butter, but there was nowhere to put it, and she couldn’t throw it A28 away. She blushed and tried to look severe as she came up to them.
|
A22 |
1) gloaming сумерки (поэтич.) |
2) breakday такого слова не существует |
3) dusk сумерки |
4) dawn рассвет |
|
A23 |
1) on Put on — надевать; включать |
2) up Put up — устанавливать |
3) down Put down — класть, опускать |
4) out Put out — выставлять |
|
A24 |
1) dreaming мечтаю |
2) assured Не может быть употреблено здесь грамматически |
3) determined решила, полна решимости |
4) decided Не может быть употреблено здесь грамматически |
|
A25 |
1) particularly особенно, очень |
2) possibly Could not possibly — просто невозможно; устоявшееся выражение |
3) especially особенно, очень |
4) usually обычно |
|
A26 |
1) excuse причина, оправдание |
2) explanation объяснение |
3) idea идея |
4) allowance пособие |
|
A27 |
1) equipment |
2) gadget |
3) appliance |
4) tool Tool bag — ящик/сумка для инструментов; устоявшееся выражение |
|
A28 |
1) off Throw off — скидывать |
2) down Throw down — кинутьвниз |
3) away Throw away — выбрасывать |
4) aside Throw aside — кинуть в сторону |
Задание №9596.
Чтение. ЕГЭ по английскому
Прочитайте текст и запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Показать текст. ⇓
Having naps during the day would be nice, but
1) doctors do not find them effective.
2) people won’t take them voluntarily.
3) bosses are against this.
4) it is difficult to arrange.
Решение:
Having naps during the day would be nice, but bosses are against this.
Было бы неплохо вздремнуть днем, но начальство против этого.
«Well, naps would be nice, but at the moment, employers tend to frown on them.»
Показать ответ
Источник: ФИПИ. Открытый банк тестовых заданий
Сообщить об ошибке
Тест с похожими заданиями
ЕГЭ Вариант 1
ЧТЕНИЕ 10. Задание 10 Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.
1. The wrong goal
2. Extra-curricular over load
3. Too much homework
4. Arguably helpful
5. Too stressful
6. Too many distractions
7. A better system
8. Poor co-ordination
A. My problem with homework is that I am rather fond of TV and computer games. Every evening after school it is the same. I start with the highest intentions. I’ll just play one round of Final fantasy and then begin. But it tends to be three rounds and then tea time. Oh — and then my favourite program begins in 10 minutes so I’ll start after that. And so it goes on. Probably I lack motivation.
B. It is so much faster doing homework these days. All our assignments can be done on the PC which means correcting and changing things is so easy. But of course the Internet is the biggest shortcut of all. Maybe it’s true what they say that it stops you reading textbooks. You get snatches of information rather than the whole story. Maybe I should try to use the internet less.
C. I am a drummer and a pianist. The school really encourages this and I have two one hour lessons a week plus one to two hours daily practice. I am in the basketball team. The school encourages this and we practice twice a week. I got picked to be in the school play. Rehearsals are two hours a week. Will somebody please tell me when I am supposed to get my homework done?
D. Exam practice, constant revision, exam techniques and how to get the highest possible grade— is this what education is supposed to be about? The school seems obsessed with grades and the school results league table. We are currently 17th highest achievers in England but if we really try hard this year we might make top 10. Silly me! I thought education was about learning and preparing for adult life.
E. For some kids exams bring more pressure than they can cope with. They worry about what their parents will say, not to mention what their teachers or class mates will think. No wonder some of them freeze up in the exam hall and are unable to write anything out of sheer nerves.
F. Why do they do it? We get three weeks in a row with minimal homework and then every teacher in the school sets a massive assignment to be completed “by next Friday — no late submissions”. Why don’t they get together and try and even the load?
G. I think Continuous Assessment is a very sensible idea. Education should not simply be about slick exam performance, but about overall how you perform in school — how you study, how much you read, how logical and clear your essay arguments are. 50% of our final grading should be based on course work. I think it is fair.
| Текст | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| Заголовок |
Задание 11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Duration of life and its social implications
The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A ______ , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations.
The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. The В ______ a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050.
The US census bureau was the first to sound the С ______ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D ______ for health services and pensions systems.
“People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,” the authors conclude. “This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ______ population.”
Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ______ that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.
1. which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country
2. alarm about these changes
3. a huge shift towards an ageing population
4. change is due to
5. while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications
6. which shows the balance between working-age people and the older
7. as proportions of older people increase in most countries
| Пропуск | A | B | C | D | E | F |
| Часть предложения |
Задание 12 № 1174
A good night’s sleep — an impossible dream?
Tonight, do yourself a favor. Shut off the TV, log off the Internet and unplug the phone. Relax, take a bath, maybe sip some herbal tea. Then move into the bedroom. Set your alarm clock for a time no less than eight hours in the future, fluff up your pillows and lay your head down for a peaceful night of restorative shut-eye. That’s what American doctors advise.
American sleep experts are sounding an alarm over America’s sleep deficit. They say Americans are a somnambulant nation, stumbling groggily through their waking hours for lack of sufficient sleep. They are working longer days — and, increasingly, nights — and they are playing longer, too, as TV and the Internet expand the range of round-the-clock entertainment options. By some estimates, Americans are sleeping as much as an hour and a half less per night than they did at the turn of the century — and the problem is likely to get worse.
The health repercussions of sleep deprivation are not well understood, but sleep researchers point to ills ranging from heart problems to depression. In a famous experiment conducted at the University of Chicago in 1988, rats kept from sleeping died after two and a half weeks. People are not likely to drop dead in the same way, but sleep deprivation may cost them their lives indirectly, when an exhausted doctor prescribes the wrong dosage or a sleepy driver weaves into someone’s lane.
What irritates sleep experts most is the fact that much sleep deprivation is voluntary. “People have regarded sleep as a commodity that they could shortchange,” says one of them. “It’s been considered a mark of very hard work and upward mobility to get very little sleep. It’s a macho attitude”. Slumber scientists hope that attitude will change. They say people have learned to modify their behavior in terms of lowering their cholesterol and increasing exercise. Doctors also think people need to be educated that
allowing enough time for sleep and taking strategic naps are the most reliable ways to promote alertness behind the wheel and on the job.
Well, naps would be nice, but at the moment, employers tend to frown on them. And what about the increasing numbers of people who work at night? Not only must they work while their bodies’ light-activated circadian rhythms tell them to sleep, they also find it tough to get to sleep after work. Biologists say night workers have a hard time not paying attention to the 9-to-5 day because of noises or family obligations or that’s the only time they can go to the dentist. There are not too many dentists open at midnight.
