Русские подростковые журналы сочинение на английском

Portfolio: In small groups, do a survey on favourite teenage magazines for boys & girls in your class. Report the results.

Муниципальное
автономное общеобразовательное учреждение

 Гимназия
№18

Проект

 на
тему: Teenage
magazines in Great Britain and in Russia

Выполнила:
ученица 8 «г»

                                                              
Ефремова Ольга Игоревна 

  
Руководитель: учитель английского языка

 Еремеева
Татьяна Сергеевна

Нижний
Тагил

2017

Contents

    Introduction ………………………………………………………………….3-4

    I The peculiarities
of mass media

     
1.1 From the history of mass media…………………………………………. 5

      1.2 Different types
of media ………………………………………………… 6-9

      1.3 Types of
magazines and their genres …………………………………… 10

 
   II Teenage magazines

     
2.1 Teenage magazines in Great Britain and in Russia …………………….. 11-13

     
2.2 The impact of the magazines on teens ………………………………….. 13-14

     
2.3 The analysis of the teen magazine “Star” ………………………………. 14-15

    
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………16-18

    
The list of literature …………………………………………………………19

    
Appendix 1 Different genres of magazines …………………………………. 20-21

    
Appendix 2 Magazines for boys and girls in Great Britain ………………….
22-23

    
Appendix 3 Magazines for boys and girls in Russia ………………………… 24

  
  Appendix 4 Teenage magazine “Star”………………………………………… 25

Introduction

Actuality

Mass media is of great importance
nowadays. It includes print media, broadcast media and the internet. Some
people say that the internet can replace other types of mass media and they are
completely right because it is the easiest way to get information fast.
However, we can notice a great number of magazines in the stores. They are
colourful, glossy and attract attention of various categories of people
especially teens who don’t have serious problems yet concerning earning money,
finding a prestigious job. The teens consider that they will be the happiest
and everything will be all right in their life. So they see everything in
bright colours. Many teens put the posters with stars on the walls of the room
and admire them every day. It proves that the magazines are still popular and
they have a psychological impact on teens’ self-esteem. The teen magazines can be
typed for girls and for boys. Girls are mainly interested in fashion, celebrity
gossips, make-up and boys prefer reading articles about sport and famous
musicians. It is interesting to know if the teens in Great Britain also like
the magazines, what information they can get from them, how they treat to it
and what covers they have got. We’ve decided to research the
difference between teen magazines in Great Britain and in Russia and find some
common things as well because it’s a good chance to learn some new facts about
Britain, enlarge the knowledge of this country.

That’s why here’s a project on the
theme: Teenage magazines in Great Britain and in Russia 

Object:
mass media

Subject:
teenage magazines

Purpose:
comparison of teen magazines in Great Britain and in Russia

Tasks:

1. Learn the literature on the theme
of the research work.

2. Follow the history of mass media

3. Characterize different types of
media

4. Focus on the teen magazines in
Great Britain and in Russia

5. Define the impact of magazines on
teenagers

Hypothesis of the project:
teen magazines put the emphasis on the same sections both in Great Britain and
in Russia

Methods of research: watching,
analysis, synthesis of the studied material

The practical part of the project
is the analysis of the material written by the pupils of the 7th form from
Gymnasia 18 and the creation of the magazine for teens on the basis of it.

      I The peculiarities
of mass media

1.1 From the history of mass media

Mass media dates back to
the time when Homo sapiens existed and there was a necessity to communicate
with each other. People used to paint different pictures on the walls to inform
somebody about something. The history of mass media is closely connected with
print media.

The first newspaper was
printed in China 868 A.D, but it wasn’t widespread because the paper was very
expensive and people couldn’t read. Johannes Gutenberg printed the first book
in 1453.  So, print media gave the beginning to other forms of communication.  According
to Wikipedia, mass media refers collectively to all media technologies,
including the Internet, television, newspapers and radio, which are used for
mass communications, and to organizations which control these technologies.

Some years later after
the second World War radio, video and television became actual. The
audio-visual facilities became immensely popular as they provided information
and entertainment. Later the Internet became popular with a great number of
people because it provided with information fast. Using the net one can watch
films, cartoons and, of course, find necessary texts which are important for
writing projects. It’s also up-to-date to surf the net to chat with friends and
classmates and even with unknown people. One can also find information from
different fields of knowledge such as literature, science, sports, music,
movies, fashion.  [3]

To sum up, one of the
biggest influences in our modern lives today, is the force of mass media.
Without this medium of communication, our way of live and our civilization
would be much more backward than where we are today. We humans are still
immature as we definitely have a lot of growing up to do as a race, and mass
media is a tool that is supposed to aid us in achieving the aim of fulfillment.