As one might imagine, companies are springing up to take advantage of sleeplessness. One of the companies makes specially designed shift-work lighting systems intended to keep workers alert around the clock. Shiftwork’s theory is that bright light, delivered in a controlled fashion, can help adjust people’s biological clocks. The company president says they are using light like a medicine. So far, such special lighting has been the province of NASA astronauts and nuclear power plant workers. He thinks that in the future, such systems may pop up in places like hospitals and 24-hour credit-card processing centers. Other researchers are experimenting with everything from welder’s goggles (which night workers wear during the day) to human growth hormones. And, of course, there is always what doctors refer to as “therapeutic caffeine use”, but everyone is already familiar with that.
So, is a good night’s sleep an impossible dream for Americans? Maybe so.
| 12 The advice of American doctors is all about 1) ways to reduce negative effect of modern technologies. 13. Задание 13 1) need special help to fall asleep. 14. Задание 14 1) it inevitably leads to death. 15. Задание 15 1) people want to look tough at any cost. |
16. Задание 16 Having naps during the day would be nice, but 1) doctors do not find them effective. 17. Задание 17 1) fulfill traditional family obligations. 18. Задание 18 № 1) to help people feel alert at night. |
Лексика Грамматика
19. Задание 19 Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слова «так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста.
The name of Alaska
19 Do you know the origin of the place name Alaska? The name Alaska comes from the Aleut word alaxsxaq, __________________ “object toward which the action of the sea is directed” – that is, the mainland. (MEAN»)
20.
It is also known as Alyeska, the “great land”, an Aleut word __________________ from the same root.( FORM)
Задание 21
Its nicknames are the Land of the Midnight Sun and America’s Last Frontier. Its first nicknames were “Seward’s folly” and
“Seward’s icebox” to laugh at the secretary of state who negotiated the purchase of Alaska from Russia, which __________________ foolish at the time.(CONSIDER)
Задание 22
American
sleep experts are sounding an alarm over America’s sleep deficit.
They say Americans are a somnambulant nation, stumbling groggily
through their waking hours for lack of sufficient sleep. They are
working longer days —
and,
increasingly, nights —
and they are
playing longer, too, as TV and the Internet expand the range of
round-the-clock entertainment options. By some estimates, Americans
ate sleeping as much as an hour and a half less per night than they
did at the turn of the century —
and the problem
is likely to get worse: «The 24-hour society is here, and it’s
growing», says one of the slumber scientists. «Physiologically,
we just cannot adapt that well».
The
health repercussions of sleep deprivation are not well understood,
but sleep researchers point to its ranging from heart
problems to
depression. In a famous experiment conducted at the University of
Chicago, rats kept from sleeping died after two and a half weeks.
People are not likely to drop dead in the same way, but sleep
deprivation may cost them their life indirectly, when an exhausted
doctor prescribes the wrong dosage or a sleepy driver weaves into
someone’s lane because driving while tired is very similar to driving
drunk.
What irritates sleep experts
most is the fact that much sleep deprivation is voluntary. «People
have regarded sleep as a commodity that they could shortchange»,
says one of them. «It’s been considered a mark of very hard work
and upward mobility to get very little sleep. It’s macho attitude».
Slumber scientists hope that attitude will change. They say people
have learned to modify their behaviour in terms of lowering their
cholesterol and increasing exercise. Doctors also think people need
to be educated that allowing enough time for sleep and taking
strategic naps are the most reliable ways to promote alertness behind
the wheel and on the job.
Naps would be nice, but at the
moment, employers tend to frown on them. And what about the
increasing numbers of people who work at night? Not only must they
work while their bodies’ light-activated circadian rhythms tell them
to sleep, they also find it tough to get to sleep after work.
Biologists say night workers have a hard time not paying attention to
the 9-to-5 day, because of noises or family obligations or that’s the
only time they can go to the dentist.
As one may imagine, companies
are springing up to take advantage of a sleep. One of the companies
has specially designed shift-work lighting systems intended to keep
workers alert around the clock. Shift-work’s theory is that bright
light, delivered in a controlled fashion, can help adjust people’s
biological clocks. The company president says they are using light
like a medicine. So far, such special lighting has been the province
of NASA astronauts and nuclear power plant workers. He thinks that,
in the future, such systems may pop up in places like hospitals and
24-hour credit-card processing centers. Other researchers are
experimenting with everything from welder’s goggles (which night
workers wear during the day) to human growth hormones. And, of
course, there is always what doctors refer to as «therapeutic
caffeine use», but everyone is already familiar with that.
So, is a good night’s sleep an
impossible dream for Americans? May be so.
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
- #
Установите соответствие тем 1 — 8 текстам A — G. Занесите свои ответы в соответствующее поле справа. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании одна тема лишняя.
1. A taste of everything
2. Shop till you drop
3. City’s tourist attractions
4. Ancient traditions live on
5. Activities for the adventurous and hardy
6. On the crossroads of religions
7. For the body, mind and soul
8. From the high peaks to the deep seas
A. Today Jakarta has much to offer, ranging from museums, art and antique markets, first class shopping to accommodations and a wide variety of cultural activities. Jakarta’s most famous landmark, the National Monument or Monas is a 137m obelisk topped with a flame sculpture coated with 35 kg of gold. Among other places one can mention the National museum that holds an extensive collection of ethnographic artifacts and relics, the Maritime Museum that exhibits Indonesia’s seafaring traditions, including models of sea going vessels.
B. Sumatra is a paradise for nature lovers, its national parks are the largest in the world, home to a variety of monkeys, tigers and elephants. Facing the open sea, the western coastline of Sumatra and the waters surrounding Nias Island have big waves that make them one of the best surfer’s beaches in Indonesia. There are beautiful coral reefs that are ideal for diving. For those who prefer night dives, the waters of Riau Archipelago offer a rewarding experience with marine scavengers of the dark waters.
C. Various establishments offer professional pampering service with floral baths, body scrubs, aromatic oils, massages and meditation; rituals and treatments that use spices and aromatic herbs to promote physical and mental wellness. Various spa hotels are extremely popular. Indonesians believe that when treating the body you cure the mind.
D. Jakarta has a distinctly cosmopolitan flavor. Tantalize your taste buds with a gastronomic spree around the city’s many eateries. Like French gourmet dining, exotic Asian cuisine, American fast food, stylish cafes, restaurants all compete to find a way into your heart through your stomach. The taste of Indonesia’s many cultures can be found in almost any corner of the city: hot and spicy food from West Sumatra, sweet tastes of Dental Java, the tangy fish dishes of North Sulawesi.
E. In the face of constant exposure to modernization and foreign influences, the native people still faithfully cling to their culture and rituals. The pre-Hindu Bali Aga tribe still maintains their own traditions of architecture, pagan religion, dance and music, such as unique rituals of dances and gladiator-like battles between youths. On the island of Siberut native tribes have retained their Neolithic hunter-gathering culture.