1.2 Different types of
media

The information distributed to people
on a large scale through the use of television, radio, movies, newspapers,
Internet, magazines and books is termed as Mass Media.[4]

Mass media includes various devices
that is possible to use to interact and communicate with a great number of
people in various languages.

Print Media

Print media encompasses mass
communication through printed material. It includes newspapers, magazines,
booklets and brochures, house magazines, periodicals or newsletters, direct
mailers, handbills or flyers, billboards, and books.

Newspapers

Newspaper is a kind of print media
that is related to a number of topics like entertainment, finance, current
affairs. They also include crosswords and quizzes. This sort of information
refers to different age groups and captivates the imagination and interests of
readers. [Шарков2015:320]

Newspapers can reach every corner of
the world. They build opinions, form knowledge of the reader and help
advertisers to promote their products.

However, with the emergence of
Internet, which updates information every second, the popularity of newspapers
has reduced.

Magazines

Magazines are another type of popular
culture print media. They usually cater to a specific type of audience who are
looking for information based on a particular subject. Magazines cover a lot of
topics, like current affairs, business, finance, consumers, gadgets, luxury,
lifestyle, beauty, fashion, entertainment, travel. The magazines can come out
every week, every month, quarterly, half-yearly, or yearly.

Booklets and Brochures

Booklets and brochures are a part of
the promotional literature of a product, or an organization. There are two
types of booklets and brochures.

Pre-buying promotion

Promotional literature is distributed
in the shopping malls or even in the streets free of charge. For example, it
can be a booklet about cosmetics. It has got colourful, glossy cover, a lot of
pictures with the depiction of various products. Post-buying promotion

 This kind of booklets provide the
buyer of a definite product with necessary information about it: how to use it,
how to keep it. You must be careful while buying a new item. It  usually has
got a small booklet which give details about the ways and advantages of using
it.

 House Magazines, Periodicals, or
Newsletters

Direct Mailers

Direct mailers are small pamphlets, that
one can find in the mail-box. They usually include colourful advertisements,
profitable offers. Some of them have political views which are supposed to be
accepted by people. In most cases direct mailer makes readers have positive
decisions.

Handbills or Flyers

Handbills are printed on a small
paper. They are very attractive and they don’t have much to read. One can get
them from a person who hands them out in the street. It’s a good way for young
people to earn money doing this kind of work.

These are useful mainly for
restaurants, hotels, nightclubs, political campaigns, delis, concerts, rallies,
political campaigns.

Billboards

One can see the billboards in the
street of the town. They are attractive for people’s eye and their purpose is
to advertise some new products or the ideas of the political leader. Modern
gadgets are also can be seen on the billboards and they arouse the wish to buy
them immediately. They have a psychological effect on people.

Books

It goes without saying that books are
the most important kind of mass media. They include the works and masterpieces
of great Russian and foreign writers. Their aim is to bring children up, form
their personal opinion on any theme that is up-to-date. Unfortunately, the role
of the books has become to decrease as far as he electronic types of mass media
have appeared in the modern world.

Electronic Media

Electronic media is the kind of media
that is connected with the usage of the electronic devices such as radio,
television and new-age media, like computers, telephones, internet.

Television

Television is one of the forms of
communication which attract attention of a great number of people. One can
watch concerts, documentaries, cartoons, games, shows. People watch TV when
they have holidays or free time or even when they are busy the television is
switched on because people can’t imagine their life without this great
invention of the mankind.

Radio

People usually listen to the radio
while driving a car to learn some news or listen to music to have fun.
[Федотова2013:238]

New Age Media

Mobile phones, computers, and
Internet are often referred to as the new-age media. Internet has opened up
several new opportunities for mass communication which include email, websites,
podcasts, e-forums, e-books, blogging. Internet has also started social
networking sites, which have redefined mass communication all together. Sites,
like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube have made communication to the masses all
the more entertaining, interesting, and easier!