F. Whether you are a serious spender or half hearted shopper, there is sure to be something for everybody in Jakarta. Catering to diverse tastes and pockets, the wide variety of things you can buy in Jakarta is mind boggling from the best of local handicrafts to haute couture labels. Modern super and hyper markets, multi-level shopping centers, retail and specialty shops, sell quality goods at a competitive price. Sidewalk bargains range from tropical blooms of vivid colors and scents in attractive bouquets to luscious fruits of the seasons.
G. The land’s long and rich history can’t be separated from the influence of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity. There is one of the oldest Hindu temples in Java, the majestic Buddhist ‘monastery on the hill’, Borobudur, the largest Buddhist monument in the world. About 17 km away from this monastery is a 9th century temple complex built by the San jay a dynasty. Prambanan complex is dedicated to the Hindu trinity: Ciwa, Vishnu and Brahma. The spread of Islam also left interesting monuments such as the 15th century Minaret Mosque in Kudus.
Задания 12-18
Прочитайте рассказ и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании обведите букву A, B, C или D, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.
A good night’s sleep – An impossible dream?
Tonight, do yourself a favor. Shut off the TV, log off the Internet and unplug the phone. Relax, take a bath, maybe sip some herbal tea. Then move into the bedroom. Set your alarm clock for a time no less than eight hours in the future, fluff up your pillows and lay your head down for a peaceful night of restorative shut-eye. That’s what American doctors advise.
American sleep experts are sounding an alarm over America’s sleep deficit. They say Americans are a somnambulant nation, stumbling groggily through their waking hours for lack of sufficient sleep. They are working longer days – and, increasingly, nights – and they are playing longer, too, as TV and the Internet expand the range of round-the-clock entertainment options. By some estimates, Americans are sleeping as much as an hour and a half less per night than they did at the turn of the century – and the problem is likely to get worse.
The health repercussions of sleep deprivation are not well understood, but sleep researchers point to ills ranging from heart problems to depression. In a famous experiment conducted at the University of Chicago in 1988, rats kept from sleeping died after two and a half weeks. People are not likely to drop dead in the same way, but sleep deprivation may cost them their lives indirectly, when an exhausted doctor prescribes the wrong dosage or a sleepy driver weaves into someone’s lane.
What irritates sleep experts most is the fact that much sleep deprivation is voluntary. “People have regarded sleep as a commodity that they could shortchange,” says one of them. “It’s been considered a mark of very hard work and upward mobility to get very little sleep. It’s a macho attitude.” Slumber scientists hope that attitude will change. They say people have learned to modify their behavior in terms of lowering their cholesterol and increasing exercise. Doctors also think people need to be educated that allowing enough time for sleep and taking strategic naps are the most reliable ways to promote alertness behind the wheel and on the job.
Well, naps would be nice, but at the moment, employers tend to frown on them. And what about the increasing numbers of people who work at night? Not only must they work while their bodies’ light-activated circadian rhythms tell them to sleep, they also find it tough to get to sleep after work. Biologists say night workers have a hard time not paying attention to the 9-to-5 day because of noises or family obligations or that’s the only time they can go to the dentist. There are not too many dentists open at midnight.
As one might imagine, companies are springing up to take advantage of sleeplessness. One of the companies makes specially designed shift-work lighting systems intended to keep workers alert around the clock. Shift-work’s theory is that bright light, delivered in a controlled fashion, can help adjust people’s biological clocks. The company president says they are using light like a medicine. So far, such special lighting has been the province of NASA astronauts and nuclear power plant workers. He thinks that in the future, such systems may pop up in places like hospitals and 24-hour credit-card processing centers. Other researchers are experimenting with everything from welder’s goggles (which night workers wear during the day) to human growth hormones. And, of course, there is always what doctors refer to as “therapeutic caffeine use,” but everyone is already familiar with that.
So, is a good night’s sleep an impossible dream for Americans? Maybe so.
12. The advice of American doctors is all about
A) ways to reduce negative effect of modern technologies.
B) complex measures that ensure healthy sleep.
C) positive effect of herbal therapy.
D) the process of restoring from unexpected psychological stress.
13. Americans are referred to as a “somnambulant nation” because they
A) need special help to fall asleep.
B) are sleepwalkers.
C) regularly wake up at night.
D) don’t get enough sleep to function effectively.
14. Experiments with sleep deprivation proved that
A) it inevitably leads to death.
B) its repercussions have finally become predictable.
C) it is likely to result in cardio or nervous problems.
D) animal and human reaction are almost alike.
15. There is a tendency to sleep less because
A) people want to look tough at any cost.
B) people think they can reduce sleeping hours without any harm .
C) people have learned to cope with less sleep just as they have learned to lower cholesterol.
D) otherwise they lose career and social opportunities.
16. Having naps during the day would be nice, but
A) doctors do not find them effective.
B) people won’t take them voluntarily.
C) bosses are against this.
D) it is difficult to arrange.
17. People who work at night can hardly
A) fulfill traditional family obligations.
B) consult doctors when needed.
C) socialize to their liking.
D) ever sleep without ear-plugs.
18. The main aim of specially designed shift-work lighting system is
A) to help people feel alert at night.
B) to provide better lightning.
C) to prevent heart diseases.
D) to stimulate human growth hormones.
Аудирование Чтение Языковой материал Письмо Говорение
ЕГЭ Задания по грамматике и лексике
Задание 19 — 25
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25.
Задание 26 — 31
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.
Задание 32 — 38
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.
The dream bridge
This is a real life story of engineer John Roebling building the Brooklyn Bridge in New York, USA back in 1870. The bridge was completed in 1883, after 13 years.
In 1869, a creative engineer named John Roebling was 32. ____________ by an idea to build a spectacular bridge connecting New York with the Long Island. 33. ____________, bridge building experts throughout the world thought that this was an impossible task. They 34. ____________ Roebling to forget the idea, as it just could not be done and it was not practical. It had never been done before.
Roebling could not ignore the vision he had in his mind of this bridge. He thought about it all the time and he knew 35. ____________ in his heart that it could be done. He just had to 36. ____________ the dream with someone else. After much discussion and persuasion he 37. ____________ to convince his son Washington, an up and coming engineer, that the bridge in fact could be constructed.
Roebling had never had any projects with his son before. Working together 38. ____________ the first time, the father and son developed concepts of how it could be accomplished and how the obstacles could be overcome. With great excitement and enthusiasm, and the headiness of a wild challenge before them, they hired their crew and began to build their dream bridge.
Начните свою подготовку к ЕГЭ по английскому с лучшими преподавателями
Первое занятие бесплатно!
Раздел 1. Аудирование.
Показать текст аудирования (секретно!)
Задание 1
Now we are ready to start.
Speaker A
I have always dreamt of having a stunning cream-coloured two-storey house located somewhere in Miami. I imagine a spacious beach house, with the beach being its backyard and the sea being its pool. Its front yard is also large, with a little creek and a big flat green space for a game of soccer. Lots of tall trees tower over the house. One of them will have a big tree house, with a ladder which can be pulled up. Every bedroom will have a large terrace overlooking the sea. The floors will be made of marble and all the furniture will be pure shiny smooth wood.
Speaker B
I wouldn’t like a huge house because there would be too much cleaning, but I would like to have spacious closets and bathrooms. I’m not much interested in a pool, but a hot tub would be nice. I’ve always wanted a house with a simple natural look and lots of indoor plants. I would definitely want a decent size yard, with lots of flowering plants and dogs running around. My family is quite large but they all can’t be in the same place for long before all hell breaks loose, so I would only want my hubby and kids to live in my dream house.
Speaker C
My future home will probably be mostly solar powered with a lot of modern insulation throughout the house. There will be plenty of energy efficient appliances and power conserving devices already preinstalled in the house. Well, I really want a house with four bedrooms and I want everything to be made of very modern materials like stainless steel. The house will have lots of windows, wood and marble flooring, and will definitely be very modern and sleek, with lots of electronic controls. The master bedroom will certainly have a Jacuzzi bathtub and a waterfall shower.
Speaker D
I could never understand people who spend lots of time and money on decorating their homes. They become slaves of their houses and see nothing but their plasma TV. My dream house would definitely be on wheels and have a steering wheel. Ultimately, it would be like one of those buses that bands live in while on the road. That way I could have a comfortable place to sleep; and yet I could change my backyard at will. And I can drive down to the corner bakery without leaving the house. Isn’t it convenient?
Speaker E
I’d like to have a teeny house that looks like a gingerbread house. I want it on a smallish lot with flowers and butterfly bushes and a fence around the little backyard, painted bright yellow with white on the front porch. It would also have a little cement patio out back. Inside, it would be as open as such a small house would be, with a half-wall between the kitchen and the living room, and a tiny hallway to the bedroom and the bathroom. The walls inside would be bright, with fun furniture and rugs everywhere.
Speaker F
I have never wanted to live in a crowded area so my dream house is kind of weird. I would live in a cave house inside a mountain. You could walk through, and the house would open up onto a balcony hanging there on the cliff of the mountain and you could see for miles. I would also like to have plenty of fruit trees and enough land for a vegetable garden and a separate flower garden, preferably roses. What will I have inside the house? All modern conveniences, a satellite TV and the Internet connection.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. (Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the texts again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers. (Pause 15 seconds.)
1. Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A-F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1-7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
1) My house will be fashionable and attractive in design.
2) Being close to nature is of primary importance.
3) My dream house looks like a castle.
4) I want to have pets in my dream house.
5) My dream house will be really impressive.
6) My future house will be on the move.
7) Everything in my house will be tiny.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке 
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12673.
Показать текст аудирования (секретно!)
Задание 2
Now we are ready to start.
Mrs Smith: Hello, Mr Jenkins. I’m afraid I have a grumble to make. It’s about your son — well, that football of his, to be precise.
Mr Jenkins: Don’t say he’s kicking it into your garden again, Mrs Smith.
Mrs Smith: Well, yes, I’m afraid it keeps coming over.
Mr Jenkins: I’ve told him not to play in the street. Look, here he comes now. I’1] have this out with him once and for all. Bill, I want you here, this minute.
Bill: What’s wrong, Dad? Why are you looking so angry?
Mr Jenkins: Mrs Smith tells me you’re still letting that football of yours go into her garden.
Bill: Oh, yes. Well, I’m sorry. Hello, Mrs Smith.
Mr Jenkins: It’s no good standing there squirming, Bill. I thought we’d sorted all this out last year, you and your friends. Surely you’ve got the sense to know that you’re causing damage.
Bill: Well, yes, Dad. In fact this time we’ve caused more damage than usual…
Mr Jenkins: Look what happened to Mrs Smith’s daffodils when they were just coming out last spring …Ruined, absolutely knocked to pieces.
Mrs Smith: It isn’t just the damage, it’s their welfare too. It isn’t safe to play in the street so I don’t want you coming down too hard on him, Mr…
Mr Jenkins: I told you then and I’ll tell you again…
Mrs Smith: Don’t come down on him too hard, Mr Jenkins. I can’t help feeling sorry for the lad. He paid for the damage with his pocket money and then in the autumn he burst a new ball on the thorns of my roses.
Bill: Dad, this time we were kicking the ball up and down the road to avoid it going into the gardens.
After it went on the daffodils we stopped using Mrs Smith’s gate as a goal. It was just an unlucky bounce that took it over the wall and onto the roses. Anyway, it didn’t do any harm that time, not to Mrs Smith’s garden. It was Mrs Smith’s garden that damaged my ball.
Mr Jenkins: You’re being cheeky!
Bill: No, Dad, it’s true. And now, today, it did an even unluckier bounce…
Mr Jenkins: Now listen to me, Bill. Once more into Mrs Smith’s garden and I’1] stop your pocket money for … well, Idon’t know how many months.
Mrs Smith: Bill, surely it’s best if you play on the recreation ground. It’s not far to walk.
Bill: But there’s just one problem, Mrs Smith.
Mr Jenkins: There can’t be a problem. You don’t mean you youngsters haven’t the strength to walk half a mile.
Bill: Well, no, it’s not that.
Mr Jenkins: Well, go to the recreation ground.
Bill: But Dad, Mrs Smith, my ball’s in Mrs Smith’s front room.
Mrs Smith: What on earth do you mean, in my front room?
Bill: It did another funny bounce. It’s gone through your window.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. (Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the text again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers. (Pause 15 seconds.)
2. Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений A-G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A Mrs Smith wants to complain about Bill’s impolite behaviour.
B Mrs Smith has got a large garden.
C Bill has a very innocent look on his face.
D Mr Jenkins mentions Mrs Smith’s ruined roses.
E Mr Smith is concerned about Bill and his friends.
F Mr Smith says Bill will have to pay for the damage out of his pocket money.
G The recreation ground is a mile away.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12674.
Показать текст аудирования (секретно!)
Задание 3-9
Now we are ready to start.
Interviewer: Daniel, you’re coming to the end of the journey now and we’ve basically watched you grow up on-screen. How do you feel about it?
Daniel Radcliffe: I’m not thinking about it that much at the moment. It’s very occasionally I’m suddenly thinking, oh God, I am only here for another 3 months, you know? And so that’s very odd and it will be very upsetting when it does come to an end because I’ve spent so much time here and made some fantastic friends who I hope will stay with me for the rest of my life. And so it’ll be very sad but equally it is an exciting time. Whenever you go through periods of transition, I suppose those times are always going to be both very upsetting and also very exciting by the very nature because things are changing and you don’t know what’s going to happen.