Mobile Phones

Mobile phones have become popular
with the public. It is the easiest way to be connected with someone. There is
no need anymore to visit someone because we can just phone and solve all the
problems. Nowadays mobiles are used not only for interaction but also for
playing games, listening to music or sending text messages. Today, we can stay
in touch with the whole world via Internet on our mobile phones.

Computers

With the invention of computers the
impossible has become possible. We virtually get information about everything
from pin to piano with the help of computers. It has added speed and multimedia
to the information, which was earlier available only in the print format. Also,
anyone can voice their opinions through computers. Computers have added a new
breakthrough in the mass media by combining human intelligence with the cutting
edge technology.

Internet

It’s the most important device of new
age media. The discovery of Internet can be called the biggest invention in
mass media. In the earlier days, news used to reach people only with the
morning newspaper. But today, live updates reach us simultaneously as the
events unfold. For example, the royal wedding of Kate Middleton and Prince
William was watched live on the Internet by millions of people around the
world. It’s inspired interaction and connectivity through its social networking
medium.[2]

Despite the fact that internet plays
a very important role in the life of people, print media is still widespread
and we can see a great number of newspapers, books and magazines in stores,
shopping malls. Their popularity depends on their cover and the contents and on
interests of the readers.

1.3 Types of magazines and their
genres

There are three types of magazines:
consumer, trade and professional, and house organ, or in-house. Magazines are
categorized according to the audiences they address. [Appendix 1]

Magazines are usually printed daily,
monthly, quarterly or annually. Magazines are focused on a central topic, issue
or theme and contain a variety of articles within their pages. Consumer
magazines are typically printed for the general public, while trade and
professional magazines are for business owners, and in-house magazines cater to
special interest groups and non-profit organizations.

Consumer magazines are among the most
popular and common types of magazines. These magazines are produced for the
largest and most general audience and cater to special interests. Some
publications are produced by retailers to attract buyers for their clothes,
shoes and other apparel, while others are designed to showcase real estate
listings, consumer electronics or automobiles. Trade and professional
publications generally offer advice to others within a certain industry and may
run advertisements for companies as well. In-house magazines include
publications such as university periodicals and medical journals and may be
printed by nonprofit organizations and special interest groups. There are also
such magazines as celebrity, entertainment, fashion, movie, music and so on.[Федотова
2014:400]

In this project we would like to
focus our attention on the magazines which are for teens because in this period
of life teens try to show their individual features. To look cool they try to
imitate modern images in the magazines. Girls like to read magazines about models,
boys want to be strong, powerful, successful as many stars and millionaires.

II Teenage magazines

2.1 Teenage magazines in Great
Britain and in Russia

Teenage magazines in Great Britain

About half of British young people
aged 12 to 16 read teenage magazines! Two of the most popular magazines for
girls are ‘Sugar’ and ‘Bliss’. They have glossy, colourful covers and include
beauty and fashion, celebrity gossip, real life stories, horoscopes, quizzes
and problem pages. There are also other magazines which are popular with girls:

“SEVENTEEN”  

Seventeen is a magazine for girls. It
has got information about fashion and beauty, quizzes. One can read different
pieces of advice how to be modern and unique. This magazine is popular not only
in Great Britain but also in Russia. It can be seen in many stores

 “TEEN VOGUE”

This kind of magazine includes such
topics as style, celebrities, fashion and beauty. Here one can read some tips
how to look fashionable and modern. This magazine is for the girls who take
care of their appearance and lifestyle. “DISCOVERY GIRLS”

The aim of this magazine is to
entertain the girls offering a great number of quizzes, games. One can also
find funny or real life stories there.

Of course, boys don’t usually find
these magazines very interesting! Instead, they buy music magazines like
‘NME’or magazines about sport, like ‘Shoot’or ‘Match’.

“BOY’S LIFE”

If you are a boy scout this magazine
is for you. Here you can read about brave boys who can overcome the difficult
circumstances and find the way out of difficult situations.

 “NME”

This magazine contains information
about musicians, their background, their life and musical career. One can also
find information about a great number of musical compositions of various
American singers.