Interviewer: Could you talk about when you got the 7th book? Your experience of reading it for the first time and just your emotions?
Radcliffe: Yeah, I obviously loved the 7th book as much as everybody else did. I was reading actually at a cricket match because it came out 2 days before my 18th birthday. And I was going to a match for my birthday. So I was going ‘round for 2 days without having read it while everybody else was reading it. And so it was a 2-day-long struggle to beg not to be told how it all ends. And I did actually manage to do that and then, yeah, I remember finishing it on the plane and just becoming very emotional. I found it’s a very moving book. The epilogue was something that I liked. It’s tying together all those loose ends. Because the thing is that if Jo Rowling hadn’t written that epilogue, can you imagine being her for the rest of her life and having to cope with questions about what did Harry go on to do? She has to give some conclusion.
Interviewer: And can we talk about the process of the film? Not only the physical action but there’re some great emotions that Harry has to go through.
Radcliffe: The whole series for me is about loss of innocence and about Harry going from this kind of a wide-eyed child and turning into this slightly grizzled young man by the end of it. Although it is essential that he does not turn into a man necessarily in the film because what makes all that fight stuff at the end so powerful and so horrible to watch is the fact that you’re seeing a kid get beaten up by a very strong, very angry man.
Interviewer: Speaking of that, can you talk about filming that sequence with you and Ralph Fiennes when you’re in the forest and you know you’re going to die?
Radcliffe: That scene was one of my favourites. And as with everything that you place great significance on, one tends to put so much pressure on yourself that you actually end up nowhere. I so much wanted it to be good. I was probably trying almost too many different things. It was really hard work but I suppose simply because of the expectations I placed on myself.
Interviewer: Can you talk about the overall pride that you have for the series and what you and everyone have been able to accomplish?
Radcliffe: Of course I’m very proud of the series. These are films that are some of the biggest grossing films ever. No, not because of that… I think that’s because of the attention to detail that we have over these films. If you walk onto one of those sets, you’ll see not only the grandeur of it but, what makes them really impressive, also the details of the sets that you probably would never see in the film. But I think the fact that we walk onto those sets every day and think, well, if these sets are here, we have to be good enough to use them. You know, because they are amazing.
Interviewer: Are you comfortable with the association with the series and the character that you’ll have for the rest of your life?
Radcliffe: Well, I think that every opportunity I’ll get for the rest of my life, I would not have got if it wasn’t for Harry Potter. And it would be height of ingratitude if I was ever anything but proud to be associated with these films.
You have 15 seconds to complete the task. (Pause 15 seconds.)
Now you will hear the text again. (Repeat.)
This is the end of the task. You now have 15 seconds to check your answers. (Pause 15 seconds.)
This is the end of the Listening Test.
Вы услышите интервью с учёным. В заданиях 3-9 запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
3. At the moment Daniel feels both upset and excited because
1. he is to stay here for only 3 months.2. he will have to part with his friends.3. he is expecting some changes in his life.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12675.
4. When the 7th book came out, it was difficult for Daniel
1. to stay unaware of the ending.2. to find the book.3. to find an opportunity to read the book.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12676.
5. If J.K. Rowling hadn’t written the epilogue,
1. the book would feel incomplete.2. everybody would be disappointed.3. she would have to continue writing about Harry Potter.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12677.
6. What makes the end of the film so powerful is
1. the fight between a child and an adult villain.2. that Harry Potter finally turns into a grizzled young man.3. the death of Harry Potter.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12678.
7. The scene in the forest was very difficult to Daniel because he
1. expected too much of himself.2. was under a lot of pressure from Ralph Fiennes.3. was going to die.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12679.
8. Daniel thinks the sets are amazing because of their
1. details2. value3. grandeur
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12680.
9. When Daniel is associated with Harry Potter he feels
1. uncomfortable2. proud3. grateful
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12681.
Раздел 2. Чтение.
10. Установите соответствие между заголовками 1-8 и текстами A-G. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
1) Great Beginning
2) Important Event
3) Struggle for Survival
4) Ancient Wonder
5) Agriculture Success
6) Tourist Boom
7) Living Longer
Practical Invention
A. Computers have already revolutionized the way we live and work. But it is early days for computers. We do not know how much they are still changing the world. Already, Internet users can buy things and study holiday offers. It’s much easier to edit and print documents using a PC. More computer wonders are yet to come.
B. Only a few years before men were walking on the moon, reputable scientists declared that it was impossible. But in 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped out of his space capsule and made his famous statement, ‘That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.’ However, progress in this area is slower now. Not as much money goes into re- search as in the 1960s.
C. Surely nothing has done more for the comfort and happiness of mankind than the advance of medical knowledge! Lots of people have benefited from aspirin and lots of lives have been saved by penicillin. Surgeons can perform the most amazing operations. Average life expectancy in Europe has risen dramatically over the last hundred years.
D. In the past, a holiday used to mean simply a day when you did not work. Now millions of holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps, not all people like to see lots of tourists in their countries, but we must admit that a phenomenon which sees the population of Greece treble is a wonder of the world.
E. It is true that the Olympic Games are now commercialized and there is greed and drug abuse. However, it is a competition in which every country of the world takes part. Every four years, for a brief moment, we see these countries come together in peace and friendship. We see people from warring countries shake hands. We feel hope again for the future of mankind.
F. In 1724, Jonathan Swift wrote, ‘Whoever makes two blades of grass or two ears of corn grow where only one grew before serves mankind better than the whole race of politicians’. In Europe farmers have done it and we produce enough food to feed the world.
If only politicians could find a way to share it with those parts of the world where there is still famine.
G. The greatest wonder of the modern world is simply that we are still here. We have bombs that could destroy the world but we try our best not to use them. Because of people’s effort no government dares to use such weapons. The year 2001 marked the 100th anniversary of the Nobel Peace Prize, the most famous attempt to raise awareness of the issues of war and peace.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12922.
11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A-F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1-7. Одна из частей в списке 1-7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.
Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described A_____________. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, B_____________.
Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows to surveillance-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term ‘reality television’ is somewhat of a misnomer C_____________. The participants of these shows are often put in exotic locations or abnormal situations and are sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, whereas the events on screen are manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques.
Part of reality television’s appeal is D_____________. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, mainly in talent and performance programmes such as Pop Idol, E_____________.
Some commentators have said that the name ‘reality television’ is an inaccurate description for several styles of programme included in the genre. In competition-based programmes such as Big Brother and The Real World, producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, F_____________. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts.