“SHOOT’OR”

This magazine is for the sportsmen or
fans of the games such as basketball, football. Its aim is to widespread some
facts about famous sports tournaments and the life of great sportsmen in the
UK. [Appendix 2]

Usually, teenage magazines contain a
lot of language that only teenagers use! They might use ‘celeb’ instead of
celebrity, for example, or ‘fave’ instead of favourite. They also say ‘lads’
instead of ‘boys’, ‘dosh’ instead of ‘money’ and ‘natter’ instead of ‘talk to
your friends’! This makes the magazines more attractive to teenagers and easier
to understand. On a more serious note though, a lot of these magazines can help
teens find solutions to problems they don’t feel comfortable discussing with
their parents. That’s why the problem pages in these magazines are very
popular. In fact, many teens buy them just for the problem page.[4]

Teenage magazines in Russia

Teen girls today are the biggest part
of the audience of teen magazines, so more magazines are created especially for
them. Magazines for girls usually have a female celebrity on the cover. The
title of the magazine and some of its articles are printed in bright letters on
the cover. Many teen magazines   have a “glossy” cover. The most popular teen
magazines are: ELLE girl, Seventeen, Oops, Yes, Cool girl.

Boys are not so mad about their
appearance and fashion. The magazines for boys are usually about sports and
computer games. They are HOT BOYS, BOYS’LIFE. [Appendix 3]

Teenage magazines in Russia contain
the same sections as those in Great Britain.

Girls both in Russia and in Great
Britain are interested in fashion and boys are interested in sport and music. [Емчура
2015:135]

They say, magazines have positive and
negative influence on teenagers. Readers usually   like the magazines because
they are bright with interesting and useful  information, they publish articles
about teen problems. On the other hand, there is the fact that teen magazines 
pressure teenagers  to achieve an ideal that is not realistic. Most
importantly, teenagers should believe in themselves.

 No magazine controls teens. With
right reader attitude magazines for teens can be fun, relaxing, informative and
even useful.

2.2 The impact of magazines on
teenagers

According to a 2016 report by Magazine
Publishers of Britain, 80% of teens read magazines. In Russia – 70% of teens
read magazines. [Чачановский 2016:180]

Psychological Impacts

Teenage magazines contain information
that is not always accepted by the teens correctly. The girls have a great wish
to be slim like famous models and successful of course. So, they keep a strong
diet, wear fashionable clothes, have a bright make-up and even forget about
their study. The teen magazines provide the young generation with information
that is how to be cool and popular with the classmates. [Алферова
2000:416]

Advertisements often show beauty
products, hair products, clothing and perfume. In these advertisements, however
magazines often show underweight women and over muscular men. The photos shown
in magazines are often photo shopped and only show flawless skin and no
imperfections in women. When teenage girls see this, they want to have the
appearance that the magazine is portraying. The ideal look of beauty can make
teenagers feel depressed when they compare their bodies to the ones shown in
magazines. [Кузина 2016:135]

As for the boys, they are less
addicted to the negative influence of magazines. Magazines intended
for boys fall into one of three classifications. These are comics which tell
the story by means of strip cartoons; story papers which have several short
stories; and pulp magazines which have a single, but complete, novella in them.
They also read magazines about sport and musicians.

There are several recommendations for
parents how to help their children to accept information from the magazines in
a useful way:

1.     It
is necessary to talk to teenagers about the negative impact of smoking on their
growing body.

2.     Be
aware of what your child read and what kind of magazines he or she buys. It
will be helpful to look the magazine through before giving it to your child.

3.     As
for the girls talk to them about how the models in magazines have been
photo-shopped or airbrushed

4.     It
would be useful to start an advertising awareness program at schools. [Прохоров
2014:150]

2.3 The analysis of the teen magazine
“Star”

In this research work we would like
to represent the analysis of the teen magazine “Star”. The material for this
magazine was prepared by the pupils of the 7^th form Gymnasia 18.

The picture on the cover suggests it
is a teenage magazine by using light colours.

The image on the cover shows that it
is for teenagers. A young girl seems to be waiting for changes in her life.

 This magazine has 5 sections: beauty
and fashion, celebrity gossips, quiz, problem page and advertisements.

 It is universal. Girls and boys can
find something interesting here.

Having read this magazine we have
found out the interests of the teens. They prefer wearing fashionable clothes,
use modern gadgets, have a good time and answer the quizzes.