1) that is rather popular with teenagers
2) because such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality
3) the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000
4) though frequently Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity
5) creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out
6) as a form of artificial documentary
7) due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12683.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
It’s best to be here early, especially on Saturdays. The rising pitch of the kettle is whistle joined with the faint hiss from the little blue camping stove. Twenty years old, that stove, found the receipt in a drawer just the other day — a bargain at four pounds fifty — but it always pays to hang onto the receipts. It’s Saturday today. By eight-thirty the staff have all arrived, I can’t hear them directly, but the soft, distant voices of the lifts rising and falling give them away.
Of course there is routine that measures time doesn’t it? Even the period before Christmas and during the sales that follow, routine is still there, although the time stretches and contracts as the public ebb and flow through the building like an unpredictable tide — routine will still be there, disguised, beneath the surface, an undertow. As the management ritually pull out their hair, thicken their arteries, bark at their coworkers and re-prioritise their priorities — behind it all routine will be waiting. Everyone here is a slave to it … even if they move on, get married, die … there will always be others to master, to enslave. I too am a slave to routine … but I don’t mind.
I look at the long white envelope with my name printed neatly in the centre, its edges slightly curled as though to fend off the surrounding army of clutter on the desk. An intruder. A foreign object.
I go down the stairs and open the main doors. Can’t keep the public waiting. Today is much like any other day. In amongst the structure of routine women drift like ghosts amid the lingerie, touching here, feeling there while husbands linger on the periphery of their erratic orbits, faces masked with bored indifference; in the homeware section, tweed-skirted ladies lift the lids on teapots; sniff, like careful poodles at bowls of Pot Porri, turn everything upside down to check the price and replace it quickly at the approach of an eager assistant. The sun streams through the plate glass windows in great broad beams, igniting every chrome fitting, while tired and wayward children are narrowly missed by my trolley’s wheels.
At 11 o’clock I go to the meeting with Mr. Radcliffe, the manager. He is a fat man, and the smallest motion on his part induces him to break into a sweat. He sits across the desk from me with the air of a man who has never dared to look a day in the eye. He speaks quickly and a little pompously, his eyes drifting toward the clock on the wall more often than my face. He says his words carefully, as though trying to pull each one down with the gravity of his tone. He endeavours to grant some words such as ‘free time’, ‘benefit package’, ‘pension fund’, ‘hobbies’ and ‘exemplary service’ an even greater weight of importance, but succeeds only in sweating some more as he glances to the clock.
In the staff canteen at lunchtime I see Mr. Radcliffe again as he orders a main course and two sweets, but this is not an unusual occurrence as far as I am aware. I don’t often come here, preferring to eat in my room upstairs, where I can read uninterrupted. But today I choose the canteen, although even here I am isolated to an island table set for six that’s fine. Iam not so naive to be unaware that I have a certain reputation here — a kind of gruff aloofness. I don’t actually believe this is part of my nature … or at least it never used to be. I like to be my own man, that’s all. I’ve little time for idle gossip. Years ago, when the new, young starters would arrive in June or July, I was more sociable. They would plague me for tips on the horses, or pop up to my ‘office’ for a skive or a cup of tea. But it all got a little out of hand. I no longer had any peace. So I became a little testy with them, and my annoyance soon became more organised. I became unpredictable and aggressive, this became a bit of a game, then a habit, and in the end … finally … me.
It’s dusk now and the store is quiet again. The kettle rocks gently on the metal frame of the stove. I glance around my room; the rows of books and piles of magazines, the ancient portable television, the radio. I have very few real possessions. What, really, does one man need? I’ve brought the things little by little from the flat. Now I think I have all that is required. I suppose, on occasion, they have suspected I stay here through the night, but that doesn’t bother me. It was a relief to let the flat go completely, I never felt at home there.
I have taken the retirement letter from its envelope and dropped it onto the worn lino. Now it lies there like a broken kite. I will sit here; wait until the mice come out from their hidden places to nibble at its corners and eat its words.
(Adapted from ‘Harry’s World’ by Steve Atkinson)
12. The narrator’s stove
1. cost less than its usual price.2. was rather expensive.3. was bought in the second-hand shop.4. was bought twelve years ago.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12684.
13. According to the narrator,
1. there are things that people do regularly.2. there is always a sale in the shop before Christmas.3. he hates the routine.4. the working hours of the store are always the same.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12685.
14. While shopping
1. ladies examine carefully all the goods.2. husbands show real interest in what their wives are buying.3. shop assistants don’t want to help customers.4. children are easy to control because they are tired.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12686.
15. Mr Radcliffe
1. speaks quietly.2. wants to show his importance.3. always wears a sweater.4. is a tall slim man.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12687.
16. The narrator usually
1. prefers to read during his lunchtime.2. doesn’t have lunch at all.3. has lunch with the management.4. chooses the staff canteen to have lunch.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12688.
17. The narrator has a reputation of
1. a person who tests people.2. a person who enjoys gossiping.3. a friendly and sociable person.4. an unfriendly person not wishing to talk to people.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12689.
18. The narrator lives in his office because
1. he doesn’t like his flat.2. he has very few real possessions.3. he doesn’t bother to go home.4. it is very comfortable.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12690.
Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст, предложения которого распределены по заданиям 19-25. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
19. The Bald Eagle
In 1782, soon after the United States won its independence, the bald eagle ______________ (CHOOSE) as the national bird of the new country. Americanleaders wanted the eagle to be a symbol of their country because it is one of the strongest birds.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12651.
20. Today the bald eagle almost ____________(DISAPPEAR) from the country.
Верный ответ: Hasdisappeared
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12652.
21. In 1972 there ____________(BE) only 3,000 bald eagles in the entire United States.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12653.
22. The reason for the bird’s ____________(DECREASE) population was pollution of rivers by pesticides.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12654.
23. Pesticides poison the fish. Eagles eat these fish and then the eggs eagles lay have very thin shells and ____________(NOT HATCH).
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12655.
24. Today, the American government an the American people ____________(TRY) to protect the bald eagle.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12656.
25. We are sure that the American national bird ____________(REMAIN) a symbol of strength and courage for many years to come.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12657.
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст, распределенный по заданиям 26-31. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
26. How to Choose Your Career
Selecting a career can be one of the most difficult ____________(DECIDE) in your life.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12898.
27. To choose the right career, you will have to find the balance between ____________(FINANCE) gain and personal fulfillment.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12899.
28. Before you can make a career choice, you will also have to learn about yourself. Your values, interests and skills will make some careers suitable for you and some particularly ____________(APPROPRIATE).
Верный ответ: Inappropriate
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12900.
29. You can use self-assessment tests to gather this information and to generate a list of ____________(OCCUPY) that are considered appropriate.
Верный ответ: Occupations
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12901.
30. A test like this could help you to narrow down your choice and ____________(POSSIBLE) point you in the right direction.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12902.
31. Even though it is important to choose a career early on, many people have switched careers late in the game and still became enormously ____________(SUCCESS). Think it over and take a chance.
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12903.
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32-38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32-38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов вместе с предложениями из текста ниже.
How Does Wind Power Really Work?
Wind power is going to be essential to our planet in the near future. But do you really know how wind power works? It looks easy but there are several components involved 32___________ generating wind power. This type of power can not only save us a good 33___________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.
For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 34___________, air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas. We can turn these gas particles into power because as the wind gusts, kinetic energy is created, which then can be harnessed and changed over into power.
Having access to wind is very essential for this operation to work but another indispensable ingredient is the blades that are used. Their design is very 35___________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade. The bigger the blade is, the more energy is seized and more power can be created for us in the form of electricity.
Much also depends 36___________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades. In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 37___________ to use all of the wind available.
This gives you the fundamental principles of how electricity is produced from the wind. Today is a fantastic time to do as much 38___________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.
32. Выберите пропущенное слово
It looks easy but there are several components involved 32___________ generating wind power.
1. in2. at3. from 4. by
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12824.
33. Выберите пропущенное слово
This type of power can not only save us a good 33___________ of money on our utility bills, but it will also play an important role in saving our planet.
1. quantity2. number3. lot 4. deal
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12825.
34. Выберите пропущенное слово
For many of us, wind just looks invisible and does not actually have any properties but in 34___________, air is a fluid that contains particles constructed of gas.
1. realism 2. reality3. real terms4. real life
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12826.
35. Выберите пропущенное слово
Their design is very 35___________ to the effectiveness of the turbine. The other important component is simply the size of the blade.
1. critical 2. precious3. significant4. valuable
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12827.
36. Выберите пропущенное слово
Much also depends 36___________ where you live to figure out the right blade size. In regions with low wind levels, small blades work better because more wind is required to push the larger turbine blades.
1. about 2. from3. by4. on
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12828.
37. Выберите пропущенное слово
In an area that is very windy, it is much better to use large blades in 37___________ to use all of the wind available.
1. order 2. attempt3. favour4. effect
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12829.
38. Выберите пропущенное слово
Today is a fantastic time to do as much 38___________ as you can about wind power so you will be able to make educated decisions in the future.
1. investigation2. discovery3. search 4. research
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12830.
Раздел 4. Письмо.
Обратите внимание на необходимость соблюдения указанного объёма текста. Тексты недостаточного объёма, а также часть текста, превышающая требуемый объём, не оцениваются. Запишите сначала номер задания (39, 40), а затем ответ на него.
39. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend David who writes:
…At school we are doing projects on teenagers in different countries. What is your idea of a typical Russian teenager? You will help me a lot if you tell me about Russian teenagers. What do they enjoy? What are their most popular leisure activities?
Anyway, the weather is fine today and I’m going to try my new skateboard…
Write a letter to David.
In your letter
— tell him about Russian teenagers
— ask 3 questions about his his leisure activities
Write 100 — 140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Подсказка к этому вопросу еще не внесена, но скоро появится =)
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12751.
40. Comment on the following statement.
Travel broadens the mind.
What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Write 200 — 250 words.
Use the following plan:
— make an introduction (state the problem paraphrasing the given statement)
— express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion
— express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing opinion
— explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
— make a conclusion restating your position
Подсказка к этому вопросу еще не внесена, но скоро появится =)
P.S. Нашли ошибку в задании? Пожалуйста, сообщите о вашей находке
При обращении указывайте id этого вопроса — 12712.
Задание 1
Прослушайте шесть высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
| 1. | A diary in your mobile may be a good idea. |
| 2. | This way to remember things doesn’t go well with hygiene. |
| 3. | One should keep used diaries and daily planners. |
| 4. | This technique is not good for remembering things. |
| 5. | Good memory may be a question of genetics. |
| 6. | Writing things on pieces of paper is convenient. |
| 7. | Keeping a diary can help not to forget things. |
Задание 2
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений А–G соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 – Not stated). Занесите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа в таблицу. Вы услышите запись дважды.
Задания 3-9
Прослушайте интервью. В заданиях А8–А14 укажите номер выбранного Вами варианта ответа.
Задание 10
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
| 1 | When we don’t sleep |
| 2 | Not only for humans |
| 3 | How dreaming helps |
| 4 | When we dream |
| 5 | Why dreams can be scary |
| 6 | What we feel dreaming |
| 7 | How we forget dreams |
| 8 | How we remember dreams |
| A | Even though our dreams may feel like they last for hours and hours, we hardly spend more than two hours dreaming each night, which means a person spends a total of nearly six years dreaming throughout a lifetime. In general there are four phases of the sleep cycle and all dreaming occurs practically at the final phase. Each of these sleep cycles lasts approximately 60 to 90 minutes and may repeat several times throughout the night. |
| B | Anxiety is the most popular emotion experienced in dreams. Many people dream of falling, which is often connected to something in our lives that is going in the wrong direction. In addition, dreams of being chased are very common and are linked to avoidance. Also people report dreams about their teeth falling out, which is related to the words and communication we might have in real life. |
| C | Dreaming helps people make sense of the information and events that occur in their lives. Dreams play an important role in processing and remembering information that we absorb daily. Also, they help reduce stress and even solve problems. It’s very possible to work through real-life problems while dreaming at night. In addition, dreams provide a lot of important content and meaning that can be used to inspire and direct our lives during the day. |
| D | Nearly 5 to 10% of adults have nightmares. There are several reasons for it, for example when people start taking certain medications or when they withdraw from drugs. Some physical conditions, such as stress or illness, can also be a trigger. However, in some cases adults may have frequent nightmares that are unrelated to their everyday lives, which may signify that they are more creative, sensitive, and emotional than the average person. |
| E | There is no person who does not have dreams, but not everybody recalls them. The most vivid dreams happen during the Rapid Eye Movement sleep stage when the brain is extremely active and the eyes move back and forth quickly underneath the eyelids. Although dream recall varies from person to person, some people have little or no recollection of the content, and around 90% of dreams are gone following the first 10 minutes of waking up. |
| F | Scientists have found that animals also dream and their subconscious thoughts are connected to real experiences. Animals’ dreams are complex, containing long sequences of events. Animals’ brains share the same series of sleeping states as the brain of human beings. Analyzing animals’ dreams and the content of their dreams may help scientists treat memory disorders and develop new ways for people to learn and retain information more effectively. |
| G | Only five minutes after the end of a dream and half of the content is likely to vanish from our memories. It’s not that dreams aren’t important enough to keep in mind, but other things tend to get in the way. Dream researcher L. Strumpell believes that dreams disappear from our memories for a number of factors. For example, we may not recall dream images that lack intensity, association or repetition, which are usually needed for dream recall. |
Задание 11
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
Promoting language learning
The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its
citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate
with each other. It does so by A_____________________ to promote the teaching
and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in
common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often
three or more, EU countries.