Conclusion

The theme of the project is chosen
not by chance. It refers to one of the most important period of life when
teenagers pay more attention to different stereotypes not always positive to
look cool. They can find information with the help of mass media. That is the
information distributed to people on a large scale through the use of
television, radio, movies, newspapers, Internet, magazines and books. Mass
Media is subdivided into Print Media, Electronic Media and New Age Media. Print
media falls into newspapers, magazines, booklets or flyers, billboards, press
releases, books. Electronic media includes television and radio. New age media
covers mobile phones, computers, internet, emails, websites, podcasts, eforums,
facebook, twitter, youtube.

We have chosen one of the types of
print mass media that is a magazine.  They usually cater to a
specific type of audience who are looking for information based on a particular
subject. Magazines cover a number of topics, like current affairs, business,
finance, consumers, gadgets, self-help, luxury, lifestyle, beauty, fashion,
entertainment, travel.

There are three types of magazines:
consumer, trade and professional, and house organ, or in-house. Consumer
magazines are typically printed for the general public, while trade and
professional magazines target retailers and business owners, and in-house
magazines cater to special interest groups and non-profit organizations.

In this research work we would like
to focus our attention on the glossy magazines which are for teens because in
this period of life teens try to show their individual features. To look cool
they try to imitate modern images in the magazines. Girls like to read
magazines about models, boys want to be strong, powerful, successful as many
stars and millionaires.

To achieve the aim of the project
several magazines from Great Britain and Russia were compared. As it turned
out, they have glossy, colourful covers and include such sections as beauty and
fashion, celebrity gossip, real life stories, horoscopes, quizzes and problem
pages. There are specific magazines for boys in Great Britain they are NME,
BOYS’LIFE, SHOOT’OR. In Russia – HOT BOYS, BOYS’LIFE. There are also glossy
magazines for girls in Great Britain they are SEVENTEEN, SPEAK UP, SUMMER FUN.
In Russia – SEVENTEEN, COOL, ELLE GIRL.

 According to a 2017 report by
Magazine Publishers of Britain, 80% of teens read magazines. According to a
2016 report by Magazine Publishers of Russia, 70% of teens read magazines. So
that is more than half of teens both in Great Britain and in Russia.

It’s also become known that the
magazines have negative and positive influence on teenagers in Great Britain
and in Russia.

On a more serious note though, a lot of
these magazines can help teens find solutions to problems they don’t feel
comfortable discussing with their parents. That’s why the problem pages in
these magazines are very popular. In fact, many teens buy them just for the
problem page.

 While looking through the magazine
girls often see models who are famous and live somewhere abroad near the sea,
So they forget about real life and live in the world of fantasy that leads to
problems with health. I mean numerous diets they follow. Sometimes they are even
aggressive towards the classmates and friends and parents.

 As for the boys, they are less
addicted to the negative influence of magazines. Magazines intended for boys
fall into one of three classifications. These are comics which tell the story
by means of strip cartoons; story papers which have several short stories; and
pulp magazines which have a single, but complete, novella in them. They also
read magazines about sport and musicians.

Recommendations for boys and girls:

Talk to your teenagers about health
risks of smoking

Show your teenagers the effects of
smoking

Limit the magazines your children
have access to, don’t subscribe to a magazine without looking through it first

Talk to your daughter about health
risks of becoming too thin

Talk to her about how the models in
magazines have been photo-shopped or airbrushed

Start an advertising awareness
program at her school

Finally, teenage magazines in both
countries were compared and we can see that they are completely the same in
contents, appearance. Their social role is to influence the young generation
and in most cases negatively. 

But there is a good expression: No magazine
controls teens. With right reader attitude magazines for teens can be fun,
relaxing, informative and even useful.

The pupils of the 7^th form
collected the material and we created the magazine called “Star” in accordance
with their interests. It has got such sections as celebrity gossip, problem
page, quizzes, quiz, advertisements, fashion and beauty. It is a universal
magazine for boys and for girls. As it turned out boys also enjoy learning all
these sections. Having analyzed this magazine we’ve learned what the teenagers
are interested in. They read about beauty and fashion, celebrities, solve
quizzes, share their problems with us and pay attention to modern gadgets. This
work doesn’t have negative information. It is useful and amusing.

The list of literature

1.    
Алферов, А.Д. Психология развития
школьника / А.Д.Алферов.-Ростов н/Д.:Наука, 2000.-416с.

2.    
Емчура,Т. Современная молодежь и каналы ее
социализации/Т. Емчура.-М.:Вестник,2015.-135с.