The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education
policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national
education policy, B_____________________. What the EU programmes do is to
create links between countries and regions via joint projects,
C_____________________.
Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella
of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support
under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant
languages, D_____________________. There are national information centres in
each country, E_____________________.
The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural
diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and
subtitling of European films for F _________. The “Culture”
programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern
authors into other EU languages.
- and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners
- which includes language teaching and learning
- cinemas and television in other EU countries
- which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning
- funding a number of educational programmes
- and encouraging people to learn new languages
- where details about the application procedures are given
Задания 12-18
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному
варианту ответа.
Space could solve water problems
Have you ever tasted saltwater? I guess you have and if so, you will agree
with me that it’s not very refreshing. In fact, drinking more than a few cups worth
can kill you.
According to the United States Geological Survey, whose mission is to
collect and disseminate reliable, impartial, and timely information that is needed to
understand the nation’s water resources, about ninety-seven percent of the water on
our planet is saltwater; the rest is stored in lakes, rivers, glaciers and aquifers
underground. Moreover, only about one-third of the world’s potential fresh water
can be used for human needs. As pollution increases, the amount of usable water
decreases.
Water is the most precious and taken-for-granted resource we have on Earth.
It is also one of the most threatened resources. Increased population and possible
climate change will put more and more strain on supplies of this vital resource as
time goes on. What could we do in this situation? Though it may seem like science
fiction, the solution could lie in outer space.
I’m not saying we’re going to be teleporting to a spring on the other side of
the galaxy or colonizing another planet just to have longer showers – it’s much
more mundane than that. What we could achieve realistically in this century is the
successful use of the solar system’s rare metals and water, barring the invention of
the matrix.
You may be surprised to learn that the metal in your keys, coins, cell phone,
computer, car and everywhere else, originally came to this planet from space.
When Earth formed, the heavy metals sank to the center and formed a solid core.
The lighter elements formed the mantle and the crust we live on. Asteroids and
comets that struck the Earth brought water and metals to the surface.
There are thousands of asteroids orbiting near Earth. Most asteroids are
made of rock, but some are composed of metal, mostly nickel and iron. Probes
could be sent out to these to identify useful ones. Then larger probes could push
them towards the Earth where they can be handled in orbit.
In order to fuel ships and probes, we simply need to find a source of water,
such as a comet or the surface of the moon. We collect the water and pass an
electric current through it from a solar panel. The water separates into oxygen and
hydrogen, which in liquid form is a powerful rocket fuel.
Is this really possible? We may soon find out. Private company SpaceX has
already started delivering equipment to the International Space Station (ISS).
The ISS is proof that countries once at each other’s throats, like America and
Russia, can work together and pull off multi-billion dollar projects.
Recently, a company called Planetary Resources Inc. made the news for
getting big names like Google and Microsoft to invest in exploring asteroids for material gain. Although it will take many decades, it is wise to put the gears in
motion now.
We’ve already landed probes on the surface of asteroids and taken samples
from them. We can put something as large as the ISS, which weighs just short of
500 tons, according to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), in
orbit.
We can make a half-million-mile round-trip to get rocks from the moon. We
can do all of these things already. They just need to be applied and developed in
a smart way.
Задания 19-25
Прочитайте приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных
номерами 19–25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25.
One airline had a policy that required the first officer to stand at the door while the passengers exited. He smiled and thanked them for the airline. [FLY]
A pilot on this airline landed his plane into the runway really hard. He thought that passengers angry comments. [HAVE]
However, it seemed that all of were too shocked to say anything. Finally, everyone got off except for a little old lady. She said, ‘Can I ask you a question?’ ‘Yes, Madam,’ said the pilot. ‘What was it?’ the lady asked, ‘Did we land or were we shot down?’ [THEY]
The Alhambra is a palace and fortress in Granada. It between 1238 and 1358 at the end of
Muslim rule in Spain. Despite the development that followed the Christian conquest, it still looks like a medieval Moorish settlement. [BUILD]
Since the Middle Ages, the Alhambra as a remarkable example of a Spanish-Moorish town. As most fortresses of that time, it has a surrounding wall, but it looks fairly weak. [SURVIVE]
Later it the kings of Granada and was just supposed to offer nice views. [NOT/DEFEND]
Today, the Alhambra to be one of the greatest examples of Islamic architecture. [CONSIDER]
Задания 26-31
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26–31,
однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными
словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26–31.
Задания 32-38
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены
возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
When the war ended I returned to Trinity College and was granted an extra year to complete my degree. 32 ____________________ my father and mother considered my grant at Trinity the highlight of the year, I thought Dad’s receiving an award from the Queen was more important. The ceremony turned 33 ______________________ to be a double delight, because I was able to witness my old tutor, Professor Bradford, receive his award for the role he had played in the field of breaking German military codes 34 ______________________ the war. I was proud of our little team working under Professor Bradford – as Churchill stated in the House of Commons, we had probably cut the length of the war by a year. We all met up afterwards for tea at the Ritz, and not unnaturally at some 35 _____________________ during the afternoon the conversation switched to what career I proposed to follow now the war was over. To my father’s credit he had never once 36 _____________________ that I should join him at the family company, especially as I knew how much he had longed for another son who might eventually 37 ___________________ his place. In fact, during the summer vacation I became even more conscious of my good fortune, as Father seemed to be preoccupied with the business and Mother was unable to hide her own anxiety about the future of the company. But whenever I asked if I could help all she would 38 __________________ was, “Don’t worry, it will all work out in the end.”
При выполнении заданий 32-38 вам поможет:
Методичка “Фразовые глаголы”
Задание 39
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Joan who writes:
… When I forget to take an umbrella in summer, it always rains. What’s the weather like in summer where you live? What do you usually do when it rains? How do you protect yourself from bad weather?
I bought new shoes two days ago, but now I think I should take them back to the store …
Write a letter to Joan.
In your letter
– answer her questions
– ask 3 questions about her new shoes
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Как написать личное письмо на ЕГЭ по английскому языку
Задание 40
Выберите только ОДНО из двух предложенных высказываний (40.1 или 40.2), укажите его номер в БЛАНКЕ ОТВЕТОВ № 2 и выразите своё мнение
по предложенной проблеме согласно данному плану.
Comment on one of the following statements.
40.1 Exams motivate students to study harder.
40.2 It is better for children to grow up in the city.
What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Write 200–250 words.
Use the following plan:
– make an introduction (state the problem paraphrasing the given
statement);
– express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion;
– express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing
opinion;
– explain why you do not agree with the opposing opinion;
– make a conclusion restating your position.
Вам помогут:
Методичка: “Примерные темы и аргументы для эссе (с лексикой)”
Курс эссе
Удачи на экзамене!