3.    
Кузина,С.В. Роль СМИ в формировании
культурных приоритетов молодежи/С.В.Кузина.-М.:Власть,2016.-135с.

4.    
Прохоров,Е.П. Введение в теорию
журналистики/Е.П.Прохоров.-М.:Наука,2014.-150с.

5.    
Федотова,Л.Н. Массовая информация:
стратегия производства и тактика потребления/Л.Н.Федотова.-М.:Наука,2014.-400с.

6.    
Федотова,Л.Н. Социология массовой
коммуникации/Л.Н.Федотова.-М.:Аспект Пресс,2013.-238с.

7.    
Чачановский,А.А. Инстанция истины:СМИ и
жизнь/А.А.Чачановский.-М.:Политиздат,2016.-180с.

8.    
Шарков,Ф.И. Социология массовой
коммуникации/Ф.И.Шарков.-М.:Социальные отношения, 2015.-320с.

Electronic
resources

1.    
www:buzzle.com

2.    
http://enguide/ua

3.    
http://hubpages/com

4.    
ru.wikipedia.org/

Appendix 1

Different genres of magazines

 

Appendix
2

Magazines
for girls and boys in Britain

        

Appendix
3

Magazines
for boys and girls in Russia

Appendix
4

 Teenage
magazine “Star”

In the practical part of
the project we would like to represent the teenage magazine “Star”. The
material for this magazine is written by the pupils of the 7^th form
according to their interests. The reason for creating this magazine is to
demonstrate the interests of the teens, their priorities, problems they have to
deal with.

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Magazines Журналы
Thanks to various media sources, it has become much easier to learn about the world news, tendencies and social streams. As for me, I get nearly all information from Internet resources, such as online newspapers and magazines. However, I still like buying and reading glossy magazines from kiosks. With the rapid development of imprint media, I think anyone can find something to their taste. For example, my mum likes buying magazines about knitting and any other DIY (Do It Yourself) hobbies. My father prefers magazines about sports and cars. My younger brother likes magazines about tanks and various boyish weapons. Sometimes these magazines come with toy items inside which makes him happy. As for me, I prefer reading about celebrity biographies, about various teenage problems and their solution. I’m also interested in human psychology. When I graduate from school, I want to study the profession of a psychologist. That’s why my mum sometimes buys thematic magazines for me. What I like about magazines, is their colourful illustrations. It’s good to have some visual proof of the information you read. Recently, I’ve read an article on the history of magazines which said that the first issue appeared in medieval France. Starting from the 1700s, such pamphlets were published regularly in England and America. One of the first British magazines was called “The Gentleman’s Magazine”. One of the first American magazines was called “Monthly View”. In my opinion, magazines became so popular because they contain articles and stories on various topics, such as business, science, hobbies, culture, etc. Благодаря различным СМИ, стало гораздо легче узнавать мировые новости, тенденции и социальные веяния. Что касается меня, я получаю почти всю информацию из интернет-ресурсов, например, из онлайн-газет и журналов. Тем не менее, мне все еще нравится покупать и читать глянцевые журналы в киосках. В связи с быстрым развитием печатных СМИ, я думаю, что каждый может найти что-то на свой вкус. Например, моя мама любит покупать журналы о вязании и любых других рукодельных хобби. Мой отец предпочитает журналы о спорте и автомобилях. Мой младший брат любит журналы о танках и различном мальчишечьем оружии. Иногда эти журналы бывают с игрушкой внутри, чему он очень радуется. Что касается меня, я предпочитаю читать о биографиях знаменитостей, о различных подростковых проблемах и их решении. Я также интересуюсь человеческой психологией. После окончания школы, я хочу освоить профессию психолога. Вот почему моя мама иногда покупает мне тематические журналы. В журналах мне особенно нравятся иллюстрации. Хорошо когда информация, которую читаешь, подкреплена визуальными доказательствами. Недавно я прочитала статью об истории журналов, в которой говорилось, что первый экземпляр появился в средневековой Франции. Начиная с 1700-х годов, подобные брошюры регулярно публиковались в Англии и Америке. Одним из первых британских журналов был «Журнал джентльмена». Одним из первых американских журналов был «Месячный обзор». На мой взгляд, журналы стали такими популярными, потому что они содержат статьи и рассказы на различные темы, такие как бизнес, наука, хобби, культура и т.д.

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